Transcript Introduction of Power Electronics

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POWER
ELECTRONICS
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Utility systems
Application
•High-voltage Dc Transmission (HVDC) •Energy Storage Systems
•Static VAR Compensation (SVC)
•Induced-draft fans and boiler
•Supplemental Energy Sources (wind, •Feed Water Pumps
photovoltaic), fuel cells
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Aerospace
Utility systems
Application
Application
•Space shuttle power supply systems
•Satellite power systems
•Aircraft power systems
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Industrial
Aerospace
Utility systems
•Pumps
•Compressors
•Blowers and fans
•Machine tools (robots)
•Welding
Application
Application
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•Arc furnaces, induction
furnaces
•Lighting
•Industrial lasers
•Induction heating
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Commercial
Industrial
Aerospace
Utility systems
Application
Application
•Heating, ventilating, and
air conditioning
•Central refrigeration
•Lighting
•Computers and office equipment
•Uninterruptible power supplies
•(UPSs)
•Elevators
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Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Aerospace
Utility systems
•Space heating
•Air conditioning
•Cooking
•Lighting
Application
•Refrigeration and freezers
•Electronics (personal computers,
other entertainment equipment)
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Commercial
Residential
Transportation
Industrial
Aerospace
Utility systems
Application
Application
•Traction control
•Battery chargers
•Automotive electronics
including engine controls
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•Electric Locomotives
•Street Cars
•Trolley Buses
•Subways
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Commercial
Residential
Transportation
Industrial
Telecommunication
Aerospace
Utility systems
Application
•Battery Chargers
•Power Supplies (dc and UPS)
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Commercial
Residential
Transportation
Industrial
Telecommunication
Aerospace
Power
Transmission
Application
Renewables
•Solar
•Wind
•Hybrid Power Plant
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Representation of Power
Electronic System
POWER
INPUT( Fixed)
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POWER
OUTPUT (Adjustable)
Power
Electronics
Interface
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Source
Load
Gate Control
Signal
Feedback Signal
Reference
Signal
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Types of Power Electronics Circuit
Input
Waveform
MODES OF
CONVERSION
Type of converter
Conversion
RECTIFICATION
Rectifier
AC to DC
INVERSION
Inverter
DC to AC
CYCLOCONVER
SION
AC frequency
converter
AC to AC
AC Control
DC Control
Output
Waveform
AC converter (Same
Frequency Different
AC to AC
Voltage)
AC converter
AC to DC ===DC
(Convertor with
link===DC to AC
intermediary DC link)
Chopper
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DC to DC
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The goal of power electronics is
The goal of power electronics is to control the flow of energy
from an electrical source to an electrical load with
Highest Efficiency
Smallest Size
Highest Reliability
Lowest Cost
Least Weight
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<19th
Century
Only way to convent AC into DC is
Rotary Convertor.
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<19th
Century
1902
Percy C. Hewitt demonstrate first
mercury arc rectifier.
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<19th
Century
1902
This mercury arc rectifier are well used in
electrical power utility up to 1970s. And
after all finally replaced by Static
semiconductor devices.
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<19th
Century
1902
1947
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Semiconductor revolution start in
1947 with the invention of first
bipolar point-contact transistor at
Bell Labs.
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<19th
Century
1902
1947
In 1948 Shockley's invention of
the bipolar junction transistor (BJT)
improved the stability and
performance of transistors, and
reduced costs.
1948
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<19th
Century
1902
1947
By the 1950s, higher power
semiconductor diodes became
available and started
replacing Mercury arc rectifier.
1948
1950
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<19th
Century
1902
1947
1948
1950
1956
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In 1956 the Silicon Controlled
Rectifier (SCR) was introduced by
General Electric, greatly increasing
the range of power electronics
applications.
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<19th
Century
1902
1947
1948
1958
1950
1956
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In 1958 second electronics revolution
start by commercial use of SCR
(Thyristor) by General Electrical.
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<19th
Century
1902
1947
1948
1958
1950
19….
1956
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Many different types of
power electronics devices
and conversion technics
are developed
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The History of the Power Electronics
Power
Diode,
Invention
of
Thyristor
Mercury arc
rectifier,
Vacuum Tube
Bipolar pointcontact
Transistor
First MOSFET
comes in
commercial
market
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GTO,
IGBT,
Microprocessor,
MCT
Smart Power
Technology not
only control but
alos protect the
system
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Classification of Power Electronic Devices
Based on
family
Based on
controllability
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Based on
Terminals
and Charge
carrier
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I am the motivation behind
each and every power
electronics innovation,
Because I am ideal.
G
K
A
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Ideal Means:
Case 1: When I am in OFF State
I have following characteristics
 Resistance== Very High
 Voltage Blocking Capacity == Very High
 Leakage Current=== Almost Zero.
 Power Loss ==By Default 0
K
A
G
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Ideal Means:
Case 1: When I am in OFF State
I have following characteristics
 Voltage Blocking Capacity == Very High
 Leakage Current=== Almost Zero.
 Resistance== Very High
 Power Loss ==By Default 0
K
A
G
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Case 2: When I am in ON State
I have following characteristics
 Current carrying Capacity == Very High
 Voltage Drop=== Almost Zero.
 Resistance== Almost Zero.
 Power Loss ==Very Low
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Case 3: During Turn ON & OFF
I have following characteristics
 Immediate Turn ON and OFF
 Low Delay time
 Low Rise Time
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Case 4 : During Turn ON & OFF
I have some special characteristics also
 Turn ON and OFF both are controllable
 Very small power to drive my gate
𝒅𝒗
𝒅𝒊
 I having very high & , i.e I can withstand rapid
𝒅𝒕 𝒅𝒕
change in voltage as well as current also.
A
K
G
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Device
Type
Device
Diode
Power Diode
Continuous
Controlled Controlled Unipolar
Pulse Gate
Gate
Turn ON Turn OFF Voltage
Bipolar
Voltage
Unidirectional Bidirectional
Current
Current
BJT
MOSFET
Transistors
IGBT
SIT
SCR
TRIAC
GTO
Thyristors
IGCT
SITH
MCT
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Project Guidance
Workshop Hub
Electrical Contracts
Classes
At:
Vaishnavi Empire Near KK Travel , Katraj Pune - 46
Mo:-+91-9527080412/8983335132
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