Transcript Ancient_China
Ancient China
Dynasties, Philosophers and Ancient Life
Geography
Huang He (Yellow River) Named for the rich yellow soil it carries Runs from Mongolia to the Pacific Ocean Chang Jiang (Yangtze River) Runs east across Central China to the Yellow Sea Longer than the Huang He During the Shang Dynasty, China began to grow. The first city was the Anyang (China’s first capital)
Life in Ancient China
Landowning aristocrats Peasant farmers Merchants
Aristocrats
Farmers Merchants owned large estates. They lived in large houses with courtyards and gardens. They had fine furniture and silk hangings. The houses were surrounded by walls.
lived in simple houses inside village walls. The aristocrats owned the fields outside the walls and the farmers worked the land. They grew wheat, millet, and rice. included shopkeepers, traders and bankers. They lived in towns and provided services to the landowners. Merchants were not allowed government jobs.
Ancient Life
Filial Piety: Children had to respect their parents, and older relatives. Family members placed the needs and desires of the head of the family above their own. For farming, Chinese created terraces for farming and used insects to protect crops.
They used bronze and iron tools such as a hoe, plow blade and shovel.
Ancient China worshiped spirits and ancestors.
Oracle Bones: carvings on bones that priests would read and interpret.
Pictographs: characters that represent objects Ide ographs: characters that represent ide as
When Shang Four Chinese Dynasties
1750-1045 BC
Important Leaders Main Ideas/ Accomplishm ents Influences on Chinese Culture
-Numerous kings with large armies and control over the land.
-Ruled from capital city of Anyang.
Developed social classes *Fu Hao, first female in China’s history to receive the highest military rank Influenced Chinese religion and culture -created written language -calendar -musical instruments -Use of bronze
Zhou
1045-256 BC Wu
Qin
221-206 BC Qin Shihuangdi
Han
202BC-220 AD Liu Bang -Longest dynasty in Chinese history -Established Mandate of Heaven And Dao (duty) -Bureaucracy Developed irrigation and flood-control systems. -Strengthened central government.
-Created one monetary system.
Introduced use of censors to check on government officials.-Qin built Great Wall -Population and landmass grew under Han -Opened China to trade (built Silk Road) Created government’s civil service exam. -inventions: steel, paper, acupuncture, advanced sea travel.
Ancient China
Founder Chinese Philosophers Confucianism
Confucius
Daoism
Laozi
Legalism
Hanfeize
Main Ideas Influence on Modern Life
People should put the needs of their family and community first Many Chinese today accept his idea of duty to family. His ideas helped open up government jobs to people with talent.
People should give up worldly desires in favor of nature and the Dao Daoism teaches the importance of nature and encourages people to teat nature with respect and reverence.
Society needs a system of harsh laws and strict punishment Legalists developed laws that became an important part of Chinese history.
Shang dynast y begins Confu cius is born 1750 BC 1045 BC 551 BC 300 BC Qin dynast y begins 221 BC 202 BC Hanfei zi develo ps Legali sm 200 BC 100 AD 190 AD Rebel armies attack Han capital 190 AD Wu Wang creates Zhou dynasty 300 BC Laozi’s ideas of Daoism become popular 202 BC Liu Bang founds Han dynasty 100 AD Silk Road Establi shed