Transcript It’s their cloud, not yours! Paul Walk [email protected] @paulwalk http://www.paulwalk.net contents • residents & visitors • bring your own everything • approaches to personalisation • emerging issues • the.

It’s their cloud, not yours!
Paul Walk
[email protected]
@paulwalk
http://www.paulwalk.net
contents
• residents & visitors
• bring your own everything
• approaches to personalisation
• emerging issues
• the personal cloud: a glimpse at a future
• how do we respond?
residents &
visitors
Web-users are either residents or visitors
• a new way of framing types of users conceived by David White (Oxford
University)
• “We found that our students could not be usefully categorised as Digital Natives
or Digital Immigrants. i.e. This distinction does not help guide the
implementation of technologies it simply provides the excuse that “some people
‘just don’t get it’ which is why your new approach has failed so badly…”
• “In effect the Resident has a presence online which they are constantly
developing while the Visitor logs on, performs a specific task and then logs off.”
http://tallblog.conted.ox.ac.uk/index.php/2008/07/23/not-natives-immigrants-but-visitors-residents/
bring your own
everything
bring your own device?
bring your own infrastructure!
approaches to
personalisation
“It's Not Information
Overload. It's Filter Failure”
Clay Shirky, 2008
building better filters
library activity data
• The University of Huddersfield Library
• “We have collected 3.9 million library
circulation records over 15 years.”
• “If you do not use the library, you are
over seven times more likely to drop
out of your degree. 7.19 to be
precise."
http://www.jisc.ac.uk/publications/reports/2012/activity-data-delivering-benefits.aspx
Local context, expressed as activity data
• analytics are fashionable
• evidence-based service
provision is the goal
• highly responsive service
delivery is something to aim
for
• predictive analytics are the
holy grail
http://www.jisc.ac.uk/publications/reports/2012/activity-data-delivering-benefits.aspx
Jerome: axes of personalisation
• Where?
• which campus do you study on? Which library do you want to use? how far
from the University do you live? Are you a distance learner/researcher?
• Who?
• are you a student? Undergraduate or postgrad? Or a member of staff?
Teaching- or research-focused [or both]? Or maybe you’re one of our
Associate Readers or a visitor to the Library?
• What?
• which subject(s) do you study/teach/research, within which of the
University’s faculties?
• http://jerome.blogs.lincoln.ac.uk/
emerging issues:
accuracy,
privacy, control
poor characterisations of individual users
• current recommender systems do not work so well, especially when the context
is broad. Within a single, focussed application, they can be made to work, but not
across the internet
• data is gathered anonymously and from poorly differentiated contexts
• this adds up to what Eli Pariser, in The Filter Bubble, calls:
•“a bad theory of you”
cookies
From the Wall Street
Journal’s What do
they Know About You?
"The one site that installed the most was Dictionary.com. A
visit to Dictionary.com resulted in 234 trackers being
installed on our test computer [...] the vast majority of the
trackers (200 out of 234) were installed by companies
that the person visiting the site probably had never heard
of."
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=129298003
privacy, control & the Facebook experiment
• we gain personalised services at the expense of the possibility of having any
control over what we’re willing to reveal
• the regular “mistakes” made by Facebook have all eroded the user’s control
over their privacy in the system by making it very, very hard to understand
• contract of adhesion - “a contract between parties of greatly unequal
bargaining power....”
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Kessler
• but - this is not the internet, it’s just one application. Facebook will fade....
• the world is experimenting with privacy
uncoordinated personalisation everywhere
• the only place this can really be coordinated in a future-proof way is by the
client
• either acting directly as a user
• or
• through some proxy which is instructed and trusted by the user
• attention (data) is a valuable currency
expectations are changing - VRM
• from Customer Relationship Manager (CRM) to Vendor Relationship
Management (VRM)
• Principles of VRM
• Customers must enter relationships with vendors as independent actors
• Customers must be the points of integration for their own data
• Customers must have control of data they generate and gather. This means
they must be able to share data selectively and voluntarily
• Customers must be able to assert their own terms of engagement
• Customers must be free to express their demands and intentions outside of
any one company's control
• http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/projectvrm/Main_Page
the personal
cloud: a glimpse
at a future
The Personal Cloud will
replace the Personal
Computer as the centre of
users' digital lives by 2014
http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1947315
defining the personal cloud (1)
• those remote, digital services used by you, personally
• essentially, you have your own infrastructure, provided by a number of
suppliers
• you choose (within quite narrow constraints) which systems you use
defining the personal cloud (2)
• as for definition 1, but with the following constraints:
• data: you decide what data to store and control access to it
• apps: you decide which apps to use from which vendors and what data they
can access
• terms: you define your own terms of service for anybody interacting with the
data or the apps on your personal cloud. You can easily move your personal
cloud to a competing hosting vendor if you so desire
http://personal-clouds.org/wiki/Main_Page
VRM: fourth parties
• a new type of business on the net
• third parties who work for the user,
rather than the service provider
• the fourth party represents the user’s
interests
• in other words, an agent, or broker, or
mediator
• a new breed of companies providing
such services starting to appear
the live web
• a very different way of looking at the Web
• the Web is fundamentally based on a requestresponse paradigm
• the requests can be enriched by applying
contextual information supplied by the client under the control of the user
• mixing APIs, rules and events
• when this event happens, send this message to
this service
the future - APIs for users?
• agents which can act as the user’s persona presenting a constrained and focussed
interface to the world
• filters which learn and adapt to changing
priorities, sources & rules in a chaotic world
• a secure place for them to curate data about
themselves and their preferences
• resulting in:
• systems which use contextual information
curated by the user or by their agent, and
which deliver accurately personalised
services and recommendations
how do we
respond?
responsive (Web?) design
Image taken from the Kineo website: http://www.kineo.com/mobile-learning/responsive-e-learning-for-multi-devices.html
• designing for interaction with users through the same systems interface but on
different:
• devices (desktop & laptop computers, tablets, smart-phones, even not-sosmart phones)
• applications (‘apps’)
new patterns - notifications, trusted application...
• users have expectations about the sorts of features they
expect from online services, e.g.:
• notifications - presented in a standard way (not so
much through RSS as through dedicated apps)
• integration and ‘trust’ relationships between systems
they are already happily using - e.g. OAuth
changing attitude of institutional IT support
• BYOE is welcome opportunity for customers, unwelcome problem for staff
• What excites IT leaders in higher education most about BYOE are opportunities
to diversify and expand the teaching and learning environment, while the
greatest challenges are issues that pertain to faculty and staff use of their own
devices for work-related purposes.
• IT infrastructure is middle-ware between institution and users’
infrastructure
• Think of IT infrastructure as BYOE "middleware" — the commodities that bridge
users, their devices, and their consumer-level applications to the institution's
data, services, systems, and enterprise-level applications. IT middleware should
be robust, yet nimble.
• Eden Dahlstrom, BYOD and Consumerization of IT in Higher Education Research, 2013,
• http://www.educause.edu/ero/article/executive-summary-byod-and-consumerization-it-higher-education-research2013
serve residents & visitors
• build a picture of which of your users are residents, and which are visitors
• be mindful that users who are visitors in the library context, may be residents
elsewhere
• consider how you might reach out to the residents in their wider ‘residency’
• consider how library services (will) appear in each user’s personal ‘cloud’
turn the problem into an opportunity
• new literacies
• Those of us who work with students must guide them to build their own
personal cyberinfrastructures [...] And yes, we must be ready to receive their
guidance as well.
• Gardner Campbell, A Personal Cyberinfrastructure, http://www.educause.edu/ero/article/personalcyberinfrastructure
• we should surely embrace this empowerment of the user?
• Very few faculty or administrators are curious enough about the
Internet, or eager enough to learn about the participatory culture it
empowers, to even begin to imagine how to use or empower personal,
interactive, networked computing in meaningful, effective ways in teaching
and learning.
• Gardner Campbell http://www.educause.edu/ero/article/wild-card-character-bring-your-own-panel-discussion
implications for the library
• we need to:
• be ready to anticipate a growing demand from our users that they control
the relationship more than we
• be ready to respond to pressure to reform how user’s activities are
tracked (c.f. new ‘Cookie legislation)
• consider how our services (will) fit into each user’s personal cloud
• the library system:
• the notion of the user ‘visiting’ the library system to find resources will
become increasingly anachronistic
• browsing as a human activity will fall away, search is king for now
• over time, search will gradually become less apparent to the user too
• the ratio of software to human ‘agents’ interfacing with the LMS will shift
away from the human
thank you!
Paul Walk
[email protected]
@paulwalk
http://www.paulwalk.net
image credits
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Iphone: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Iphone_4G.jpg
Google logo: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Googlelogo.png
iCloud: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Apple_iCloud.png
Amazon: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Amazon.com-Logo.svg
Amazon Kindle: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Amazon_Kindle_logo.svg