Transcript UNOx - SHA Rais High School and Jr. College

SPECIALISED AGENCIES
RELATED ORGANISATIONS
UN MAIN
ORGAN
UN
Specialized
Agencies
UN
Programs
and Funds
These are Inter-Governmental Organisations
They are autonomous organisations
They have their own
membership
executive bodies
secretaries
budget
They provide assistance in the field of
education
social
economy
culture
Let us learn following aspects of these Specialised Agencies & Organisations:
What: Introduction
Name and abbreviation
History
Date of establishment
Why: Aims
How: Activities
Who: Administration
General body or Conference
Executive board or Governing Council
Where: Headquarter
Introduction:
Established in 1919, associated with League of Nations
First SA to be associated with UN in 1946
Aims and Activities:
Promotes Social Justice for working people
Formulates IN programs to improve conditions of labor class
Creates IN labor standards for member countries
IN Program of Elimination of Child Labor (IPEC)
ILO was awarded Nobel Peace Prize on 1969 on 15th anvsry.
Administration:
Governing Council: 28 members
14 from workers and 14 from employers
Headquarter:
Geneva (Switzerland)
Introduction:
• Established on 16 October 1945 (World Food Day)
• It is agency of UNO for rural development
Aims and Activities:
• Rural development
• Eliminate hunger
• Raise level of nutrition and standard of living
• Improve production, processing, marketing and distribution of food
• Global Information and Early Warning System
• Food Security Assistance Scheme
• Tele food Campaign: by celebrities for public awareness
Administration:
• General conference: 191 members, meet every alternate year
• Governing Council: 49 members
Headquarter:
• Rome (Italy)
Introduction:
• Constituted in London in 1945
• Established on 4 November 1946.
Aims and Activities:
• World peace and security through education, science & culture
• Basic education for all including women and girls
• Improve standard of basic education and teachers’ effectiveness
• Studies on tensions, racism, human rights, problems of youth
• Safeguard cultural heritage (630 cultural sites in 118 countries)
• Promote flow of ideas and freedom of press
• Maintains 196 national commissions and 5000 associations
Administration:
• General Conference: 193 members, meet biennially
• Executive Board: 58 members, meet twice a year
Headquarter:
• Rome (Italy)
Introduction:
• Set up in April 1948
Aims and Activities:
• Attainment of highest possible level of Health by all people
• Reduce mortality, morbidity and disability in poor population
• Help to develop infrastructure, provision of essential drugs
• Research on nutrition, child care, mental health, accident prevention
• Guidelines for drinking water quality and safety
• Combat polio, diarrhea, measles, AIDS in c/o WB and UNDP
• World Cancer Day: 4 Feb (84 m people will die of cancer 06-15)
• Celebrates days for: Diabetes, TB, Blood donor, Health etc.
Administration:
• World Health Assembly: 193 members, meet every year
• Executive Board: 34 members
Headquarter:
• Geneva … 6 branches in Congo, USA, Egypt, Denmark, India, Philippines
Introduction:
The World Bank is a group of five institutions:
• International Bank for Reconstruction & Development (IBRD)
• International Finance Corporation (IFC)
• International Development Association (IDA)
• Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
• International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID)
 The group involves staff of about 10,000 from 160 countries
Aims and Activities:
 Reduce poverty around the world
 Strengthen the economy of poor nations
 Promote economic growth
 Implement Millennium Development Goals
Headquarter:
 Washington DC (US)
 Established in 1945
 Aims to reduce poverty
 Providing Finance Advisory
 Promotion of private foreign investment
 Growth of IN trade
 Providing loan to poor and middle income Nations for
 Agriculture
 Rural development
 Education
 Health
 Family planning
 Nutrition
 Roads
 Railways
 Established in 1960
 Aims to provide loan at the easiest terms
 Provided 181 billion interest free loan to 82 poorest nations
 Provided home to 2.5 billion people
 50% share goes to Africa
 Established in 1956
 It has a separate fund from the WB
 Finance for private trade
 Investments in following trade
 Mining
 Energy
 tourism
 agriculture
 manufacturing trade
 Established in 1988
 Autonomous body from WB
 Provides advisory and consulting to developing countries for
 private investments
 long term political risk Insurance against war, poverty, civil matters
 Autonomous Organisation
 Ratified by 144 countries
 Chaired by the president of the WB
 Settlement of financial disputes between Governments and private
foreign investors
Introduction:
Established in 1945
Aims and Activities:
Promotes IN monetary cooperation
Expansion of trade, employment and economic growth
Finance the member countries
Technical assistance to improve economic management
Manage foreign exchange
Administration:
General Conference: 186 members represented by a governor,
meet annually. Voting power of a member is related to its
contribution to the IMF’s financial resources
Executive Board: 24 Ex. Directors, chaired by Mg. Director
Headquarter:
Washington DC (US)
Introduction:
Established in 1944
Aims and Activities:
Safe & orderly growth of civil aviation
Development of airways, airports, navigation
Encourage the art of aircraft design and operation
Ensure safe, peaceful, regular and economical air transport
Help developing countries to establish or improve aviation
6 Strategic Objectives of ICAO for 2005-2010
Safety
Security
Environment
Efficiency
Continuity
Rule of Law
Administration:
General Assembly: 188 member, meet at least once in 3 years
Council: 36 members
Headquarter:
Montreal (Canada)
Introduction:
Founded in 1874 by the Berne Treaty
Adopted as SA of UN in 1948
Aims and Activities:
Regulates IN postal services
Advisory, mediation and technical assistance for IN postals
It is the largest and densest communication network globally
Administration:
Universal Postal Congress: 191 members, meet in every 5 years
Executive Council: 41 members, meet annually
Headquarter:
Berne (Switzerland)
Introduction:
Founded in 1865 in Paris as IN Telegraph Union (ITU)
Present name in 1934 and adopted as SA on UN in 1947
Aims and Activities:
Coordinates between Govt. and Pvt. Sector for global
telecommunication (TC) networks and services
Improvement, efficiency and rational use of TC
Regulating & planning TC and space communication
Making availability of following TC services to all members
Radio
Telephone
Telegraph
TV
Space comm. Aeronautical comm.
Administration:
Plenipotentiary Conference : 191 member, 750 sector members
meet once in every 4 years
Governing council: 46 members, meet annually
Headquarter:
Geneva (Switzerland)
Introduction:
Founded in 1950
Adopted as SA on UN in 1951
Aims and Activities:
Establish meteorological and hydrological observation networks
Run World Climate Program
Help save life and destruction by forecasting of climate
Concerned with ozone depletion, global warming, water resources
Run programs related to
Weather
Climate
Atmospheric science Applied meteorology
Administration:
World Meteorological Congress: 189 members (heads of
meteorological offices)
Executive Council: 37 members, meet annually
Headquarter:
Geneva (Switzerland)
Introduction:
 Proposed in 1948 at UN maritime convention in Geneva
 Established in 1958, began functioning in 1959
Aims and Activities:
 Cooperation and exchange of information related to shipping
 Technical assistance on shipping for IN trade
 Ensure maritime safety, efficiency of navigation
 Prevention and control of maritime pollution
Administration:
 General assembly: 167 members, 300 IN staff, meet every 2 yrs
 Executive Council: 40 members, meet biennially
Headquarter:
 London (UK)
Introduction:
Established in 1970
As a SA from 1974
Aims and Activities:
Protection of Intellectual Property (IP)
Administrative cooperation among the Unions to protect IP
Principal unions are:
The Paris Union for protection of Industrial property
Involve: Inventions, trademarks, industrial designs, appellations of origin
The Berne Union for protection of literary and artistic work
Involve: literary, musical, artistic, photographic and AV work
Administers 23 In treaties (16 IP, 6 Copyright)
Administration:
Conference: All members of UN
Headquarter:
Geneva (Switzerland)
Introduction:
 Proposed in 1974 in World Food Conference
 Established in 1977
Aims and Activities:
 Combat hunger and rural poverty in developing countries
 Mobilize resources in developing nations to improve food production
 End chronic hunger and malnutrition in rural Asia, Africa and L America
Administration:
 Governing Council: 165 member states
 Executive board: 18 members
Headquarter:
 Rome (Italy)
Introduction:
Established in 1966 by the General Assembly became SA in 1985
Aims and Activities:
Promote industrial development
Help developing nation for industrial policies, establish new industries
Staff: economists, engineers, technology & environment experts
Five priorities:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Strengthen capacity of a nation to develop human resources
Encourage nations to be more competent in industry
Promote industrial cooperation among nations
Develop and promote private sector, small scale industry
Industrial development that will not harm ecology
Administration:
General Conference
Industrial Development Board: 53 members
Program and Budget Committee: 27 members
Headquarter:
Vienna (Austria)


International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
World Trade Organisation (WTO)
Introduction:
Autonomous intergovernmental organisation, established in 1957
Aims and Activities:
Guiding principle: ATOMS for PEACE
Contribution of atomic energy to peace, health and prosperity
Sets-up standards for nuclear safety and environment protection
Provides technical help to govts. for atomic energy programs
Regulates radioactive material transport
Operates IN Centre for theoretical Physics
Works with FAO for research on atomic energy in food & agriculture
Works with WHO for research on atomic energy in Health
Administration:
General Conference: 151 members, meet annually
Board of Governors: 35
Program and Budget Committee: 27 members
Headquarter:
Vienna (Austria)
Introduction:
Estd. in 1995, replaced General Agreement on Tariff & Trade
It is a full fledged organisation
Setup as per the Final Act of the Uruguay Round of Trade Negotiation
Aims and Activities:
The Final Act which was signed at a ministerial conference at Marrakesh
in Morocco in April 1994 contains 28 agreements on world trading relations.
WTO administers these agreements on world trading relations. WTO
administers these agreements.
It is watchdog of IN Trade
Settles the disputes of Trade between nations
Follows the principle of nondiscrimination between trading partners,
equal treatments for imports & domestic goods in IN market
Administration:
153 members; all 128 members of GATT are the members of WTO
Ministerial conference: meets every 2 years
Headquarter:
Geneva (Switzerland)
Presented By
ZIYAUR-REHMAAN M. H. ANSARI
Complied and Presented by
Presentation owned by