Transcript Initial Impact Assessment of CORS Technology for Land Surveying at BPN RI Imam Mudita1, Rowland P.

Initial Impact Assessment of CORS Technology
for
Land Surveying at BPN RI
Imam Mudita1, Rowland P. Sidjabat2, Agustan1, Heri Sudiarto2, Farid Hendro Adiyanto2,
Swasetyo Yulianto1, Xerandy1, Suryanto1,
Ruki Ardiyanto1, Hari Priyadi1, Sri Handoyo Mukti1, Wawan Rusiawan1
1) BPPT, 2) BPN RI
Footer
22/12/2009
1
CORS Technology
•Studying movement of
the earth’s crust
•Reference datum
research and precise
orbit determinations,
•Augmentation services
of GNSS for navigation,
surveying and mapping
(Source : Leica)
Footer
22/12/2009
2
Technology Management
• Technology Impact Assessment
a systematic attempt to foresee the consequences of
introducing CORS technology in all spheres it is likely to
interact with
• Strategic Environments
– Opportunities
– Challenges
– Threats
•
•
•
•
•
Surveyors are user
Equipment costs are decreasing
Other services of survey business
Education. New jargon, new concepts. Requires effort to keep up- to-date with changes
Danger that GNSS will become too easy. What else can the modern surveyor offer clients to
maintain an advantage over competing professions?
Footer
22/12/2009
3
Assessment Activities
• Collect and analyze existing documents/literatures
– CORS systems and equipments
– BPN RI’s internal documentations
• BPN RI Cadastral Measurement Technical Standardization
• BPN RI Surveying Technical Manual and Instruction Guide
• Institutional Strategic Plan and Website of BPN-RI
• Survey and Interview
– Local Land Title Offices (Kantah) Kabupaten Tangerang, Kota Bogor
and Kota Bekasi
– Data Center and Central Office of Survey, Survey and mapping of
BPN RI
Footer
22/12/2009
4
STIP Methodology
• Scope
Topic, Scope, Time Horizon
• Technology
– Performances; methods/algorithms (standardized or non standardized),
accuracies, minimize distance dependent error, maximize use of satellite
data, server or rover controlled network solution, traceability and
repeatability, consistencies, cost of its development strategy (station
distribution, scalability and hardware material component flexibility) and also
business model between provider who supply the data and information
and the user.
– Information and telecommunication technology which feasible
and performed practical, efective and reliable.
– Alternative technology assessment could also be done to prevent
technology failure so that we still have subsitute technologies.
Footer
22/12/2009
5
STIP Methodology
• Impact
– what benefits are to be expected from CORS/JRSP technology
economic and commercial, or environmental improvement, health benefits,
or improvements in the social or political fabric of society
– what needs does it satisfy, and
– why is it superior to present, or rival technologies?
• Policy
measures such as how much money invested, how much grant
and subsidies given by the government during the development
stage. Tax holiday offered in the services of the land titling.
Training and program socialization, regulations and supporting
facilities, even direct administrative support such as Program
Larasita from BPN-RI.
Footer
22/12/2009
6
Fact Findings
Technical Base Point (TDT) at BPN RI (BPN-RI, 2010)
Nr. Point Target Realisation Remaining
Order (points) (points)
(points)
Unit
Cost
(Rp)
Cost
(Rp)
Dev’t
Speed/yr
(points)
Time
needed
(yr)
1
2
8990
6699
2291 5,5 mio 12,6 bio
100
23
2
3
900000
14085
885915 2,5 mio 2,2 bio
3300
268
Furthermore, up to 2007 only ± 9.000.000 ha from total ± 94.000.000
of land parcel have been mapped, so the remaining ± 85.000.000 ha
have not been mapped (Rozak, 2010)
Footer
22/12/2009
7
Pilot Project
Data streaming
(minimal) 4800
bit per seconds.
Up to 1.4 Mb
within an hour
Networked Transport of RTCM via Internet Protocol
(NTRIP).
Land Title Offices have interstation
distance around ± 30 – 70 km.
Kantah Kab. Tangerang
experiencing an
average of survey
speed 100 land parcels
and 30 control point per
day using CORS
technology
Footer
22/12/2009
8
Existing & Expected Architecture
Existing bandwidth allocated for each
Local LTO 128 kbps, and bandwidth
allocated for Deputi 1 BPN-RI
(including master controller) 512 kbps.
Around 400 of 500 Local LTO all
over Indonesia have established data
communications. Data
communication provider depend on
available local provider and their
geographical location
Footer
22/12/2009
9
Data Communication Aspect
Theoretical bandwith of the main RTCM 3.1 messages
for 12 satellites (GPS only)
and including a transport layer of 48 bits
Message
Description
No. of Data
Bytes
Bandwith
(bps)
8 + 15.625*ns
196
1616
21
21
216
6-68
6
96
14.625
15
168
1004
Extended L1&L2 GPS RTK Observables
1006
Stationary RTK Ref. Stn . ARP w/ Ant. Hgt.
1008
Antenna Descriptor & Serial Number
1014
Network Auxiliary Station Data
1017
GPS Combined Geometric and Ionospheric
Correction Differences
9 + 6.625*ns
89
760
1030
GPS Network RTK Residual Message
7 + 6.125*ns
81
696
1032
Physical Reference Station Position Message
19.5
20
208
Footer
22/12/2009
10
Financial Aspect
Point
Order
TDT Target
as mandated
by
PMNA/Ka.BP
N No. 3/97
Realisation upto 2009
Point
Hectare
Remaining
Point
Hectare
Average
per year
Average
time
needed
TDT Cost
per Point
Cost per
Ha
Total Cost
(million)
Point
Year
Rp
Rp
Rp
Convensional
2
8,990
6,699
66,990,000
2,291
22,910,000
100
23
5,500,000
12,600.5
3
900,000
14,085
5,634,000
885,915
84,366,000
3,300
268
2,500,000
2,214,787.5
Jumlah
CCORS/JRSP
2,227,388.0
113,010,000
5
Footer
15,000
22/12/2009
1,695,150.0
11
Business Process Aspect
Technoware Impact
Nr.
1.
Factor
Sophistication
(accuracy)
2.
Easiness
3.
Speed
4.
Maintenance
5.
Cost
6.
Supporting (IT)
Positive Impact
Accuracy improvement to prevent or
solve overlapping parcels mapping
problem
Easy to conduct & quality management
With high measurement speed increase
productivity and better services
Maintenances are relatively easier
Lower operational cost, lower charges to
public
Increase surveyor capability in IT and
data communication technology
Drawbacks
Need trained surveyors & quality management
Need IT & Communication technology
infrasturucture support, and business process change
to support the easiness
High risk in transmitting information
Need special technician in IT and Communication
technology
Need high initial budget for investment to build
especially base station/reference station and other
supporting infrastructures
Need costs to upgrade surveyor capability and to
provide bandwidth
Footer
22/12/2009
12
Business Process Aspect
Humanware Impact
Nr.
1.
Factor
Positive Impact
Drawbacks
2.
Competency
(qualification)
Personnel
Encourage surveyors to increase their
capability
Lesser survey personnel
3.
Productivity
Increase productivity per surveyor
Need costs to upgrade their
qualification
Need effort to provide
personnel
Need special expertise
Modernized working environment
Need better capability
Need to change work ethic
4.
Culture/Ethic
Footer
22/12/2009
13
Business Process Aspect
Infoware Impact
Nr.
1.
2.
3.
Factor
Law &
Regulation
Directives,
Operating
procedures
Process form
Positive Impact
Drawbacks
Deregulations
Need adaptation to new regulations
Seamless operating procedures
Need to make new user guide or
operating manual
Reduce survey forms (paperless)
Need digital recording equipment
Orgaware Impact
Nr. Influencing Factor
Positive Impact
1.
Proses flowchart
Shortened workflow
2.
Organization structure
Efficient and right size organisation
3.
Task & function,
Detail job descriptions
Job description
Footer
Drawbacks
Need adaptation to new
working environment
Need organisation
restructuring
Need adaptation to new job
descriptions
22/12/2009
14
Business Process Aspect
Impact to Public
Nr.
Factor
Positive Impact
Drawbacks
1.
Speed
Shortened measurement and mapping
time
Failures cause critical downtime
2.
Speeding up land titling process
3.
Service
process
Cost
Need socialisation about land
titling process
Need accurate calculation to
determine tarif
4.
Data security
5.
Politics
Lower cost of Technical Base Point
development, and decrease land parcels
measurement tarif
Digital recording with higher accuracy
Prevent horisontal & vertical conflict
between public and government
Footer
Vulnerable to virus dan hardware
failure
Public accountability
22/12/2009
15
Summaries
• CORS/JRSP technology could potentially support BPN-RI’s
cadastral tasks and functions efficiently and effectively to survey
and mapping land parcels challenges such as :
1. provide national cadastral reference point network,
2. accelerate land parcels survey and mapping problem solving
3. unifying coordinate reference system of land titling which is in
turn to give certificate on a land parcel
• There are many remaining infrastructure problems and constrains
in applying CORS technology, such as Information and Data
Communication infrastructure, which will be facing a high risk of
failure especially in giving real time services. Therefore, in the near
future it should need improvements and comprehensive actions to
overcome those infrastructure problems before this technology is
widely applied by BPN-RI
Footer
22/12/2009
16
Recommendations
• Need to have strategic plan, including scheduling and budgeting
to implement CORS system all over Indonesia. The strategic plan
should consider aspect such as:
1. Improvements and up-gradable of hardware and software
of the system
2. Futuristic data security improvement
• Improvement on data management, human resources
development, defining business process and CORS system
maintenance.
Footer
22/12/2009
17
Thank You
Footer
22/12/2009
18