Driven Women: The Twists and Turns of Childbirth on Women’s Career Choices By: Maribeth L.
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Transcript Driven Women: The Twists and Turns of Childbirth on Women’s Career Choices By: Maribeth L.
Driven Women:
The Twists and Turns of Childbirth on
Women’s Career Choices
By: Maribeth L. Sarnecki
December 4, 2006
Overview:
Introduction
Literature Review
Theory
Method
Findings
Discussion
Thesis
The purpose of this paper is to examine
the social choices of Saint Mary’s College
Alumnae regarding career choices made
after the birth of their first child.
Literature Review
Work Policy
FMLA
US Congress (1993)
Ruhm (1997)
Klerman and Leibowitz (1999)
Gornich, Meyers and Ross (1996)
Attitudes and Choices
Edwards (2002)
Cerkanovich, Giordano, Groat,
Pugh and Swineford (1997)
Hoffnung (2001)
Childcare
Gornich, Meyers and Ross (1996)
Kurts-Costes and Punghello
(2000)
Roles after first birth
Klerman and Leibowitz (1999)
Gornich, Meyers and Ross (1996)
Vandenheuvel (1997)
Budig and England (2001)
Feminist Theory
Betty Friedan
The Problem that has no name (1963)
Methods: Participants
308 Saint Mary’s College Alumnae contacted
form a list provided by the Saint Mary’s College
Alumnae Relations Office
Matched criteria of:
1.
2.
Graduated from Saint Mary’s College between the years of
1995 and 2005
Have given birth to at least one child since graduation
85 responses (27%)
Methods: Participant Demographics
Post Bachelors
Degree
Out of 36 responses
Religious Affiliation
Out of 80
responses
Masters
21 (63%)
Catholic
77 (96%)
MBA
2 (6%)
Catholic/Episcolian
1(1%)
MD’s
2 (6%)
Protestant
1(1%)
1(1%)
JD
2 (6%)
Methodist
Lutheran
1(1%)
Leading Occupations
Out of 77 responses
Business
10 (11%)
Education
15 (17%)
Homemaker
25 (29%)
Other
15 (17%)
Average
Age
Alumnae
Spouse
@ marriage
24.5 yrs.
26.96
yrs.
@ first
child’s birth
27.18 yrs.
29.24
yrs.
Method: Procedures
Contacted 308 Saint Mary’s College Alumnae via email who
graduated between the years of 1995 and 2005 and have
given birth to atleast one child since graduation from a list
provided by the Saint Mary’s College Alumnae Relations
Office
Online survey conducted at surveymonkey.com
Eight-five multiple choice and open-ended question
Research Question
What Social Factors impact the career
choice of Saint Mary’s College Alumnae
after the birth of their first child?
Findings: Based on Maternity Leave
Based on Maternity leave
Responded
% of 85
Alumnae employed at time of birth
74
84%
Alumnae were allowed to take of the amount of
maternity leave wanted
31
36%
Alumnae employer were flexible with the amount of time
off through maternity leave
40
47%
Alumnae employers were not flexible with their amount
of time off through maternity leave
9
10%
Maternity leave offered lasted 0-16 weeks
54
63%
Alumnae returned to work when their maternity leave
was up
36
42%
Alumnae did not return to work after their maternity
leave was up
30
35%
Alumnae are currently employed
48
56.4%
Findings: Maternity Leave
24
25
20
19
20
15
12
10
5
Maternity Leave
offered by Employer
(in weeks)
3
0
0-4 weeks 4-8 weeks
8-12
weeks
12-16
weeks
other
12.5 weeks was the average amount of time taken off for maternity leave
Findings: Working Mothers and Stay-at-Home Mothers
Deciding Factors
Deciding Factors on Returning to Work
40
39
30
17
20
15
9
10
0
Financial
Personal
Career Goals
Other
Findings: Working Mothers and Stay-at-Home Mothers
Acceptance of
Decision
Acceptance of Career Decision
100%
98.80%
100%
80%
97.30%
95%
60%
40%
20%
0%
5%
0
Spouse
Family
Accepting
1.20%
2.70%
Friends Employers
Unaccepting
Discussion
Parent/Child Relationships
Finances
Questions???