Transcript Access 2005, Edmonton The library and the network: flattening the library and turning it inside out Lorcan Dempsey Access 2005 Edmonton 19 October 2005

Access 2005, Edmonton
The library
and the
network:
flattening the library
and
turning it inside out
Lorcan Dempsey
Access 2005
Edmonton
19 October 2005
Access 2005, Edmonton
Overview
Access 2005, Edmonton
Access 2005, Edmonton
Access 2005, Edmonton
Access 2005, Edmonton
Access 2005, Edmonton
Access 2005, Edmonton
Access 2005, Edmonton
Access 2005, Edmonton
Full
Text
SQL
XML
Vocabulary A
Vocabulary B
Vocabulary C
SRW/U
REST
SOAP
Protocol
Protocol
Protocol
Terminology Services
Architecture
3
Web
Service
• Registration
2
• Query translation
• Markup translation
• Authentication / Authorization
1
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Some context
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A flat world:
coordinates adapted from Friedman
A digital platform
Computation and communication
Reduced friction in workflows
‘Web services’ – communicating applications
Streamlined logistics and supply chain
Flow
Distributed global deep collaboration and sourcing
Processes assembled based on cost and efficiency
Vertical intra-organizational assembly moves to
horizontal interorganizational assembly
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A digital platform
Reduced friction
in workflows
Deep collaboration
and sourcing
 The web is the information space
 Amazoogle defines what is ‘onweb’
 The texting generation
 Rip, mix and burn
 Network workflows emerging to
help manage time spent in network
 The library has to be in those
workflows
 Flattening requires more fluid
communications – cf ILL
 Zero sum funding and …
 … growing requirements
 Collaborative/sourced processes.
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Search engine
PDAs
Flow and flattening:
the library in the user environment,
learning management systems
Not the user in the library environment.
campus portal
Personal
environments
course material
text book
RSS aggregator
library
user environments
resource environment
reading
lists
Virtual
reference
Flattening and flow:
Flexible assembly of services from multiple sources.
Aggregations
Digital collections
Institutional repository
E-reserve
Catalog
Cataloging,
ILL
Licensed
collections
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Turning
libraries
inside out
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In the flow
Search
Social networking
So …
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In the user *-flow




Workflow
Learnflow
Commuteflow
Lifeflow
 Research flow e.g.
See Cliff’s talk
 Personal collections and
citation chaining
 Integration of
data and literature
 Repository deposit
in workflow

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Example: developing metasearch
 2 nice presentations at the NISO OpenURL and Metasearch
meeting
http://www.niso.org/news/events_workshops/OpenURL-05Agen-FINAL.html
“The aim is to provide service which fits into patterns of
user behavior and abstracts away from the boundaries of
database providers. The focus was on putting data where
it was useful. The focus was not on putting the user in
front of a 'one-stop-shop' which is how metasearch often
seems to be presented. Both presentations also usefully
see metasearch as a part only of a wider system of
services which discover, locate, request and deliver
resources of interest.” LD
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Innovative Uses of
Metasearch:
Rethinking Metasearch for a
Better User Experience
David Lindahl & Jeff
Suszczynski, U Rochester
 ‘2 clicks to full-text’
 Integrate ‘find articles’
service with other services
 ‘Variety of pathways’
 Metasearch appropriate
databases from course
pages
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Doing More with Metasearch
The Metalib X-Server.
David Walker, Calstate San
Marcos
0
Z39.5
XML
Metalib
MARC
Federated Search Engine,
hosted at the Chancellor’s
Office.
en
UR
L-
XM
L
Xe
rx
e
HT
Circuit
s
Cus
to
L
M
Database of San Diego area academic
library collections.
mX
ML
S
RS
Library Catalog
Database of local book, media, and journal
holdings, as well as print and media reserve
Reserves Harvester
Gathers and combines reserves from
catalog and Eres.
m
sto
Cu
L
XM
 ‘Integrate
library content into
other campus systems’
 ‘Centerpiece of a web
services oriented
infrastructure’
 Data presented
nicely – what is is and
how available.
Op
MA
RC
-
OpenURL link server, hosted
at the Chancellor’s Office
XM
L
SFX
E-Res
Database of electronic reserves.
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More prefabricated
workflows
Gather -- create -- share
Flecker and McLean. DLF paper
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Elgg :: Personal Learning Landscape
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Experiment …
 What would your services be like if the only UIs
you could use were services on this page?
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Everything is in three generations:
library protocols


Generation one

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Z39.50, ISO-ILL, …
S2S
Library niche
Generation three:
intrastructure

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Generation two
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OpenURL, OAI-PMH, NCIP,
SRU, …
B2B
Web services idiom
Leverage G2 infrastructure:
lightweight services on top
of SRU/OpenURL/OAI
RESTful
COinS
Bridges to generic
approaches and desktop
frameworks




RSS
Research pane
Bookmarklets
Widgets
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Inside out:

Disembedding from traditional settings and re-embedding at
the point of need

What services where?
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Discovering
Linking
Gathering
Annotating
Depositing
Creating
Asking

Questions
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Levels of engagement:
Satisfiction and conviction
Different grades of
experience and intersection
Brand and presence
A one-stop shop is a one-shop stop!
Flattening to allow flow …
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Flattening
libraries
 Long tail diseconomies
 Process sourcing:
a new era of cooperation
and sourcing
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The long tail
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Compare libraries and network hubs

Aggregation of supply

Systemwide transaction
costs?

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Systemwide ‘Intentional’
data?

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Improve service
Value added services over
unified resource?
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Discover – locate – request –
deliver – mix
Compare Metasearch?
Aggregation of demand?


Connect anybody with what
they want?
Google 5 analysis –
rareness is common
 Every user his/her book.
 Every book his/her user.
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Long tail and libraries?
 Find systemwide levels for
Supply: Consolidation of data,
services, innovation
 Demand: maximize use of
resources (cf OhioLink)

 US – unverifed
figures
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13K public and
academic
libraries
2.16B items
1.97B
circulations
20% of items
circulate
ILLs represent
1.7% of total
circulations
Rareness is
common (G5
paper)
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Process: “The vertical library”
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“Library flattening”
Collaboratively
sourced
Sourced
Third party
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Sourcing decisions
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Cataloging
Resource sharing
A&I
Virtual reference
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‘Data substrate’
Collective collection (used and
usable collections)
Services
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Digitization
Preservation
Annnotation, re-use, ..
Data aggregation and
mining
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Counter, circ, holdings, …
Recommender
Database of intentions, D3M
Syndication: to search
engines and others
Registry&directory
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Environment intelligence
OCKHAM
JISC IESR
OCLC Resolver
Registry
Collections
Libraries
Licenses
Terms, schema
Services
Institutions
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Sourcing patterns

Mobilize capacity of libraries
through shared infrastructure
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Institutional
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Enterprise systems
Research and learning
infrastructure
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Jurisdictional
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California Digital Library
DEFF
JISC, SURF?
Third party

Consortial
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
(RLG, OCLC), OCUL, …
Vendor
Issues
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It is impossible for all
libraries to do everything ..
‘Vertical’ structures
entrenched – within and
between institutions
Lack of
architecture/business
process models
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So ….
 Turning libraries inside out: The library needs to
be where the the user is – on the network
 Flattening: The library will look towards
systemwide efficiencies in organization by
consolidating data, services and innovation at
appropriate levels. Through what structures?
 Ecology of (web) services: in each case, the
library will work with a growing number of service
platforms, and will need to stitch them together
effectively.
Access 2005, Edmonton
Thank you ..
OCLC Research
http://www.oclc.org/research
http://orweblog.oclc.org