Week 4: Hemocytometry • • • • Hemocytometer RBC and WBC Thoma pipet Unopette • Dilution problem • Microscopy Red Cell and White Cell Counts • RBC problem: anemia, polycythemia • WBC.

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Transcript Week 4: Hemocytometry • • • • Hemocytometer RBC and WBC Thoma pipet Unopette • Dilution problem • Microscopy Red Cell and White Cell Counts • RBC problem: anemia, polycythemia • WBC.

Week 4: Hemocytometry
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Hemocytometer
RBC and WBC
Thoma pipet
Unopette
• Dilution problem
• Microscopy
Red Cell and White Cell Counts
• RBC problem: anemia, polycythemia
• WBC problem: leukocytosis, leukopenia
• RBC reference ranges
• Male
4.50 - 6.00 x 106/L (x 1012/L)
• Female
3.70 - 5.20 x 106/L (x 1012/L)
• WBC reference range
• Both
5.0 - 10.0 x 103/L (x 109/L)
Diluting Fluid
• For RBC
• Physiologic saline (0.8% NaCl)
• Hayem’s solution
• Reese-Ecker
• For WBC
• 3% Acetic acid
• 0.1 N HCl
Thoma Pipet
• RBC
• Aspirate to 0.5 or 1.0
• Dilute to 101
• DF = 200 or 100
• WBC
• Aspirate to 0.5 or 1.0
• Dilute to 11
• DF = 20 or 10
• Discard volume of one (1)
in the stem
Improved Neubauer Hemocytometer
Hemocytometer Chamber
• Depth = 0.1 mm
• Grids
• RBC use 5 small squares
in the center large square
• WBC use 4 corner large
squares
• Unopette for WBC use all
9 large squares
Hemocytometer
Chamber
Counting Rule
• Do not count cells touching
• Bottom line
• Right line
RBC Example…
• Aspirate blood to 0.5, then dilute to 101
• DF = 200
• Counted 500 erythrocytes in 5 small squares
RBC = 500 rbc x 25 Sm Sq x DF (200)
5 Sm Sq
0.1 mm3
= 5.00 x 106/mm3 (L)
WBC Example…
• Aspirate blood to 0.5, then dilute to 11
• DF = 20
• Counted 160 leukocytes in 4 large squares
WBC = 160 wbc x 1 Lg Sq x DF (20)
4 Lg Sq
0.1 mm3
= 8.0 x 103/mm3 (L)
Unopette
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Self-contained reservoir and 20 L pipet
Ammonium oxalate diluent
DF = 100
Count leukocytes in all 9 large squares
Special formula to facilitate calculation
Unopette
Unopette WBC Example…
• Counted 70 leukocytes in 9 large squares
• Add 10% of count
• Multiply by DF
WBC = (70 wbc + 7 wbc) x DF (100)
mm3
= 7.7 x 103/mm3 = 7.7 x 109/L
Compound
Microscope
• Ocular (adjustable
binocular)
• Mechanical stage
• Condenser
• Objectives (parfocal)
Care of Microscopes
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Carry with care
Protect long objective lens
Clean and disinfect stage
Wipe oil off OIL
Save lamp life