Transcript 2010 Nov. 7th ISWI Symposium at Helwan Univ. in Cairo, Egypt CHAIN Project: International Collaboration on Full Sun Multi-wavelength H-alpha Observation as a Basis of Space.

2010 Nov. 7th
ISWI Symposium
at Helwan Univ.
in Cairo, Egypt
CHAIN Project: International Collaboration on
Full Sun Multi-wavelength H-alpha Observation
as a Basis of Space Weather Research
S.UeNo, K.Shibata, G.Kimura, S.Morita,
K.Ichimoto, R.Kitai, S.Nagata, Y.Nakatani
（Kwasan&Hida Observatories,
Kyoto University, JAPAN）
Characteristics of the Continuous H-alpha
Imaging Network (CHAIN) project
The situation of the space-weather environment around the earth
greatly depends on 3-D structures and velocities of the CME,
shockwave and solar-wind disturbance around the magnetosphere.
Picture from SEC/Space Environment TOPICS (SE-10)
However, it is still difficult to predict whether solar active phenomena would
have large geoeffectiveness or not, just when the solar phenomena occur on
the solar surface.
It is a very important thing that we accurately observe filament eruptions and
structures of shock waves on the Sun, in order to accurately grasp and predict
the structures, velocities and evolutions of the CMEs and shock waves in the
solar-terrestrial space.
Observations of filament eruptions and shock waves with the mutli-wavelength
full-disk solar telescope play an important role for the space weather research.
CHAIN Project
(Continuous H-alpha
Imaging Network Project)
--- The Purposes ---
Reinforcement of observations
of the solar activities for the
purpose of understanding and
predicting the change of spaceweather envirionment from the
Sun to the Earth.
Formation of an international
network of ground-based 24hr
continuous observations of
filament eruptions and
shockwaves (Moreton wave)
accompanied solar flares on the
full-disk Sun in order to know
physical parameters of all solar
active phenomena.
International spread, exchange
and promotion of the spaceweather research, including
developing countries.
The main instrument:
Flare Monitoring Telescope(FMT)
The FMT simultaneously observes
full-disk solar chromosphere at
multi-wavelength.
So, we can measure pysical
parameters , such as 3D velocity
field, density and temperature…,
of explosive solar phenomena.
Flare &
Filament Eruption
A typical example of the solar flare
observed with the FMT
A typical example of the filament
eruption on the solar limb observed
with the FMT
Transversal Velocity Field
Time Evolution of the Doppler
Velocity at the top of the
filament
Time (UT)
Morimoto & Kurokawa
(2003 PASJ) etc.
Coronal Phenomena
and Structures
with SXT,EIT, etc.
Magnetic Clouds Existence
with IMP-8, WIND, ACE etc.
Filament Eruption
and its Characteristics
with FMT
CME Occurrence
with SoHO/LASCO
GeomagneticStorms
with DST-index
Shock Observation (Moreton waves)
Narukage et al. (2002) cleared that Moreton waves observed in H
alpha images are chromospheric counter part of coronal MHD fast
mode shocks by using the FMT data.
The origin of coronal MHD fast mode shocks emitted from solar
flares has not been solved yet.
However,
we need more observational data of solar active phenomena
in order to progress more accurate and statistical studies,
and
we need more researchers who investigate the FMT data and
other space weather data.
We hope ….
The CHAIN network will fulfill these requirements.
CHAIN-project as
ISWI and CAWSES-II activities
[CHAIN-project as ISWI and CAWSES-II activity]
An important aim of “International Space Weather Initiative
(ISWI)” as a successor project of International Heliophysical Year (IHY) 2007
To develop the scientific insights necessary to
understand space weather, including
instrumentation, data analysis, modeling, education,
training, and public outreach.
from the ISWI Homepage
[CHAIN-project as ISWI and CAWSES-II activity]
On the other hand,
CAWSES-II (Climate And Weather of the Sun-Earth System II)
also progressing from 2009 as a successor project of “CAWSES”.
CAWSES-II is also has a branch of “Capacity Building” whose
international definition is as follows:
- CAWSES-II will continue to organize and cosponsor
international science meetings and workshops.
- Particular emphasis will be placed on the support of
scientists from developing nations as well as
graduate students and young scientists.
- CAWSES-II will work with scientists in the developing
nations to provide access to data and research tools,
and will develop an international network of graduate
students and early-career scientists.
[CHAIN-project as ISWI and CAWSES-II activity]
Therefore, the policies of “ISWI” and “CAWSES-II
/Capacity Building” are very similar.
Moreover, in the case of Japan, many researchers
or institutes in the field of space-weather belong to
both programs.
Do these two international programs conflict with
each other?
[CHAIN-project as ISWI and CAWSES-II activity]
No. We consider that we can make these two programs play
complemental roles with each other.
We defined each role of these two projects as follows:
ISWI:
Mainly in the field of hardware for developing countries
- Expand existing instrument arrays
- Deploy new arrays
- Provide technical training of instruments, operation,
data-calibration
- Provide technical support
CAWSES-II/Capacity Building:
Mainly in the field of software
- Education of data analysis
- Cooperative research
- Holding and support of science workshop etc.
CHAIN-project Activities
In the field of Hardware
(ISWI Activities)
ISWI Activities
Telescopes that are planned to be used in the CHAIN
1) Newly installed Flare Monitoring Telescopes (FMT)
Installation of the FMT to the appropriate foreign sites
(especially developing countries).
2) Modified foreign exsisting H-alpha telescopes
Modification of existing H-alpha single-wavelength telescopes,
to use them for multi-wavelength observation.
Main Stations and Candidate Sites of CHAIN
ISWI Activities
Observation time zone at main 3 sites
(Between sunrise and sunset)
(UT) 15
18
21
00
03
06
09
12
15
18
Hida
June
December
(Japan)
N36o15’
E137o18.5’
Ica
(Peru)
S14o04’
W75o44’
June
December
June
December
Aures
(Algeria)
N35o02’
E 7o00’
June
December
ISWI Activities
Installation of the 1st oversea FMT in Peru
ISWI Activities
The 1st oversea FMT of
CHAIN project was already
installed at Ica University in
Peru in March 2010
with cooperation of IGP and
Ica Univ.
LIMA
National Ica University, Peru
Latitude
: - 14° 11’
Altitude
: ~ 80 m
Rain
: 0 mm/year
Temperature : 10 - 27 ℃
Avrg. Humidity : 20 %
ICA
-42 -
ISWI Activities
January 2010:
The FMT and other instruments
was shipped to Callao port, Peru
from Kobe port, Japan.
ISWI Activities
March 13th 2010:
The FMT and other instruments
arrived at Ica University, Peru.
ISWI Activities
“Estacion Solar de Ica (ESI)” in Ica Univ., Peru
Coelostatspectroscope
15cm Refractor
Solar Telescope
Main Building & Lodge
ISWI Activities
March 18th 2010:
Installation of the FMT at the
side of Coelostat-spectroscope
building was completed.
ISWI Activities
*Technical Training of Peruvian Staffs in Japan
July 2009 at Hida Obs. Kyoto Univ.
- Lecture of solar physics and space weather
- Solar observation method
- Maintenance method of solar telescopes
- Camera controlling software
- Data archiving & analysis software
Personnel Training
*Guidance of the Solar Observation Method in Peru
2007 ～ 2010 at Ica & Lima
ISWI Activities
Preparation of the 2nd oversea FMT in Algeria
ISWI Activities
*Survey of candidate sites for Educational Astronomical Observatory
where the 2nd oversea FMT will be installed
Mediterranean Sea
Algeria
Candidate site investigation
since 2006 by CRAAG (Centre
de Recherche Astronomie
Astrophysique et Géophysique)
Mt.Chelia
Chechar
Sahara Desert
Mt.Assekrem
Tamanrasset
ISWI Activities
*Survey of candidate sites for Educational Astronomical Observatory
where the 2nd oversea FMT will be installed
Cooperative survey of candidate sites for construction of a new
educational astronomical observatory in Algeria, April – May 2008.
ISWI Activities
*Survey of candidate sites for Educational Astronomical Observatory
where the 2nd oversea FMT will be installed
Mediterranean Sea
Algeria
Candidate site investigation
since 2006
Mt.Chelia
Chechar
Sahara Desert
Mt.Assekrem
Tamanrasset
Schedule for the coming 3 years
by Algeria/CRAAG
CRAAG already received the budget of about
2,000,000 USD from the government for building the
new observatory.
■ 2009 – 2010 :
More investigation of two candidate sites
■ 2010 – 2011 :
Construction of infrastructures and some buildings
■ 2011 – 2012 :
Installation of scientific instruments
except for the FMT
■ 2012 – 2013 :
Start of daily observation with each instruments
CHAIN-project Activities
In the field of Software
(CAWSES-II Activities?)
CAWSES-II Activities
Personnel Training and Academic Exchange
*Lecture Circuit in Peru & Algeria
Lecutres about solar physics and
space weather research
Jan. 2007 at Ica University in Peru,
Jan. 2007 at IGP in Peru,
May 2008 at CRAAG in Algeria,
Jun. 2008 at Ica in Peru
Mar. 2010 at Ica in Peru
Jan. 2007 at IGP in Lima
Jan. 2007 at Ica Univ.
Mar. 2010 at Ica Univ.
CAWSES-II Activities
Personnel Training and Academic Exchange
Currently
*Scientific training of Peruvian students and young researchers
Dr. Morita (an assistant teaching staff) of Hida Observatory is now training Peruvian students
and young researchers at Ica University in Peru, in June and Octover – November in 2010.
The subjects are
* Acquisition method of calibration data and calibration method
* Calculation of physical parameters from multi-wavelength solar images and scientific analysis
* Lectures of solar physics and space weather.
At Ica University in Peru, June 2010
CAWSES-II Activities
Personnel Training and Academic Exchange
In near future:
*Science Workshop of Solar Physics and
Space-weather with the FMT data
The purpose of this workshop is to bring
together the prospective user community
of FMT to explore current and future science
targets of solar observations.
Furthermore, this workshop will also give
an introduction to HINODE data reduction
and analysis and talks related to solar
physics and space weather.
SCOSTEP/CAWSES-II committee has
financially supported for this workshop.
22 – 26 Nov. 2010
Home Page of the WS:
http://esi.igp.gob.pe/FMTworkshop/
Plans of CHAIN-project
for the ISWI-period
Budget …
These CHAIN activities (till the end of March 2010) were mainly
supported by
- "The Basic Study of Space Weather Prediction“ Program
which is the Grant-in-Aid for Creative Scientific Research
program of the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports,
Technology, and Culture of Japan (2005-2009, PI: K. Shibata)
- Supporting fund for Japanese universities by
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.
On the other hand, in this financial year (from April 2010),
We have no special budget for instruments of CHAIN-project
yet.
So, the making of the Algerian FMT will also be delayed one year.
But, we have started some activities mainly in the field of
software.
Main plans of the CHAIN project for the ISWI period
■In the field of instruments (ISWI activities)：
- Improvement of the 1st oversea FMT that was installed at "Solar
Station" in Ica University, Peru.
- Kyoto University will prepare CCD cameras and the controlling PCs and
narrow-band filters for the 2nd oversea FMT that will be installed in Algeria.
- Making Algerian FMT itself in Japan by Kyoto Univ.
- Installation of the Algerian FMT at the new astronomical observatory and
start of the solar observation with cooperation by Algeria/CRAAG.
■In the field of software (CAWSES-II Capacity-building)：
- Holding the scientific workshop with the FMT data in Peru in this month.
- Holding other several scientific workshops in near future with other
instrumental array groups.
- Scientific training of Algerian staffs and students in Japan for about
1 month.
- Cooperative data-analysis and studies with Peruvian and Algerian people.
Relationship with other countries
Relationship with other countries
■In the field of instruments (ISWI activities)：
- Frankly speaking, currently, we have no money for some
instruments for more stations.
- Provide technical training of instruments, operation, datacalibration
(for example, by sending researchers and engineers, or by inviting
staffs of each country to Japan)
- Provide technical support (for example, by sending engineers
■In the field of software (CAWSES-II Capacity-building)：
- Education of scientific data analysis by using the CHAIN’s H-alpha
data or each station’s data
- Cooperative research
- Holding and support of some scientific workshops etc.
(for example, Japanese CAWSES-II Capacity-building group is
considering holding some workshops in these 2-3 years around
South America and Asia.)
So, even if we cannot directly support instruments of each stations, we hope
that each country’s people will participate in such workshops and will advance
their scientific experiences.
Relationship with other countries
If you are interested in perticipation in
the CHAIN-project,
please contact me (S.UENO) on 8th (Mon) or 9th (Tue)
in this meeting
or
send e-mail to me ([email protected]) and
Director Shibata ([email protected]) of
our observatories
and
inform us characteristics of your stations,
instruments and your requests.
Summary
With the installation of the FMT to Peru in March
2010, we intend to install the 2nd oversea FMT in
Algeria and form international solar observation
network and promote cooperative studies with the
people of related countries with cooperating with not
only ISWI but also other projects like CAWSES-II.
Through the international cooparations, we plan to
systematically advance space weather research in
both fields of hardware and software, such as
technical training and supports, education of data
analysis, cooperative researches, holding and
support of science workshop etc. for the ISWI-period.
The End
Cloud Model Fitting
Observed contrast:
parameters
S : Source Function
IP
: Optical thickness
: Doppler width
: Doppler shift
IR0
Filament
IR0
Chromosphere
observed value
Morimoto & Kurokawa(2003 PASJ)
They distinguished whether each active filament really erupted or not by analyzing
its time-variation of the radial upward velocity, and investigated the relation with
coronal structure and CME.
FMT
SXT,EIT
CME
Arcade, Flare ...: A
yes
Localized Brightening: LB
no
16 Feb., 1999
Eruptive: E
6Apr., 2000
Quasi-Eruptive: Q
As the result, all really erupting filaments correspond to appearances
of “coronal arcade structures” and “CMEs”.
From Morimoto’s presentation file for the seminar on 2001. 01. 15
Relation between erupting filaments
and MCs or storms
The Ecliptic
Definition of “Earthward”
60
The Sun
Earthward
deg： eruption
（Direction of the center
of the filament）
The Earth
According to St.Cyr et al.1997, the apparent
width of CMEs is about 49 deg in average.
From Morimoto’s presentation file for the seminar on 2001. 01. 15
Relationship with MCs
Filaments
Quasi-eruptive
９
８
MC
No
１
Earthward
４
４
３
１
Yes
０
２
No
From Morimoto’s presentation file for the seminar on 2001. 01. 15
Relationship with geomagnetic storms
Filaments
Quasi-eruptive
１５
Earthward
８
８
１２
Geomag.Storms
４ No
３
４
２
Yes
６
No
Future Plans for the coming ISWI’s 3 years
by Kwasan & Hida Obs, Kyoto Univ.
We are waiting for the result of the application for
the budget to Japanese government.
The name of fund:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas
Study theme:
“Synthetic studies of space weather and the Sun
that is going toward the maximum phase from
the extreme minimum phase”
The concrete plan is …..
Cooperation with other projects
1. Inter-university cooperative project (in Japan)
「Inter-university Upper atmosphere Global
Observation NETwork (IUGONET)」 (2009 – 2014)
In the field of opening the data, data exchange and
distribution.
2. CAWSES => CAWSES-II
(2009 – 2013)
In the field of data analysis and scientific research,
including advenced nations.
* CAWSES: Climate And Weather of the Sun-Earth System
Main Stations and Candidate Sites of CHAIN
・Peru／Drs. J. Ishitsuka, M. Ishitsuka et al. (Institute of Geophysics of Peru)
In March 2010, the 1st oversea FMT was installed to the “Solar Station” at ICA University.
・Algeria／Dr. N. Seghouani (Algiers Observatoire, CRAAG)
They are promoting to built a new educational astronomical observatory in Aures area.
The 2nd oversea FMT is planned to be installed there.
・Malaysia／Dr. Fairos Asillam (National Space Agency of Malaysia)
They are built a new full-disk solar telescope in Langkawi observatory.
They hope to participate in CHAIN-network by using their telescope.
・Indonesia／Dr.Emanuel.S.Mumpuni (Tanjung-sari Solar Observatory)
They have two existing observatories at Bandung and Tanjung-sari and
have performed single-wavelength observation.
・India／Dr. S. Mukherjee (Jawaharlal Nehru University)
They hope to build a FMT in their university, so that they can investigate
relationship between the magnetosphere and solar flares, filament eruptions.
・India／Dr. B.S. Shylaja (Bangalore Association for Science Education)
They hope to install H-alpha filters on the existing C.Zeiss 6” Coude-type
solar telescope in order to mainly use it to educate the space science.
・Mexico／Dr. A. Lara Sanchez (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico)
They hope to build a FMT near the new φ5 m solar radio telescope on the 4580m mountain.
November 10th 2009:
The FMT at Hida Obs. was dismantled.
The end of December 2009:
Making of a new base of
equatorial mount for Peru
(latitude = -14 deg) was
completed by Nishimura
Co.Ltd.
Recent Situation of the 2nd oversea site
in Algeria
Around Mt.Chelia
Chechar
Alt. : ~1900m
(N 33° 17'.788, E 06° 38'.428)
Alt. : ~2000m
Tamanrasset Obs.
Alt. : 1411 m
(N 22° 47' 30.169, E 05° 31' 46.491)
Mt. Assekrem
Alt. : 2700 m
(N 23° 15'.619, E 05° 38'.075)
Recent Status of Kwasan and Hida Observatory,
Kyoto University
In 2009, we could perform nothing concretely for the
Algerian FMT.
But,
We have continued to apply for some funds to
Japanese Government.
大学間連携事業
IUGONET
各 地球、太陽地球
間環境観測研究機
関と協力し、観測デ
ータの共有化を進め
特に長期的変動現
象の解明に取り組
む。
「太陽の短期的活動の宇宙天気
に与える影響」、「太陽大気におけ
る衝撃波の形成」という科学テー
マに重点を置いた 観測データの
解析、研究の推進。
CHAIN-project を通した
・観測・解析環境の整備
・宇宙天気研究普及、共同研究
の両側面からの発展途上国支援
の展開を予定
宇宙天気研究の推進と教育普及の
ためのデータ共有化システムの構築
と、そのデータベースへの CHAINproject データの提供・活用
Current Problem &
Roles of Japanese Capacity-building Group
◆Definition of contributions of Japanese CAWSES-II
Various Japanese institutes have made much progress
for many kinds of international researching activities.
We must define clearly which activities correspond to contributions
of CAWSES-II/ Capacity Building.
➥ When any instrumentation, workshop, or travel expenses for
participants is financially supported as Japanese CAWSES-II,
then this event is automatically considered an event belonging to
Japanese CAWSES-II activities.
Current Problem &
Roles of Japanese Capacity-building Group
◆ No stable budget for funding of these activities
➥ Gathering information and needs of all related institutes in Japan
that have progressed international projects or that are planning to start
such projects.
➥ Consolidating similar plans (such as workshops, sending of trainers)
and organizing more systematic ones (for example, CAWSES School
around South America in 2011?, around Asia in 2013?).
➥ Systematically applying to various funds, such as
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan,
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS),
- Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and
- inter-university research institutes (NAOJ, STEL of Nagoya Univ. etc.)
etc.