Transcript ASER Pakistan A citizen led initiative Azad Jammu and Kashmir Launch February 7, 2013

ASER Pakistan
A citizen led initiative
Azad Jammu and Kashmir Launch
February 7, 2013
ASER PAKISTAN 2010-2015
•
Citizen led large scale national household
survey (3-16)
•
Quality of education in rural and some
urban areas (5-16)
•
Seeks to provide evidence on learning and
access gaps
•
Influence National & Provincial policy and
actions for RTE.
•
Provides information for tracking trends
and MDG/EFA Targets up to 2015
•
Influence Goal Setting for Post-2015
Agenda
Section I: Scale of Survey
ASER 2012 – SAMPLE DISTRIBUTION
- 10 Districts
- 5885
Households
- 15,261 Children
- 551 Schools
Section II: Access (Schooling)
ASER Survey Sheets
Pre-School Enrollment (3-5 Years) – Rural
% Children who attend different types of pre-schools
Age
group
Govt.
3
Non-state providers
Pvt.
Madrasah
Others
Out-ofschool
4.6
6.1
0.2
0.0
89.1
100
4
20.5
24.6
0.4
0.1
54.4
100
5
44.8
37.5
0.2
0.2
17.4
100
3-5
23.8
23.0
0.3
0.1
52.8
100
52.8
100
Total
By type
47.2
50.5
48.8
0.5
Total
0.2
Neelam has the highest number of out-of-school children
Enrollment (6-16 years)
 93% of 6-16 year olds in rural
districts are enrolled in schools.
 64% are enrolled in Govt. schools.
% Children in different types of schools
% Out-of-school
Total
Age
group
Govt
.
Pvt.
Non-state providers
Madrasah
Others
Never
Dropenrolled
out
6-10
56.3
38.2
0.4
0.2
4.2
0.7
100
11-13
63.1
30.1
0.8
0.2
2.6
3.2
100
14-16
61.3
23.5
0.6
0.4
5.1
9.1
100
6-16
59.3
32.4
0.6
0.2
4.1
3.4
100
Total
By type 64.1
92.5
35.0
0.6
7.5
100
0.3
Highest drop-outs
between age bracket (14-16)
Out-of-School children (6-16)
Class-wise enrollment
2011*
2012
% Children
40
30
20
10
15
6
13
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Class
Bagh, Sodhnoti and Bhimber have the lowest number of
out-of-school children (6-16)
Gender Comparison: Out of School Children (6-16 years)
 Girl enrollment lags behind boy enrollment in both Government and
Private schools
 The percentage of out-of-school boys and girls decreased to 4% in 2012
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Boys
Out-of-school children by gender
6 to 16 years
Girls
Boys
58
55
45
Government schools
42
Private schools
% Children
% Children
Enrollment by gender and type of school
6 to 16 years
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Girls
6
5
4
4
2011*
2012
Section III: Quality
ASER Pakistan Assessment Tools Grade II
ASER Assessment tools are prepared in following Categories
•Reading
Urdu
Sindhi
Pashto
•Arithmetic abilities
•English
Learning Levels – Urdu
Children who can read story Urdu
2011*
100
% Children
 Despite
improvement since
2011, 35% children
in Class 5 cannot read
Class 2 Urdu Story.
74
80
65
60
40
20
2012
74
45
26
58
44
26
0
Class 3
Class 4
Learning levels (URDU) for AJK class 5 have increased by 7%
Class 5
Class 6
since 2011
Overall, learning levels (Urdu) improved from last year
Learning Levels (Class 5):
Urdu/Sindhi/Pashto
Learning Levels - English
Children who can read English
sentences
 Only 58% of
2011*
2012
100
% Children
Class 5 students
in AJK can read a
Class 2 level
English sentence
in 2012.
73
80
60
60
40
43
26
69
58
40
20
22
0
Class 3
Class 4
Learning levels (English) for AJK Class 5 have decreased by 2%
Class 5
Class 6
since 2011
Learning Levels (Class 5):
English
g
Learning Levels - Arithmetic
 Only 44% of
2011*
2012
100
% Children
Class 5 students
can do Class 2
Division.
Children who can do division
80
63
60
44
44
17
20
0
57
32
40
28
16
Class 3
Class 4
Class 5
Class 6
Learning levels (Arithmetic) for AJK for class 5 have remained same since 2011
Learning Levels (Class 5):
Arithmetic
Learning levels – Gender Comparison (5-16)
Learning levels by gender
Urdu
100
% Children
80
60
62
60
40
20
% Children
100
0
Girls
80
65
67
Girls
Boys
60
40
20
0
Boys
Who can read at least sentences
Who can read at least words
% Childrern
100
 In all three categories, girls marginally lag
behind boys in learning levels.
Learning levels by gender
English
Learning levels by gender
Arithmetic
80
60
57
59
Girls
Boys
40
20
0
Who can at least do subtraction
Overall, learning levels of boys continue to be higher than girls.
Learning Levels – Out-of-School Children (5-16)
 Even Out-of-School children were Tested:
Learning levels: out-of-school children
English
Learning levels: out-of-school
children Urdu
100
80
69
60
40
100
69
80
60
% Children
% Children
%Children
100
80
40
20
20
10
7
6
9
0
Beginner
Letters
Words
Sentences
Learning levels: out-of-school children
Arithmetic
Story
9
6
6
10
0
Beginner
Capital
letters
Small
letters
Words
Sentences
67
60
40
20
12
6
7
8
0
Beginner
Number
Number
Subtration
recognition recognition
1-9
10-99
• Modest percentage of out-of-school children are at beginner level in all three
categories.
Division
Learning levels Public vs. Private (5-16 boys and girls)
Learning levels by school type
Urdu
85
% Children
Government
64
51
80
80
67
54
40
62
60
51
61
64
56
63
Class 1: Can Class 3: Can Class 5: Can
read at least read at least read at least
letters
sentences
story
41
42
47
42
49
20
0
0
55
60
40
40
20
20
Private
100
89
80
60
Private
100
% Children
100
Government
Private
Learning levels by school type
Arithmetic
% Children
Government
Learning levels by school type
English
0
Class 1: Can Class 3: Can Class 5: Can
read at least read at least read at least
small letters
words
sentences
Class 1: Can Class 3: Can at Class 5: Can at
recognize at
least do
least do
least numbers subtraction
division
(10-99)
49% of Class 5 students in Private school can do division
compared to 42% students in Government schools
Private school students are performing better than
Government school students.
Additional learning support – Paid Tuition

Children attending paid tuition
Class-wise % children attending paid tuition
Government schools
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
Govt.
9.4
10
8.2
9.6
12
10.5
9.1
8.7
7.9
8.4
Pvt.
22.7
18.5
17.1
17.8
21.7
22.7
20.8
23.2
23.9
28.9
Private schools
100
% Children
Type
80
60
40
20
14
7
20
9
0
2011*
2012
There is highest incidence of tuition in Class 10 students in Private schools with 29%
9% Government and 20% Private enrolled children take paid tuitions in AJK.
Paid private tuition trend is higher in Private schools.
Section IV: School Attendance
& Facilities
Attendance - Students and Teachers
Attendance (%) on the day of visit
Government schools
Private schools
Primary
Elementary
High
Others
Overall
Primary
Elementary
High
Others
Overall
Children
attendance
86.6
89.0
87.5
98.9
87.7
88.2
86.2
89.4
79.9
87.7
Teacher
attendance
86.9
84.9
89.0
92.2
87.6
84.0
89.8
85.3
88.2
86.7
 12% children were absent on the day of
survey in both Government and Private schools
Teacher attendance in both Government and
Private schools was 12% and 13% respectively.
Multi-Grade Classes
•40% grade 2 students in government
Multi grade teaching
Government
schools and 28% grade 2 students in
private schools sit with other classes.
100
% Schools
• However, for Class 8, 19% students in
Private schools sit with other classes
compared to 15% in Government schools.
Private
80
60
40
40
28
15
20
19
0
Class 2
Class 8
Multi-Grade Teaching: When one teacher has to teach more than one classes at a time
Basic Facilities
Water and toilet facility in primary schools
2012
2011
% Primary schools
100
74
80
60
40
82
42
50
57
81
57
36
20
%Primary schools
2011
Playground and boundary wall facility
in primary schools
100
80
53
60
40
20
28
39
Toilet
Water
Government
Toilet
Water
Private
34
38
38
36
19
0
Playground
0
2012
Boundary
wall
Government
Playground
Boundary
wall
Private
64% primary Government schools still do not have toilet facilities.
43% primary Private schools still do not have toilet facilities.
Private schools outperform government schools in terms of
basic facilities
Section V: Other dimensions that
influence teaching and learning
Mother tongue/ Home Language
• ASER 2012 survey findings revealed that 15 different languages
were used in the surveyed households in AJK.
• Four languages used commonly were;
• Hindko (34%)
• Pahari (21%)
• Urdu (15%)
• Punjabi (15%)
• Fifteen percent of the remaining households used other
languages
Other Languages included : Gujrati, Potwari, Kashmiri, Persion , Pashto, Brahvi,
English, Marwari, Bolari and Chitrali
Households’ preferred medium of
instruction in school
Actual Medium of Instruction
(Schools)in schools
Medium of instruction
Government
100
80
Private
97
Urdu
70%
68
60
32
40
20
Preferred Medium of Instruction
(Households)
Home
language
17%
English
13%
3
0
English
•
•
•
Urdu
Each household surveyed was also asked their preferred medium of instruction for their children
in schools.
70% percent of the households preferred Urdu as the medium of instruction in schools.
Private schools showed a significant trend towards English medium instruction at 68% English
Medium institutions.
For households, preferred medium of instruction was Urdu.
Parental Education
48% mothers vs.64% fathers have completed primary education.
 More than half of mothers had NOT completed primary schooling.
Parents having at least primary schooling
100
% Parents
80
60
64
48
40
20
0
Mothers
Fathers
Section VI: How far have we come on
RTE compliance?
How can ASER 2012 inform the planning, drafting, resourcing
and implementation of 25-A?
 ASER can help assess education with respect to :
Quality
Access
Equity
Planning according to district based assessment – generating District Report
Cards (DRCs) linked to the Roadmap to Reforms and/or Sector Plans of the
Provincial Governments .
 Holding ASER Baithaks in ASER survey villages, parents, communities with
parliamentarians and political holding ALL to account for ACTION!
Use of ASER data and teams for focusing on gender & the excluded groups
Forming District RTE Vigilante Committees mobilizing coalitions, teachers,
youth, media and bar associations.
Action to RTE 25 A Implementation
• Milestone achievement: “The Right to Free and Compulsory
Education Act 2012” - challenge is tracking implementation
• ASER data to help in drafting of RTE Acts & using ASER
data for continued advocacy on Right to Education (RTE) 25 A
• Each province has district by district data for addressing gaps in
access, quality, equity/gender and financing
• Continued Dialogues with Parliamentarians and Politicians in
2013 for elections, manifestoes and actionable steps that can be
tracked
• Linking the ASER information to national data and GMR /UN
Human Development Reports /others in the run up to 2015 &
post 2015 debates
ASER 2012 Supporters & Partners
Thank You
You can follow us on
www.aserpakistan.org
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