Transcript Special EB 100th anniversary of Women’s day: Bridging the gender gap in the EU EB75.1 – March 2011

Special EB
100th anniversary of
Women’s day:
Bridging the gender
gap in the EU
EB75.1 – March 2011
A. Methodology
A. Methodology
Special Eurobarometer
- Survey conducted in face-to-face at respondents’ house
- Fieldwork: 09 February – 06 March 2011
- Population: representative sample of population 15+
- Coverage: European Union 27 Member States
- Number of interviews: 26.724
B. Agenda
B. Agenda
I.
Women and decision making positions
II.
Inequalities between men and women
III.
Violence against women
I. Women and decision making positions
1. The obstacles facing women in reaching decision making
positions
Given equal qualifications and skills, do you think that the obstacles facing women in
reaching positions of responsibility are significant in each of the following areas?
(ONE ANSWER ONLY PER ITEM)
Total 'Significant'
Big companies
EU27
Women
Men
Total 'Not significant'
DK
76%
78%
72%
19%
16%
23%
5%
6%
5%
EU27
Senior levels of
public administration Women
Men
70%
73%
66%
24%
20%
28%
6%
7%
6%
Political parties
EU27
Women
Men
69%
72%
65%
25%
22%
29%
6%
6%
6%
SMEs
EU27
Women
Men
Community
organisations
EU27
Women
Men
59%
61%
56%
49%
51%
47%
33%
30%
36%
42%
39%
45%
8%
9%
8%
9%
10%
8%
2. Measures to ensure women’s access to decision making
positions
Which of the following measures do you think would be most effective in ensuring
women’s access to positions of responsibility in enterprises and high levels of
public administration?
(ONE ANSWER ONLY)
EU27
Women
Men
Encourage enterprises and public administrations to take
44%
measures to foster equality between women and men
44%
(“code of good practice”) and to fight against stereotypes
44%
30%
Encourage training and support measures to encourage
women to take more responsibilities in enterprises and at
29%
high levels of public administration
Impose quotas by law for boards of directors in enterprise
and other decision-making bodies
31%
19%
20%
18%
3. Under-representation of women in politics
Which of the following do you think are the reasons why women are underrepresented in politics? Firstly? And secondly?
(MULTIPLE ANSWERS POSSIBLE)
EU27
Women
Men
59%
61%
57%
The political world is dominated by men who do not
value the skills of women enough
40%
41%
40%
The existence of persistent stereotypes
The measures to encourage parity between women
and men in politics are ineffective
Women have little interest in this type of career/ do
not give priority to this type of career
Women are too often placed in disadvantageous
positions on electoral lists
Women get more interested in local public life than
national and European public life
The media pay less attention to women than to men
during election campaigns
28%
28%
28%
26%
25%
28%
22%
23%
21%
20%
20%
21%
15%
16%
14%
4. Measures for a better political representation of
women
According to you, which of the following would be the most effective measure to
encourage better political representation of women?
(ONE ANSWER ONLY)
EU27
Women
Men
30%
30%
30%
Putting in place training and support measures to encourage
women to take part in political life
25%
24%
27%
Parity on the electoral lists drawn up by political parties at
every election
Impose quotas by law during elections
Introducing a system of financial incentives/ penalties for
political parties to make them respect a balance between
women and men
19%
19%
18%
17%
19%
15%
5. Reasons for not participating at the next elections
What are the main reasons which would discourage you from voting at next […]
elections?
(MULTIPLE ANSWERS POSSIBLE)
European
National
Local
You have no confidence in local/national/European political
29%
representatives
34%
You feel ill-informed about the local/national/European
12%
issues
You are not interested in local/national/European politics
12%
14%
Your main concerns are not enough taken into account at
NB: There is no significant difference between men and women
19%
17%
20%
22%
local/national/European elections
DK
16%
19%
18%
17%
Your vote has no impact/ voting changes nothing
Other (SPONTANEOUS)
22%
8%
9%
9%
9%
11%
10%
40%
II. Inequalities between men and women
1. Context
 Nowadays
in the EU, 17% of women are in a precarious
situation*:
 73% of men are employed compared to 59% of women*;
 8% of men have a part time job compared to 31% of women*;
 8% of men live in a household where nobody is working compared to
10% of women*.


On average, in the EU, women earn 17% less than men**;
In the EU, 45% of people in the labour market are
women***.
* Source Eurostat 2008
** This figure was the one at the time of the survey design - November 2010 (Eurostat 2008)
*** Source Eurostat 2009
2. Main reasons for women’s precarious situation
According to you, which of the following are the main reasons for the
insecurity which women experience in the EU?
(MAX. 2 ANSWERS)
EU27
Women
Men
34%
34%
34%
The rise in one-parent families, in particular mothers
raising their children alone
34%
34%
33%
Insecure work (seasonal or temporary work, etc.)
31%
33%
30%
Career breaks and/ or part-time working due to family
obligations and the impact on the amount of pension
26%
26%
25%
The pay gap between women and men
Forced part-time working
20%
20%
20%
3. Measures to reducing the gender pay gap
According to you, which of the following measures would contribute most to reducing
the pay gap between women and men in (OUR COUNTRY)?
(ONE ANSWER ONLY)
EU27
Women
Men
29%
Encourage better distribution between women and men in
30%
all kinds of jobs (nurses, secretaries, airline pilots etc.)
29%
24%
Financial penalties for companies which do not respect
27%
equal pay between women and men
22%
24%
Genuinely transparent pay scales within companies (e.g. the
22%
annual publication of company pay scales)
26%
Financial penalties for companies which do not respect
16%
equal opportunities between women and men in access to
16%
promotion
15%
4. Measures to reconcile Europeans’ private and
professional lives
According to you, which of the following measures would be the most effective for
enabling Europeans to reconcile their private and working lives better?
(ONE ANSWER ONLY)
EU27
Women
Men
37%
Make childcare outside the home easier (develop crèches
37%
and nurseries and reduce the costs)
Develop flexibility within companies and public services
(teleworking, flexible hours, etc.)
Encourage a balance between women and men in the
sharing of domestic tasks and in the care of children and
dependents
36%
30%
30%
30%
29%
30%
29%
III. Violence against women
1. Context
Currently, when a restraining order - a court decision
which prevents someone who is guilty of violence from
approaching their victim - is pronounced in one Member
State, it is not valid in the other Member States of the
European Union…

2. Restraining order in the EU27 Member States
To what extent are you personally in favour or opposed the proposal that a
restraining order pronounced in one Member State should be valid in all EU
Member States?
5%
4%
(ONE ANSWER ONLY)
7%
6%
7%
4%
90%
Women
Total 'Opposed'
Total 'In favour'
DK
4%
8%
89%
88%
EU27
Total 'In favour'
Total 'In favour'
Total 'Opposed'
Total 'Opposed'
88%
DK
DK
Men
Total 'Opposed'
Total 'In favour'
DK
3. Measures to eliminate violence against women
Which of the following measures do you think needs to be a priority in a
European strategy to eliminate violence against women?
(ONE ANSWER ONLY)
EU27
Women
Men
39%
Best-practice sharing among police authorities from the
38%
different Member States on support to victims
39%
26%
A European-wide free phone number for women
28%
seeking help and advice
24%
19%
European information campaigns to raise public
18%
awareness about that issue
A European observatory on violence against women
charged with collecting statistics and data
20%
10%
10%
10%
Special EB
100th anniversary of
Women’s day:
Bridging the gender
gap in the EU
EB75.1 – March 2011