Transcript Klaus R. Kunzmann .Potsdam Medium-sized Cities and Creative Industries Visit of a Delegation of the Department of Regional Development Capital Region of Denmark Cultural.

Klaus R. Kunzmann .Potsdam
Medium-sized Cities and Creative Industries
Visit of a Delegation of the Department of Regional Development
Capital Region of Denmark
Cultural Identity, Cultural Mapping and Planning in the Oresund Region
Potsdam 6. October 2007
1. Medium-sized Cities?
2. Creative/ Cultural Industries?
3. Location Factors and Features of Creative Industries
4. Territorial Capital of Medium-sized Cities
5. Policies to Promote Creative Industries in Medium-sized Cities
6. Creative Industries in Berlin
1. Medium-sized Cities
A in the metropolitan region
B between metropolitan regions
C in peripherial regions
D in border regions
...in Western, Eastern,
Northern or in
Southern Europe?
Klaus R. Kunzmann .Potsdam
in Europe!
Location
matters
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Medium-sized town
on the border
o
Klaus R. Kunzmann .Potsdam
2.What are creative industries?
> > > Cultural industries? Creative industries? The creative economy
the
UK
Cultural Industries
..are based on individuals with creative arts skills..
..in alliance with managers and technologists..
..making marketable products..
..whose economic value lies in their cultural (or ‘intellectual’) properties.
Defined by the UK’s Department of Culture, Media and Sport as "…those activities which have their origin in individual creativity, skill and talent and
which have a potential for wealth and job creation through the generation and exploitation of intellectual property",
the Creative Industries include:
> Advertising
> Architecture
> Crafts and designer furniture
> Fashion clothing
> Film, video and other audiovisual production
> Graphic design
> Educational and leisure software
> Live and recorded music
> Performing arts and entertainments
> Television, radio and internet broadcasting
> Visual arts and antiques
> Writing and publishing
Klaus R. Kunzmann
.Potsdam
Quelle: STADTart 2007
Klaus R. Kunzmann . Potsdam
2 The Creative Class
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“The economic need for creativity has registered itself in the rise of a new class,
which I call the Creative Class. Some 38 million Americans, 30 percent of all
employed people, belong to this class. I define the core of the Creative Class to
include people in science and engineering, architecture and design, education,
arts, music and entertainment, whose economic function is to create new ideas,
new technology and/or new creative content. Around the core, the Creative Class
also includes a broader group of creative professionals in business and finance,
law, health care and related fields. These people engage in complex problem
solving that involves a great deal of independent judgement and requires high
levels of education or human capital. In addition, all members of the Creative
Class – whether they are artists of engineers, musicians or computer scientists,
writers or entrepreneurs – share a common creative ethos that values creativity,
individuality, difference and merit. For the members of the Creative Class, every
aspect and every manifestation of creativity – technological, cultural and
economic – is interlinked and inseparable.” (p. 8)
Richard Florida The Rise of the Creative Class,
And How It’s Transforming Work, Leisure, Community and Everyday Life, 2002.
3 Location Factors of Creative
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.Potsdam
Cultural
Attractive Townscape and fancy town quarters
History and urban heritage
Cosmopolitan living and working spaces
Target of international tourism
Open society...... Tolerance
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Access to specialized higher education culture and IT
Local and regional consumer environment
A broad spectrum of cultural infrastructure and events
Qualified labor
Locally embedded traditional crafts and competence
Sticky places and creative clusters
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Identity
Architectural icons
Derelict industrial and commercial spaces
Affordable rents for young creatives
Marketable profile
Trend setting media
Industries
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3 Features
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of
Creative Industries?
Cultural Industries
• Small firms (with exceptions)
• Low average sales/wages
• High degree of self-employment
• High degree of job satisfaction
• Flexible working times
• Milieu sensitive
• Network integration
• Low degree of unionisation
• High percentage of female labour
• Consumer dependency
> > > Creative industries are different !
The creative economy is polarized,
....though both poles are highly interdependent
Klaus R. Kunzmann
.Potsdam
4. Territorial Capital of Medium-sized Cities
Beyond history, identity, local commitment, quality of life
for creative industries
A Accessibility Relief location for Metropolitan core,
Specialized Industrial clusters skilled labor
Gown Towns international students, tolerance, young entertainment
B Logistic hub
Central place for rural regions regional market
C Health, Recreation and Leisure potential tourism
Central place for rural regions regional market
Accessibility to scenic regions
D Cultural competence language
Accessibility
Klaus R. Kunzmann .Potsdam
5. Policies to Promote Cultural Industries
in Medium-sized Cities
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Create an administrative hot spot as a communication centre for creative action
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Identify the local creative potential and missing links
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Identify local constraints and bottlenecks for creative investment
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Explore potential creative buildings and spaces and quarter
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Identify actors, promoters, key players
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Organize cluster development and partnerships
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Develop a strategic concept and communicate the concept to the various target groups
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Involve local media into concept development
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Explore potential linkages with the creative economy in the metropolitan core, offer creative
back-office function and affordable creative spaces
Klaus R. Kunzmann . Potsdam
6 The discovery of creative industries in Germany
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De-industrialisation technological change
The demise of large industrial corporations
A world, where images dominate over functions
The music revolution and IT contents
Cultural Industries Reports (NRW, Hessen, Berlin etc..)
A new generation of Germans, growing-up in affluent families, and educated in creative
disciplines
The emergence of re-unified Berlin as a creative city
The creative class and the Richard Florida effect
Urban competition and benchmarking
The desperate search of economic policy advisors
for new fields to promote employment and
Culture, a chance for sustainable development
Quic kTime™ and a
TIFF ( Uncompress ed) decom pressor
are needed to see this picture.
Klaus R. Kunzmann . Potsdam
6 Creative Industries in Berlin
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Berlin Characteristics
• Capital/ metropolis
• Cosmopolitan city/environment .......13% foreign born
• High density of cultural infrastructure
• A plethora of cultural events, fairs and festivals
• Tourist city
• Highly attractive for young people .....higher education, low rents
• High tolerance open, liberal society
• Discourse environment
• Digital city
Klaus R. Kunzmann . Potsdam
6 Creative Industries in Berlin
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Some facts
Definition: cultural industries, software development, media and marketing
creativity as a key element
chains > from research > education > development > production
> distribution > to consumption
• 2002 turnover € 8.104 billion
• 18.573 firms and enterprises (with a turnover above € 16.617 )
> not including public museums, theatres etc.
• 11% of Berlin‘s GDP (77,1 billion €)
• 90.339 jobs (50% female) 7% of Berlin‘s employment
not below € 400/month and not less than 15hours/week, registered to social welfare system
• Growth 1998 to 2002 8%
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Creative Spaces in Berlin
Quelle: STADTtart/Kunzmann/Dümcke
Klaus R. Kunzmann . Potsdam
6 Creative Industries in Berlin
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Future action areas: economic, cultural and spatial development
• Communication that the sector has economic impact
• Clustering among individual actors
• Promotion of spatial clustering
• Improving regulatory framework
• Promotion of private commitment > civil society
• Export promotion
• Screening of financing programmes
• Linking cultural industries to tourism
• Start-up promotion
• Further qualification of graduates from university of the arts
• Establishing virtual infrastructure
• Continuous monitoring
• Promoting and theming creative spaces in Berlin
Thank you !