Transcript Global Health Cluster Orientation Package Module 1: The Background and Principles of the Humanitarian Reform.

Global Health Cluster
Orientation Package
Module 1:
The Background and Principles of the
Humanitarian Reform
Module 1: Learning Objectives
On completion of this module participants will have
a good understanding of:
• The background and purpose of the
humanitarian reform
• The principles behind the humanitarian
reform
• The objectives of the humanitarian reform
The Health Cluster Guide
The Global Health Cluster has developed a
practical guide for country-level implementation of
the Health Cluster
Available in English and French:
www.who.int/hac/global_health_cluster/guide
• online
• hard copy
• CD/ROM
Current context:
is complex and changing
UNDAC
Affected
WHO
OSSOCDonor
Population
O
Govt’s
Affected
C
Government
ICRC U H
National
NHumanitarian
A
HCR
Red
DCoordinator
G
M
P
Cross
en
UNICEF
EUSAID/
CIMIC
ev
DDART
MIL
a
I
IFRC WFP
National
Ambassadors
A
military
CEDERA
PNSs NGOs
NGOs IGOs
•
More natural disasters
•
Fewer new wars, but more
long standing complex
conflicts
•
Fewer refugees, but more
internally displaced
persons
•
More humanitarian actors
The need for the Humanitarian
Reform
The Humanitarian Response Review
(2005) found:
• Well-known and long-standing
gaps
• Unpredictable response capacity
• Poor coordination and a
proliferation of partnerships
• Insufficient accountability
• Inconsistent donor policies
Who is involved?
IASC
Inter-Agency Standing Committee
UN (full members)
WHO
UNDP
UNHCR
FAO
UNFPA
WFP
UNICEF
In practice, there is no
difference made between
full members and
standing invitees)
Others (Standing Invitees)
OHCHR
World Bank
ICRC & IFRC
UNSG IDP
IOM,
ICVA
SCHR
InterAction
Major NGOs
The 3 Pillars of the Humanitarian Reform
Strengthening
Humanitarian
Coordination
Strengthening
Humanitarian
Financing
Effective
leadership and
coordination in
humanitarian
emergencies
Adequate, timely
and flexible
financing
The Cluster
Approach
Adequate capacity
and predictable
leadership in all
sectors
Built on strong and consistent PARTNERSHIPS between
UN and non-UN actors
Strengthening Humanitarian Coordination
Need for:
• A more effective humanitarian coordination system
with more strategic leadership and coordination
• The appointment of appropriately qualified and
experienced Humanitarian Coordinators
• A roster of experienced Humanitarian Coordinators
• Professional development for Humanitarian
Coordinators
Strengthening Humanitarian Financing
Need for:
• Predictable & timely funding
• Diversity and complementarity of various funding
mechanisms
• Equitable and transparent funding modalities for
UN and non - UN agencies
• Strategies and channels for disbursement of
funding which does not inhibit, and is not
detrimental, to partnerships
The Cluster Approach
Aims to:
• Identify and address gaps
• Strengthen humanitarian partnerships
• Ensure predictability and accountability by
clarifying the division of labour among agencies,
and making the humanitarian community more
accountable
Cluster Lead Agencies
1. Health
2. Nutrition
3. WASH
4. Emergency Shelter
5. Camp Coordination & Management
6. Education
7. Agriculture
8. Protection
9. Early Recovery
10. Logistics
11. Emergency
12. Telecoms
WHO
UNICEF
UNICEF
UNHCR & IFRC
UNHCR & IOM
UNICEF & SCUK
FAO
UNHCR
UNDP
WFP
OCHA
UNICEF, WFP
The key objectives of the
Humanitarian Reform
To ensure:
1. Sufficient humanitarian response
capacity through enhanced leadership,
accountability and predictability
2. Adequate, timely and flexible funding
3. Improved humanitarian coordination and
leadership
4. More effective partnership between UN
and non UN humanitarian actors
The cluster approach is based on
building effective partnerships
The Principles of Partnership
• Equality
• Transparency
• Result-oriented approach
• Responsibility
• Complementarity
The Challenges to Partnership
Conflicting
mandates
Accessing
funding
Limited capacity
building
potential
Limited
opportunities
for participation
april 2010
Difficulty
representing
diverse NGO
interests
Conflicting
accountabilities
Conflict of
interest
Perceived
duplication
in coordination
Preferred agency
independence
Inconsistent
agency
engagement
Inclusiveness &
participation
versus need
for action
15
Effective Partnerships
Are essential and will need:
• A change in mind set
• A change in how the humanitarian
community works together
• Putting beneficiary needs ahead of
organisational needs
No single agency can cover
all humanitarian needs
Summary
• Humanitarian Reform aims to improve
predictability, timeliness, effectiveness of
the response and to pave the way for
recovery efforts
• Government remains in the lead: the cluster
approach builds on national and local
capacities, not replaces
Module 1: Key Messages (1)
Humanitarian Reform aims at improving the
predictability, timeliness and effectiveness of the
response to the humanitarian crisis
Module 1: Key Messages (2)
Humanitarian Reform is based on five
Principles of Partnership:
 Equality
 Transparency
 Result orientated approach
 Responsibility
 Complementarity
Module 1: Key Messages (3)
• Humanitarian reform is an IASC led reform
with input and support from all humanitarian
actors
No longer reform but the way
we work together
Resources
Health Cluster Guide
www.who.int/hac/global_health_cluster/guide
Humanitarian Reform
www.humanitarianreform.org
Global Humanitarian Platform
www.globalhumanitarianplatform.org
Discussion & Questions