Transcript Heat Pump Water Heaters: Tier 2 – Ducted Interior Installations Provisional UES Proposal Regional Technical Forum February 14th, 2012 UES Analysis by: B.

Heat Pump Water Heaters:
Tier 2 – Ducted Interior Installations
Provisional UES Proposal
Regional Technical Forum
February 14th, 2012
UES Analysis by:
B. Larson
RTF Staff Review by: A. Hadley
Presentation by:
A. Hadley, J. Harris
Background
• In October 2011, Provisional UES approved for
heat pump water heater (HPWH) for:
– Northern Climate Specification Tier 1
• Buffer space installs
• Interior (non-ducted installs)
– Northern Climate Spec Tier 2
• Buffer space installs
• Northern Climate Spec Tier 2 Interior Installations
require exhaust ducting
– Left as “TBD” in October
– Presented preliminary analysis in December 2011
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Measure Summary
• Measure name: Heat Pump Water Heater
• Measure description
– Installation of a heat pump water heater instead of a standard
electric tank water heater in single family site built homes in an
interior location with exhaust ducts
– Installation shall comply with the Northern Climate Heat Pump
Specification for Tier 2 units with exhaust ducting
• Measure spec under development
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•
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•
Measure type: UES
Today’s Request: Discussion, Review, Decision
Change in measure status: Proposed  Provisional
Change in measure savings: n/a
Change in measure cost effectiveness: n/a
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Tier 2: Field Installs
• Current NEEA field study specifies interior installs
with exhaust ducting limit airflow to 200 cfm
• Example from one site (1/27/12):
– airflow measurements with 12-point duct traverse
Duct Run
1
2
3
4
5
Fitting
Start
Straight Duct
6" to 4"
Reducer with
damper
Straight Duct
Exhaust
Airflow Measurements
Diameter (in.)
6"
6"
Length (in.)
0”
12”
6"
8”
4"
4"
10”
0”
Traverse
A
B
A
Duct Size
4” Damper
Full Open
4”
CFM
B
Damper
Adjusted
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Measured Airflow Variation Effects: ATI
• NEEA lab testing of ATI at 67.5F ambient
– 375 cfm:
– 200 cfm:
– 150 cfm:
full flow, capacity and COP
5% capacity and 10% COP reduction
11% capacity and 12% COP reduction
AirGenerate ATI HPWH COP vs Tank
Temperature at Varied Airflows
AirGenerate ATI HPWH Input Power & Output
Capacity at Varied Airflows
3
5
COP
4
Full Flow
3
200 cfm
150 cfm
2
1
0
60
80
100
Average Tank Temperature (F)
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Input Power and Output Capacity (kW)
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2.5
2
In Power Full Flow
Out Capacity Full Flow
1.5
In Power 200 cfm
Out Capacity 200 cfm
1
In Power 150 cfm
Out Capacity 150 cfm
0.5
0
60
80
100
120
Average Tank Temperature (F)
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Measured Airflow Variation Effects: Voltex
•
BPA HPWH lab evaluation observed Voltex compressor performance for 3 flow
scenarios at 67.5F ambient temperature
– Full flow:
475 cfm
– ⅓ filter area blocked: 372 cfm
– ⅔ filter area blocked: 284 cfm
 Similar, small changes in performance as found with ATI but flow down to 200cfm not
tested
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Overall Savings Estimates
• Impact on house heating + cooling system
depends on climate, exhaust airflow, and HVAC
system type
• Combining DHW energy savings with heating +
cooling impact produces the overall energy
savings estimate
• 5 scenarios in 4 climates considered on next slide:
– Interior non-ducted (0 cfm flow to outside)
– 4 levels of exhaust ducting to outside
• 150, 200, 250, and 300 cfm
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Heating System Interaction
•
•
Zonal Resistance Heat (kWh/yr)
CFM PNW
HZ1
HZ2
HZ3
300 -1283 -1252 -1514 -1764
250 -1029 -1003 -1222 -1431
200
-839
-817 -1006 -1184
150
-664
-646
-799
-943
0
-1415 -1415 -1479 -1597
Electric Resistance Furnace (kWh/yr)
CFM PNW
HZ1
HZ2
HZ3
300 -1464 -1428 -1741 -2036
250 -1173 -1143 -1399 -1641
200
-953
-927 -1146 -1349
150
-751
-730
-906 -1072
0
-1608 -1606 -1688 -1830
Heat Pump HSPF 8.5 (kWh/yr)
CFM PNW
HZ1
HZ2
HZ3
300
-790
-731 -1142 -1542
250
-617
-572
-888 -1195
200
-491
-454
-701
-961
150
-379
-351
-539
-741
0
-609
-590
-731
-892
Gas Furnace AFUE 90 (therms/yr)
CFM PNW
HZ1
HZ2
HZ3
300
-68
-66
-83
-98
250
-54
-53
-66
-78
200
-46
-44
-56
-67
150
-35
-33
-42
-51
0
-62
-62
-64
-68
CFM is airflow ducted to outside (“0” corresponds to no ducting)
Negative values are a heating system debit
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Cooling System Interaction
• None for houses without cooling system (Zonal
Resistance and Electric Furnace)
• Cooling savings for ducted installations nearly negligible
but not so for nonducted ones
Heat Pump SEER 13 (kWh/yr)
•
•
Gas Furnace w A/C: SEER 13 (kWh/yr)
CFM
PNW
HZ1
HZ2
HZ3
CFM
PNW
HZ1
HZ2
HZ3
300
20
20
20
20
300
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19
19
19
250
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18
18
250
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18
18
200
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17
17
200
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17
17
17
150
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16
16
16
150
16
16
16
16
0
153
153
153
153
0
152
152
152
152
CFM is airflow ducted to outside (“0” corresponds to no ducting)
Positive values are a cooling system benefit
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Analysis Outputs: Savings Estimates
DHW Savings Combined with Heat+Cool Interaction
Electric Resistance Furnace (kWh/yr)
PNW
HZ1
HZ2
HZ3
50 100 150 200 250 300
Airflow Ducted to Outside (CFM)
2000
1750
1500
1250
1000
750
500
250
0
350
PNW
HZ1
HZ2
HZ3
0
PNW
HZ1
HZ2
HZ3
0
50 100 150 200 250 300
Airflow Ducted to Outside (CFM)
350
Gas Furnace 90 AFUE w/ SEER 13 Cooling
2000
1750
1500
1250
1000
750
500
250
0
350
Estimated Savings (kWh/yr)
Estimated Savings (kWh/yr)
Heat Pump HSPF 8.5 (kWh/yr)
50 100 150 200 250 300
Airflow Ducted to Outside (CFM)
2000
1750
1500
1250
1000
750
500
250
0
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
-120
0
50 100 150 200 250 300
Airflow Ducted to Outside (CFM)
350
Therm Interaction (therms/yr)
0
Estimated Savings (kWh/yr)
Estimated Savings (kWh/yr)
Zonal Resistance Heat (kWh/yr)
2000
1750
1500
1250
1000
750
500
250
0
PNW
HZ1
HZ2
HZ3
PNW (therms)
HZ1 (therms)
HZ2 (therms)
15 (therms)
HZ3
Analysis Outputs: Combined Savings Tables
Zonal Resistance Heat (kWh/yr)
Electric Resistance Furnace (kWh/yr)
CFM
300
250
200
150
PNW
662
917
994
1145
HZ1
692
942
1016
1163
HZ2
428
722
825
1009
HZ3
197
531
666
884
CFM
300
250
200
150
PNW
484
776
884
1063
HZ1
520
806
909
1083
HZ2
206
549
690
907
HZ3
-70
327
506
761
0
538
537
474
374
0
349
350
270
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Heat Pump HSPF 8.5 (kWh/yr)
Gas Furnace AFUE 90 (kWh/yr)
CFM
300
250
200
150
PNW
1090
1263
1267
1352
HZ1
1155
1314
1311
1387
HZ2
698
952
1014
1149
HZ3
284
632
744
935
CFM
300
250
200
150
PNW
1829
1839
1726
1706
HZ1
1837
1847
1734
1714
HZ2
1778
1791
1675
1656
HZ3
1756
1771
1657
1640
0
1407
1433
1248
1071
0
1970
1976
1930
1914
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Measure Cost and Life
Tier 2
Items
• Exhaust venting adder includes materials, labor, and concealing cost (wall
board repair)
http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/residential/pdfs/htgp_finalrul
e_app8a.pdf
• Total Incremental Cost: $1,810 in 2011 $’s ($1,615 in 2006 $’s)
• Measure Life: 15 years – same as other RTF HPWH and WH measures
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Results with B/C Ratios
Annual Energy Saving (kWh/yr)
HPWH Location
Space Heat Type
Unheated Buffer Location
Any Heat Type
Interior Location
Gas Heated Home
Interior Location
Zonal Electric Heated Home
Interior Location
Electric Furnace Heated Home
Interior Location
Heat Pump Heated Home
Tier 1Tier 1
Tier 2
Small Tank Large Tank Any Size
881
1,811
1,786
1,547
2,169
1,726
648
957
994
556
833
884
1,189
1,686
1,267
Annual Energy Saving (therms/yr)
HPWH Location
Space Heat Type
Tier 1Tier 1
Tier 2
Small Tank Large Tank Any Size
Unheated Buffer Location
Interior Location
Any Heat Type
Gas Heated Home
(4)
(4)
(4)
(38)
(52)
(46)
TRC B/C Ratio's
HPWH Location
Space Heat Type
Unheated Buffer Location
Any Heat Type
Interior Location
Gas Heated Home
Interior Location
Zonal Electric Heated Home
Interior Location
Electric Furnace Heated Home
Interior Location
Heat Pump Heated Home
Tier 1Tier 1
Tier 2
Small Tank Large Tank Any Size
1.0
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.4
1.1
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.6
1.3
1.3
0.9
Capital Cost (2011$'s)
HPWH Location
Space Heat Type
Unheated Buffer Location
Any Heat Type
Interior Location
Gas Heated Home
Interior Location
Zonal Electric Heated Home
Interior Location
Electric Furnace Heated Home
Interior Location
Heat Pump Heated Home
Tier 1Tier 1
Small Tank Large Tank
$ 1,009
$
1,608
$ 1,060
$
1,659
$ 1,060
$
1,659
$ 1,060
$
1,659
$ 1,060
$
1,659
Tier 2
Any Size
$ 1,535
$ 1,810
$ 1,810
$ 1,810
$ 1,810
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Call for Participants:
Regional HPWH Evaluation Advisory Committee
• Scope
1. RTF sub-committee to study savings, AND
2. regional process and market evaluation
• Co-chaired by
– RTF (Tom Eckman), and
– NEEA (Dave Kresta)
• Kick-off meeting by end of Feb
• Anticipate bi-weekly meetings for several months, then
monthly
• Contact Dave Kresta ([email protected]) if interested in
participating by Feb 17th
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Study Design
• Lab tests of Voltex at 200 cfm to confirm performance
estimates
• Same study design as for other HPWH – here’s the review:
• Three primary data collection areas
– Hot Water Consumption
– Space Conditioning Interaction (model inputs)
– In-field COP
• Study Dates
– Site/Participant recruitment
• Program participants through 3/31/2013
• Overlap of site selection across data collection areas expected
– Study data collection period: 6/1/2013 – 5/31/2014
• Installation of monitoring equipment would occur well before
6/1/2013
– Provisional UES Sunset Date: 12/31/2014
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Study Area: Hot Water Consumption
• Data Collected
– Monthly hot water consumption (gallons)
• Sample
– 200 sites
• Random/representative sample of program participants
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Study Area: Space Heat Interaction
• Data Collected
– Unheated Buffer Space-to-House UA
– Unheated Buffer Space estimate of internal gains
(equipment audit)
• Sample
– 50 sites
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Study Area: In-Field COP
• Data Collected
–
–
–
–
Hot water consumption (gallons)
Unheated Buffer Space-to-House UA
Unheated Buffer Space estimate of internal gains (equipment audit)
HPWH energy consumption
• Compressor and Fan
• Electric resistance
– ΔT of water delivered
– Ambient temperature
– For tier 2 (assumes constant speed fan):
• Two-time measurement of
– airflow
– incoming air temperature
• Sample
– 75 sites
• Site selections weighted by program occurrence of HPWH model, installation location,
and heating zone.
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Measure Checklist
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Discussion
• Installation specification
• Installations with larger airflows?
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Motion to Adopt
“I _________ move that the RTF approve the
addition of Tier 2, Ducted Interior Installations
to the UES for Heat Pump Water Heaters under
provisional status with a sunset date of
December 31st, 2014.”
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