Transcript Hindi 1: lesson 3b स्वास््य svāsthya nm. health (Sanskrit) संयुक्त अक्षर saṃyukt akṣar conjunct characters.

Hindi 1: lesson 3b
स्वास््य
svāsthya nm. health (Sanskrit)
संयुक्त अक्षर saṃyukt akṣar
conjunct characters
संयुक्त अक्षर conjunct characters
• We will follow the book looking at the ways
in which characters can take forms which
show that they are not followed by the
inherent ‘a’ sound in a Hindi consonant.
• We will look at the different varieties.
• You don’t have to remember them all!
• You just need to see how the most
common conjunct characters look like
आपका घर X में है?
• Walk around showing each other the
paper on which you have written where
you live and try to read what is on the
other persons paper and then say:
• आपका घर [place] में है? āpkā ghar X mẽ hai?
• and reply (if they are right):
• मेरा घर बुककट बटोह में है। merā ghar X mẽ hai
• if they are wrong tell them so and the
correct pronunciation of the place name
First group क ka & फ pha/fa
•Drop hook on right side
क्या kyā what
मुफ़्त muft free
Second group: ख ख kha etc.
•Drop vertical stroke on right side
ख ग
घ
च ज त थ ध
kha ga gha ca ja ta
ब
भ य
ba bha ya
tha dha pa
ल व श ष स
la
प
va śa ṣa sa
Third group: the nasal consonants
ङ ṅa ञ ña ण ṇa न na and म ma
•
•
•
•
Mostly a dot above headstroke
ङ ञ dot above, पंखा paṅkhā nm. fan
ण dot or half, अण्डा / अंडा aṇḍā nm. egg
न dot or half, सुंदर / सुन्दर sundar
beautiful
• म dot or half, चम्मच cammac nm.
spoon
• See textbook for details of common
practices in relation to म and न
Fourth group: rounded characters:
ट ṭa ठ ṭha ड ḍa ढ ḍha द da and ह ha
• Can pile on top of each other
चचट्ठी or
चचट्ठी ciṭṭhī nf. letter.
छु ट्टी or
छु ट्टी
chuṭṭī nf. holiday.
लड्डू or
लड्डू
laḍḍū nm. laddu
कद्दू or
कद्दू kaddū nm. pumpkin
• ह ha characters combine inside (rare)
चचह्न
ब्राह्मण
or
चिह्न
cihn
brāhmaṇ
nm. sign.
nm. Brahman.
Exceptions
• Have distinct shapes when combined, for instance:
क्ष
क्र
त्र
ज्ञ
क् +ष
परीक्षा parīkṣā nf.
examination
क् +र
कक्रया kriyā
nf.
action, verb
त्+र
चमत्र mitr
nm. / nf.
friend
ज्+ञ
ज्ञान jñān
nm.
knowledge, wisdom
क्त
श्र
क् +त
भक्त bhakt
nm.
devotee
श्+र
श्री
hon.
Mr. (also nf. the goddess
Lakṣmī)
k+ṣa
k+ra
t+ra
j+ña
(‘gya’)
k+ta
ś+ra
śrī
भारतीय जगहों के नाम
Names of Indian places
• Activity: You will be given a map of North
India. The aim is to find place names on it
which have conjunct characters in them.
Working as groups
• Group 1: Uttar Pradesh
• Group 2: Madhya Pradesh & Chattisgarh
• Group 3: West Bengal and Bangladesh
• Group 4: Rajasthan, Haryana, Panjab
• Group 5: Himachal, Uttaranchal, Nepal
• Groups share their findings with the class.
जागरण याहू टॉप पााँच top five
• Activity: you will be given the top five
listings from the Jagaran Yahoo India site.
• We will work as four groups.
• Group 1: what are the top films?
• Group 2: what are the top songs?
• Group 3: what are the top albums?
• Group 4: what are the other Hindi words?
• Groups share their findings with the class.
सन
ु ना और समझना
Listening Comprehension
• We will listen to a passage
• Then you have to write down the answers
to some questions about the passage
• Then we will discuss as a class what the
possible answers might be.