Slide 1

Loading – Review 1
Chapter 10


Slide 2

Aim

To review the aircraft loading quiz questions


Slide 3

Objectives
1.Review the Quiz results


Slide 4

1. Objective
BAK_LOADING_001
Define Basic Empty Weight (BEW):
Basic Empty Weight (BEW) includes the airframe, engine, fixed
equipment, unusable fuel, full oil and other items necessary for all
flights.


Slide 5

1. Objective
BAK_LOADING_002
Define Zero Fuel Weight (ZFW):
Zero Fuel Weight (ZFW) is the Basic Empty Weight of the aeroplane
plus the pilot, passengers, cargo. Useable fuel is not included.


Slide 6

1. Objective
BAK_LOADING_003
Loading system A
BEW = 1030kg
IU = - 220
R1 = 150kg
R2 = 150kg
R3 = 75kg
Nose baggage = 45kg
Find the maximum fuel.
Working:
1. Fill in weights
2. Total for ZFW
3. Enter chart at BEW and
follow arrows for CofG
position

1030

150
150

75
45

1450


Slide 7

1. Objective
BAK_LOADING_003
Loading system A
BEW = 1030kg
IU = - 220
R1 = 150kg
R2 = 150kg
R3 = 75kg
Nose baggage = 45kg
Find the maximum fuel.
Working:
3. Extend line down into CoG envelope
4. Determine CoG at ZFW
5. Determine MTOW – Note CoG limits
6. Max. Fuel = MTOW – ZFW = 165kg –
Note Fuel capacity

1450
165
1615
MTOW = 1615
ZFW = 1450


Slide 8

1. Objective
BAK_LOADING_004
Loading system B
Find the maximum baggage that can be carried.
Working:
1. Fill in known data
2. Find Moment/1000

Station

Weight(lbs)

EW

1230

Oil

15

Fuel – 37gal (141L)

222

Row 1

350

Row 2

370

SubTotal (No Bag.)

2187

Baggage
Take Off Weight
Zero Fuel Weight

Arm

Moment/1000
98.4


Slide 9

1. Objective
BAK_LOADING_004
Loading system B
Find the maximum baggage that can be carried.
Working:
1. Fill in known data
2. Find Moment/1000

The Moment/1000 can be found in two different ways:
1. Using the loading graph
2. Multiplying the weight by the arm

Row 1 = 350lbs

Moment/1000 = 31.25


Slide 10

1. Objective
BAK_LOADING_004
Loading system B
Find the maximum baggage that can be carried.
Working:
1. Fill in known data
2. Find Moment/1000
3. Determine how
much baggage can
be carried – Start
with loading to
MTOW – Note CoG
and max. baggage
limits
4. Determine if TOW
and ZFW are within
the CoG envelope

Station

Weight(lbs)

Arm

Moment/1000

EW

1230

80

98.4

Oil

15

32

0.48

Fuel – 37gal (141L)

222

91

20.02

Row 1

350

91

31.85

Row 2

370

126

46.62

SubTotal (No Bag.)

2187

Baggage

13

Take Off Weight

2200

199.33

Zero Fuel Weight

1978

179.28

197.37
151

1.96


Slide 11

1. Objective
BAK_LOADING_004
Loading system B
Find the maximum baggage that can be carried.
Working:
1. Fill in known data
2. Find Moment/1000
3. Determine how
much baggage can
be carried – Start
with loading to
MTOW – Note CoG
and max. baggage
limits
4. Determine if TOW
and ZFW are within
the CoG envelope

TOW

ZFW


Slide 12

1. Objective
BAK_LOADING_005
Loading system C
Find maximum fuel in litres.
Working:
1. Fill in known data
2. Find Index Unit for
each station

Station

Weight(lbs)

EW

687

Full Oil

7

Row 1

140

Row 2

120

Baggage

70

ZFW

1024

Fuel
Take Off Weight

Arm

Moment/1000
19,522


Slide 13

1. Objective
BAK_LOADING_005
Loading system C
Find maximum fuel in litres.
Working:
1. Fill in known data
2. Find Index Unit for
each station

The Index Unit can be found in two different ways:
1. Using the tables provided
2. Multiplying the weight by the arm


Slide 14

1. Objective
BAK_LOADING_005
Loading system C
Find maximum fuel in litres.
Working:
1. Fill in known data
2. Find Index Unit for
each station
3. Determine how
much fuel can be
carried – Start with
loading to MTOW –
Note CoG and max.
fuel capacity limits

Station

Weight(lbs)

Arm

Moment/1000

EW

687

19,522

Full Oil

7

86

Row 1

140

2750

3,850

Row 2

120

3600

4,320

Baggage

70

4210

2,947

ZFW

1024

3000

30,725

Fuel

91

2950

2,684

Take Off Weight

1115

2996

33,409


Slide 15

1. Objective
BAK_LOADING_005
Loading system C
Find maximum fuel in litres.
Working:
1. Fill in known data
2. Find Index Unit for
each station
3. Determine how
much fuel can be
carried – Start with
loading to MTOW –
Note CoG and max.
fuel capacity limits
4. Calculate CoG
position for ZFW
and TOW

CoG position =

𝐼𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑥 𝑈𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑋100
𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡

ZFW CoG =

30,000×100
1024

= 3000mm

TOW CoG =

33,409×100
1115

= 2996mm

Station

Weight(lbs)

Arm

Moment/1000

ZFW

1024

3000

30,725

Fuel

91

2950

2,684

Take Off Weight

1115

2996

33,409


Slide 16

1. Objective
BAK_LOADING_005
Loading system C
Find maximum fuel in litres.
Working:
1. Fill in known data
2. Find Index Unit for
each station
3. Determine how
much fuel can be
carried – Start with
loading to MTOW –
Note CoG and max.
fuel capacity limits
4. Calculate CoG
position for ZFW
and TOW
5. Check CoG position
on CoG envelope

TOW

ZFW


Slide 17

1. Objective
BAK_LOADING_005
Loading system C
Find maximum fuel in litres.
Working:
1. Fill in known data
2. Find Index Unit for
each station
3. Determine how
much fuel can be
carried – Start with
loading to MTOW –
Note CoG and max.
fuel capacity limits
4. Calculate CoG
position for ZFW
and TOW
5. Check CoG position
on CoG envelope

6. Convert answer to Litres
Fuel =

91𝑘𝑔
0.72

= 126𝑙


Slide 18

Questions?