Slide 1

Lab 9
Bryophytes


Slide 2

Land Plants
• General features of the green plants
• Common name: Land plants
• Synonyms: Embryophytes, Kingdom
Plantae
• Habitat: Terrestrial, some secondarily
freshwater or marine
• Growth habit: Multicellular; thallus, or
stems, roots, and leaves
• Undulipodia (“flagella”): Whiplash (2 to
1000+) on sperm cells only, or none


Slide 3

Land Plants
• Clonal reproduction: Multicellular
propagules, vegetative
• Sexual reproduction: Heteromorphic
alternation of generations
• Included Phyla: Hepatophyta,
Anthocerophyta, Bryophyta, Lycophyta,
Psilotophyta, Sphenophyta, Pterophyta,
Cycadophyta, Ginkgophyta, Coniferophyta,
Gnetophyta, Anthophyta
• Recognized by: Embryonic sporophytes,
airborne meiospores, cuticle


Slide 4

Hepatophyta
•
•
•
•

General features of the land plants
Common name: Liverworts
Synonyms: Marchantiophyta
Growth habit: Multicellular; thallus, or
stems and leaves
• Undulipodia (“flagella”): Two whiplash


Slide 5

Hepatophyta
• Conductive cells: None
• Clonal reproduction: Gemmae
(multicellular propagules)
• Sexual reproduction: Homosporous
• Representative genera: Marchantia,
Porella
• Recognized by: Sporophytes with short
setae, short capsules, and elaters; leaves (if
present) without midribs


Slide 6

A

Marchantia, other genera

Hepatophyta


Slide 7

A

Marchantia gemma cup


Slide 8

D

Marchantia antheridiophores

Hepatophyta


Slide 9

A

Marchantia antheridiophore

Hepatophyta


Slide 10

D

Marchantia archegoniophores

Hepatophyta


Slide 11

A

Marchantia archegoniophore

Hepatophyta


Slide 12

D

Marchantia sporophytes

Hepatophyta


Slide 13

A

Marchantia mature sporophyte

Hepatophyta


Slide 14

D

Porella preserved gametophyte

Hepatophyta


Slide 15

A

Porella antheridiophore

Hepatophyta


Slide 16

D

Porella archegoniophore

Hepatophyta


Slide 17

D

Porella sporophyte

Hepatophyta


Slide 18

D

Porella sporophyte

Hepatophyta


Slide 19

Anthocerophyta
•
•
•
•
•

General features of the land plants
Common name: Hornworts
Synonyms: None
Growth habit: Multicellular; thallus
Undulipodia (“flagella”): Two whiplash


Slide 20

Anthocerophyta
•
•
•
•
•

Conductive cells: None
Clonal reproduction: None
Sexual reproduction: Homosporous
Representative genera: Anthoceros
Recognized by: Thalloid gametophyte;
sporophyte with long capsule


Slide 21

D

Anthoceros

Anthocerophyta


Slide 22

D

Anthoceros antheridia

Anthocerophyta


Slide 23

A

Anthoceros

Anthocerophyta


Slide 24

D

Anthoceros foot

Anthocerophyta


Slide 25

A

Anthoceros meiosporangium

Anthocerophyta


Slide 26

Bryophyta
•
•
•
•

General features of the land plants
Common name: Mosses
Synonyms: Muscophyta
Growth habit: Multicellular; stems and
leaves
• Undulipodia (“flagella”): Two whiplash


Slide 27

Bryophyta
• Conductive cells: Leptoids (food) and
hydroids (water)
• Clonal reproduction: Gemmae
(multicellular propagules)
• Sexual reproduction: Homosporous
• Representative genera: Mnium,
Polytrichum
• Recognized by: Sporophytes with long
setae and peristomes, leafy gametophytes


Slide 28

P

Assorted mosses

Bryophyta


Slide 29

A

Moss protonema

Bryophyta


Slide 30

A

Mnium stem

Bryophyta


Slide 31

A

Mnium antheridia

Bryophyta


Slide 32

A

Moss archegonium

Bryophyta


Slide 33

A

Mnium mature sporophyte

Bryophyta


Slide 34

D

Moss peristome

Bryophyta


Slide 35

Distinguishing the sporophytes

P h y lu m

S eta

C a p su le

H ep a to p h yta

sh o rt

sh o rt

A n to cero p h yta

sh o rt

lo n g

B ryo p h yta

lo n g

sh o rt