Introduction to Computer Graphics CS 445 / 645

David Brogan [email protected]

Class Web Page

http://www.cs.virginia.edu/~gfx/Courses

• • Class lectures posted Assignments distributed

Instructor/TA Coordinates

• David Brogan –

Olsson 216

–

[email protected]

• Julian Dymacek –

Olsson 233

–

[email protected]

Prerequisites

• CS 216 – You will be writing programs –

Non-trivial data structures, pointers

• An ability to learn a programming library on your own –

OpenGL

• Comfortable with matrix algebra and calculus –

Basic linear algebra used

Text

• Computer Graphics with OpenGL –

Third Edition

–

Hearn and Baker

Work

• Five programming assignments (50%) –

C/C++ using OpenGL, GLUT, and UI libraries

–

Source will be read and documentation is req’d

• Three homework assignments (10%) –

Intended to support lecture material

• Midterm and Final (20% each)

Honor Code

• Specific honor code instructions will be provided with each assignment • • When in doubt… –

Don’t use resources other than class notes and textbook

Typically… –

Using examples from the web is a great way to learn and it is encouraged… reference what you use

• Never –

Share code with another student or debug code together

Topics

• Core graphics pipeline –

Modeling transformation, viewing transformation, hidden surface removal, illumination / shading / textures, scan conversion / clipping

• OpenGL • Morphing, curves and surfaces, animation • Not a course about graphic design, using graphics tools like PhotoShop or Maya

Impact of Computers

Moore’s Law Power of a CPU doubles every 18 months / 2 years

Impact of Video Games (Nvidia)

Number of transistors on GPU doubles each 6 mos.

• Three times Moore’s Law –

Good article on Jen-Hsun Huang, Nvidia CEO: http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/10.07/Nvidia_pr.html

Col. Steve Austin

Worldwide revenues

$7 Billion Man $5.6 Billion Man Retro flashback???

Lee Majors

Impact of Video Games

But…

• • • Video game sales is roughly same as Hollywood box office Americans bought $3.2 billion in VCRs and DVDs in 2002 Total revenues to movie studios is 5 times total video game revenues

Future of Consoles

• 33 million PS2s (in 2002) • 3.9 million Xboxes (in 2002) –

MSFT still losing lots of $$ per console

• Predicted 200 million PDA/Cell game players in 2005 –

Do you believe it?

Graphics Applications

Entertainment: Cinema

Pixar: Monster’s Inc.

Square: Final Fantasy

Entertainment

Final Fantasy

(Square, USA)

Entertainment

A Bug’s Life

(Pixar)

Graphics Applications

Medical Visualization

MIT: Image-Guided Surgery Project

Graphics Applications

Everyday Use

• • • Microsoft’s Whistler OS will use graphics seriously Graphics visualizations and debuggers Visualize complex software systems

Everyday use

Everyday use

Window system and large-screen interaction metaphors

(François Guimbretière)

Graphics Applications

Scientific Visualization

Scientific Visualization

Airflow around a Harrier Jet

(NASA Ames)

Graphics Applications

Computer Aided Design (CAD)

Graphics Applications

Training

Designing Effective Step-By-Step Assembly Instructions

(Maneesh Agrawala et. al)

Graphics Applications

Entertainment: Games

GT Racer 3 Polyphony Digital: Gran Turismo 3, A Spec

Games

Circus Atari

(Atari)

Education

Outside In

(Geometry Center, University of Minnesota)

The Basics

Computer graphics: generating 2D images of a 3D world represented in a computer.

Main tasks:

•

modeling

: (shape) creating and representing the geometry of objects in the 3D world •

rendering

: (light, perspective) generating 2D images of the objects •

animation

: (movement) describing how objects change in time

Why Study Computer Graphics?

Graphics is cool

• • I like to see what I’m doing I like to show people what I’m doing

Graphics is interesting

• Involves

simulation

, AI,

algorithms

,

architecture

…

I’ll never get an Oscar for my acting

• But maybe I’ll get one for my CG special effects

Graphics is fun

Can we learn from history?

Among the studies of natural causes and laws, it is light that most delights its students. Among all the great branches of mathematics, the certainty of its demonstrations pre-eminently elevates the minds of its investigators. Perspective, therefore, should be preferred above all man’s discourses and disciplines. In this subject the visual rays are elucidated by means and demonstrations which derive their glory nor only from mathematics but also from physics; the one is adorned equally with the flowers of the other.

Leonardo da Vinci (1400’s) quoting John Pecham (1200’s)

Perspective

Machines

Leonardo Again

There are some who look at the things produced by nature through glass, or other surfaces or transparent veils. They trace outlines on the surface of the transparent medium… But such an invention is to be condemned in those who do not know how to portray things without it, no how to reason about nature with their minds… They are always poor and mean in every invention and in the composition of narratives, which is the final aim of this science

Perspective

Lorenzetti

• • Birth of the Virgin 1342

Leonardo

• • The Last Supper 1498

Shape

We Labor On… Light Stage – 2002 USC, Institute for Creative Technologies

More, more, MORE!

Sequence of advanced graphics courses at UVA: CS 446: Real Time Rendering (Dave Luebke)

• • Building interactive graphics systems (games!) Right now and Fall 2005

CS 447: Image Synthesis (Greg Humphreys)

• • Modeling light and materials (Rendering) Fall 2004

CS 448: Animation (me)

• • Modeling movement Spring 2005