Transcript GROWING TENSIONS

GROWING TENSIONS
Texas History, Ch. 8
1820s TEXAS SETTLEMENTS
Resulted in major
changes in trade
 Texas’ economy
was closely tied to
the economy of the
United States,
since most
immigrants to
Texas came from
there.

HADEN EDWARDS
 Haden
Edwards
was awarded
contract in East
Texas, near
Nacogdoches
 Edwards found
that settlers were
already living on
his lands.
HADEN EDWARDS
 Mexican
political
chief Jose Antonio
Saucedo
sympathized with
the settlers
 He told Edwards
that he could not
charge the settlers
for new land titles
REPUBLIC OF FREDONIA
 Edwards’
brother,
Benjamin, and a
small group of
settlers took over
the Old Stone Fort
in Nacogdoches
 They proclaimed
themselves an
independent
country from
Mexico.
REPUBLIC OF FREDONIA
 Mexican
soldiers were
sent to put
down the
revolt. Most
Fredonians
fled into the
United States.
OLD STONE FORT
 Nacogdoches
was the site of
the 1st clash
between
colonists and
Mexican
authorities.
Investigation into Revolt
 Mier
y Teran and 200 Mexican
soldiers were sent to Nacogdoches to
prevent new uprisings.
 He observed that the U.S. influence
was strong, Anglo American settlers
outnumbered Mexican settlers
NEW LAWS
 In
1829, the president of Mexico
issued a decree, or order, abolishing
slavery in Mexico and Texas.
 Texans wanted to be exempt, or
excused, from this decree.
 Law never put into effect, but raised
fears among Anglo-American
slaveholders.
LAW OF APRIL 6, 1830
 New
forts created
 Custom duties were placed on
American goods
 Empresario contracts were
suspended
 Immigration from Mexico
continued into Texas
LAW OF APRIL 6, 1830
 Ended
all
immigration
from the
United States
ANAHUAC
 Port
and
Mexican
garrison that
controlled
commerce into
Mexico
 Commanded
by John Davis
Bradburn
ANAHUAC
 Bradburn
was unpopular with the
settlers; he arrested Travis and
Jack for interfering with tax
collection.
 Settlers fought back
 Jose’ Piedras, commander of
Nacogdoches garrison, sided
with settlers and removed
Bradburn from command.
BATTLE OF VELASCO
 John
Austin traveled to get a cannon
to fight against Bradburn at Anahuac
 Mexican troops under Col.
Ugartechea would not let Austin and
his men pass at Velasco because he
thought Austin was a rebel.
 The two groups fought; Ugartechea
and his troops surrendered
TURTLE BAYOU
RESOLUTIONS
 While
waiting for
John Austin’s
return, colonists
adopted a
resolution
declaring their
loyalty to
Mexico.
MEXICAN REVOLUTION
 Santa
Anna was
popular with the
colonists because he
supported the
Constitution of 1824,
favored by the
Texans.
 Santa Anna declared
he was a Federalist.
CONVENTIONS OF 1832, 1833
 Delegates
met at
San Felipe;
resolved that Texas
become a separate
Mexican state
 Prepared a
constitution for the
proposed state
CONVENTIONS OF 1832, 1833
 Austin
traveled to
Mexico City to
meet with Santa
Anna.
 Santa Anna
agreed to repeal
the law restricting
immigration from
the United States
AUSTIN IS ARRESTED
 On
his return
to Texas,
Austin was
arrested in
Saltillo for a
letter he had
written
 Austin
spent a
year in jail in
Mexico City
 Cos
claimed
Santa Anna now
rejected the
Constitution of
1824.
MARTIN DE COS
 Commander
of
Mexican forces
in Coahuila
 Brother-in-law of
Santa Anna
Angry with Texas
colonists over new
fighting at
Anahuac.
 Would not accept
apology from
colonists; wanted
to arrest Texas
leaders

CONSULTATION OF 1835
 Texas
colonists
concerned about
the situation and
called for a
convention at
WashingtonOn-TheBrazos.
WASHINGTON-ON-THEBRAZOS
Peace Party vs. War Party
 Stephen
F.
Austin returned
from Mexico and
told delegates to
prepare for war.
 “War is our
only resource.”
TEXAS in 1835
 He
approved the
Consultation
because he thought
Santa Anna was
becoming a
dictator.
 Dictator: ruler with
absolute power
REVIEW QUESTION
Where was the Consultation of
1835 held?
• Mexico City
• Washington-on-the-Brazos
• San Felipe
answer
Washington-On-
The-Brazos
REVIEW QUESTION
Who said, “War is our only
resource!”?
 William B. Travis
 Stephen F. Austin
 Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
answer
Stephen
F. Austin
REVIEW QUESTION
Why did Stephen F. Austin
approve the Consultation?
 He
thought he would be imprisoned
 War would not solve any problems
 Santa Anna was becoming a dictator
answer
He
thought Santa
Anna was becoming
a dictator.
REVIEW QUESTION
The opening of Texas to
settlement in 1820s Texas
resulted in what?
 Major changes in trade
 War with Spain
 War with Mexico
answer
Major
trade
changes in
REVIEW QUESTION
With which country’s economy
was Texas most closely tied?
 United States
 France
 Spain
answer
The
United States
REVIEW QUESTION
All were some of the changes
made from the April 6, 1830 law,
EXCEPT?
 New forts were built
 Immigration from Mexico ended
 Empressario contracts were
suspended
answer
Immigration
from
Mexico ended
REVIEW QUESTION
Who was Martin de Cos?
 Representative to the Coahuila y
Tejas legislature
 Commander of Mexican forces in
Coahuila
 Governor of Mexico
answer
Commander
of
Mexican forces in
Coahuila
REVIEW QUESTION
Why was Santa Anna initially
popular with the Texas colonists?
 He declared himself a Centralist
 He declared himself a Republican
 He declared himself a Federalist
answer
 Santa
Anna declared he was a
Federalist.
 And, he supported the
Mexican Constitution of 1824,
favored by the Texans.
REVIEW QUESTION
What did the 1829 decree do?
 Ended immigration to Texas
 Ended slavery in Mexico, but not
in Texas
 Ended slavery in both Mexico
and Texas
answer
It
abolished slavery in
Mexico, but not in Texas
REVIEW QUESTION
What did Empressario Haden
Edwards find upon his arrival in
Nacogdoches in East Texas?
 A Native American village
 A fertile wilderness
 People already living on the land
answer
People
were already
living on the land.
REVIEW QUESTION
Where was the site of the 1st clash
between Texas colonists and
Mexican troops?
 Nacogdoches
 Republic of Fredonia
 Washington-on-the-Brazos
answer
The
Old Stone Fort at
Nacogdoches.
REVIEW QUESTION
What was the name of the
independent country proclaimed
by Benjamin Edwards?
 San Felipe
 Nacogdoches
 Republic of Fredonia
answer
The
Republic of
Fredonia
REVIEW QUESTION
What were the Turtle Bay
Resolutions?
 Document
that Santa Anna promised
to support
 Constitution for the proposed
Mexican state of Texas
 Statements in which colonists
declared loyalty to Mexico
answer
Statements
in which
colonists declared
loyalty to Mexico
REVIEW QUESTION
After Mier y Teran and 200 Mexican
soldiers put down the revolt at
Fredonia, what did he observe?
 Anglo American influence was strong
 Settlers were mostly Catholic
 Settlers owned no slaves
answer
Teran
observed
that the AngloAmerica influence
was strong.
REVIEW QUESTION
Why did Ugartechea try to arrest John
Austin at the Battle of Velasco?
 Austin refused to pay customs duties
 Ugartechea thought Austin was a
rebel
 There was a warrant for Austin’s
arrest
answer
Ugartechea
thought Austin was
a rebel.
REVIEW QUESTION
Where were the conventions of 1832
and 1833 held? What was resolved in
1833?
 San Felipe; to declare Texas a
separate Mexican state
 Washington-on-the-Brazos; to end
Mexican rule in Texas
 Nacogdoches; to accept the Mexican
constitution
answer
San
Felipe; to
declare Texas a
separate Mexican
state
REVIEW QUESTION
What is an order that has the force of
law?
 Rule
 Constitution
 Decree
answer
Decree
REVIEW QUESTION
Where was Stephen F. Austin
imprisoned?
 Mexico City
 Coahuila
 Saltillo
answer
Mexico
City
REVIEW QUESTION
What document did Santa Anna
promise to support?
 Law of April 6, 1830
 Turtle Bayou Resolutions
 Mexican Constitution of 1824
answer
Mexican
of 1824
Constitution
TEXAS HISTORY CHAPTER 8:
GOOD LUCK ON THE TEST!