Working Group: Comprehensibility Testing in the Context of National GHS Implementation Strategies Lessons Learnt – Country Report Backs • Countries reporting CT Findings: Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand •
Download ReportTranscript Working Group: Comprehensibility Testing in the Context of National GHS Implementation Strategies Lessons Learnt – Country Report Backs • Countries reporting CT Findings: Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand •
Slide 1
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 2
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 3
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 4
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 5
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 6
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 7
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 8
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 9
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 10
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 11
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 2
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 3
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 4
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 5
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 6
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 7
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 8
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 9
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 10
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)
Slide 11
Working Group:
Comprehensibility Testing in the
Context of National GHS
Implementation Strategies
Lessons Learnt – Country Report
Backs
• Countries reporting CT Findings:
Nigeria, Zambia, Senegal, Thailand
• Zambia and Nigeria completed testing
• Senegal to start
• Thailand half completed
Different Approaches Employed by
Pilot Countries to CT
• Nigeria Train-the-trainer approach for
implementing CT; rapid CT module
• Zambia Comprehensive CT not rapid
CT module; questionnaire not based on
GHS purple book – symbols not decided
by GHS at that time
• Senegal workshop approach to trainthe trainers; different interpretation of CT
• Thailand two-tiered approach in testing
all sectors => managers and workers
(industry); teachers and grassroots =>
(consumers)
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Misunderstanding of pictograms across all
sectors
– higher educated, work experience, higher
perception of risk and higher visual profile of
pictogram (e.g., flame and skull/cross bones)
resulted in “correct” understanding of GHS
symbols
- cultural interpretations of symbols (e.g.,
Thailand – chronic symbol – spiritually uplifting;
Nigeria – chronic symbol – blood tonic)
- Linkage between pictogram and hazard low
Common Issues Resulting from
Pilot Countries CT
• Language barrier – translation of CT into French
and Thailand
• SDS’s not available to end-users – needs to be
carried down value chain
• Colour of GHS pictograms not always correctly
interpreted– red color best
• Size – pictograms need to be large sized on
labels.
Future Role of CT
• Testing of additional pictograms developed
by particular countries (context specific)
• Using a pre and post pilot testing
approach pre would collect data prior to
training and post would evaluate training
Future Role of CT
• CT should be used as a monitoring tool
throughout the implementation process
measure and monitor in terms of
comprehension
• To incorporate CT in existing Safety,
Health and Environment programs as a
continuous training mechanism (e.g.,
workers must complete CT ever 2 years)
Future Role of CT
• Simple tool for awareness that should not
only be used for target populations in the 4
sectors, but also for GHS stakeholders
• Developed countries need to conduct CT
to test the implementation process and be
an example to developing countries
Future Role of CT
• Introduce CT into schools
• In developed countries test migrant workers,
varying ethnic groups, refugees
• CT should incorporate transportation pictograms
• CT should test comprehension of color (e.g., as
used in transport symbols)
Other Issues Raised
• Disposal of chemicals and containers needs to
be on labels
• Use media groups to train (e.g., TV)
• Use billboards for awareness raising
• How to deal with the issue of consumer
responses to hazard information (e.g., too many
hazard symbols – compliancy)