Transcript Chapter 9 section 1 Washington Takes Office pg.278 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: We will learn about the precedents (firsts/examples) that George Washington made as President. We will learn about.

Chapter 9
section 1
Washington Takes Office
pg.278
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
We will learn about the precedents (firsts/examples) that
George Washington made as President.
We will learn about Secretary of Treasury, Alexander
Hamilton's, economic plan for America.
We will learn about the Whiskey Rebellion and how
George Washington responded to rioting in the new
country.
LANGUAGE OBJECTIVES:
We will read, discuss, see visuals, answer questions, and
write about the Presidency of George Washington.
Chapter 9
section 1
Washington Takes Office
pg.278
Chapter 9
section 1
Washington Takes Office
pg.278
George Washington made it clear by his choice of
title that the “President of the United States”
would not be a king or royalty like in Europe, but
a citizen of the new nation.
Chapter 9
section 1
Washington Takes Office
pg.278
Chapter 9
section 1
Washington Takes Office
pg.278
Washington’s First Steps
Washington’s inauguration
took place at Federal Hall
in New York City which
was the nation’s capitol at
that time.
On April 30,1789, George
Washington was sworn in as the first
President of the United States.
Chapter 9
section 1
Washington Takes Office
pg.278
Washington’s First Steps
“There is scarcely any part of my conduct
which may not hereafter be drawn into
precedent.”
President Washington set a precedent of giving a speech
after his inauguration. Every president since has given a
speech telling how they are going to start leading the
country. This was just one of many “firsts” the president
would make that other presidents have followed.
Chapter 9
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Chapter 9
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The First Cabinet
pg.279
George Washington set another precedent by asking Congress
to create executive departments to help him run the
government. They became known as the President’s Cabinet.
Thomas Jefferson
Alexander Hamilton
Washington chose well-known leaders to advice him about
how to run the country. He chose Thomas Jefferson to be
Secretary of State to help with foreign policy and Alexander
Hamilton to be Secretary of the Treasury to help with the
economy.
Chapter 9
section 1
Washington Takes Office
pg.279
Chapter 9
section 1
Washington Takes Office
pg.279
The Federal Court System
The Constitution did not tell how many Federal
Courts there would be, so Congress had to create
the court system by passing the Judiciary Act of
1789 which set up a Supreme Court with 6
members, federal district courts, and circuit courts
(like Appeals courts today).
Chapter 9
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Washington Takes Office
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The Federal Court System
John Jay became the first Chief Justice of the Supreme
Court. Here he can be seen in his judge’s robes.
Chapter 9
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Washington Takes Office
pg.279
Chapter 9
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Washington Takes Office
pg.280
Chapter 9
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Washington Takes Office
Reducing the Nation’s Debt
pg.280
As you recall, the United States was still deep in debt
from the Revolutionary War. The U.S. owed foreign
countries, citizens, and soldiers money that they
borrowed to fight and win the war.
Most of the money was borrowed by selling savings
bonds. A bond is a promise by the government to repay
the money a citizen loaned the government plus a certain
amount of interest on a certain date in the future.
Chapter 9
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Washington Takes Office
Hamilton’s Plan
pg.280
The problem Alexander Hamilton faced was that the
U.S. was bringing in very little money and owed a lot
of money back to people for the bonds they bought.
Chapter 9
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Washington Takes Office
Alexander Hamilton - Secretary of the
Treasury
pg.280
Chapter 9
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Washington Takes Office
pg.280
Alexander Hamilton
OLD Bond
NEW bond
Hamilton’s plan was to buy back
or pay off the old bonds by
giving people new bonds (worth
more money in the future). This
would give the government time
to earn money and time for the
economy to improve so they
could pay off the new bonds.
Chapter 9
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Chapter 9
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Debating Hamilton’s Plan
pg.281
Chapter 9
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pg.281
Balancing the Budget
Reducing the National Debt
Hamilton wants:
1. To pay off old bonds
and debts immediately by
issuing
(selling)
new
bonds.
2.
To pay off state’s
debts from the federal
(national) tax money.
Madison’s complaints:
1. Speculators were buying
up old bonds and might
make lots of money instead
of the people who were
given the bonds.
2.
Southern States have
already paid off most of
their debt, so it’s not fair to
use their tax money to pay
off northern debts.
Chapter 9
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Chapter 9
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Pierre L’Enfant’s early plan for the city
of Washington D.C.
pg.281
Chapter 9
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Washington Takes Office
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Chapter 9
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pg.282
Washington Takes Office
Hamilton’s Plan
+
Bank of U.S. for loans
+
Tariff on imports Tax on Whiskey
=
Out of DEBT
Hamilton’s plan was to create a Bank of the United States
(even though it isn’t in the Constitution) which could
loan money to farmers and businesses, put protective
tariffs on many goods coming to America to help
American businesses, and put a tax on whiskey. All of
these things should put money in the treasury.
Chapter 9
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Chapter 9
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Washington Takes Office
The Whiskey Rebellion
pg.282
Tarred and feathered tax collector
Many farmers who turned their corn into whiskey hated
the new tax on liquor which cut into their profits. In
Pennsylvania, the farmers started a rebellion against the
tax.
Chapter 9
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Washington Takes Office
The Whiskey Rebellion
pg.282
Chapter 9
section 1
Washington Takes Office
The Whiskey Rebellion
pg.282
President Washington inspecting
the troops who stopped the
Whiskey Rebellion
George Washington used a show of strength having
troops quickly respond to the rebellion, showing the
country that their new government was strong enough to
rule a nation.