Transcript environmental protection in oil and gas complex

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
IN OIL AND GAS COMPLEX
July 2014
№7
published since 1993
12 issues per year
CONTENTS
ECOLOGICAL MONITORING AT THE ENTERPRISES
OF OIL AND GAS COMPLEX
Shtripling L.O., Bazhenov V.V. Automated system of emissions monitoring of oil refining
profile enterprises ................................................................................................................................ 5
Mazlova E.A., Eremina N.V. Environmental monitoring of persistent organic pollutants at
oil and gas complex enterprises territories ........................................................................................ 10
REMEDIATION OF OIL-POLLUTED LANDS
Makarenkova I.V., Grebennikov A.M., Tikhonova I.O., Fyodorova K.V. The comparative
analysis of techniques and technologies of lands remediation for the purpose of their use
for restoration of oil-polluted ecosystems in KhMAO – Yugra. Part I. Oil pollution of natural
ecosystems and current practices of their remediation ............................................................................... 14
Vasil’yeva V.V., Popova O.V., Sidorenko D.O., Botvinko I.V. Bio agent for remediation
of city soils polluted by hydrocarbons and heavy metals: bacteria or yeasts? . ................................. 24
Bondarenko A.N. Phytotoxic properties of oil-polluted soils of the North-Western Pricaspy
arid zone ............................................................................................................................................ 28
PROVIDING FOR ECOLOGICAL SAFETY UNDER SHELF WORK
Alexeev M.Yu., Zubchenko A.V., Nelichik V.A. Evaluation of freshwater biocenosis state
within the framework of general concept of the environment protection in the development
of Shtockman gas and condensate field ............................................................................................ 33
APPLICATION OF MODELING METHODS UNDER ENVIRONMENTAL
PROBLEMS SOLUTION
Rubtsov S.E., Pavlova A.V., Shkurat I.I. About cellular-automatic models of fluid flow
process in the presence of obstacles and impurities ......................................................................... 39
ANTI-CORROSIVE PROTECTION
Kichenko A.B., Kichenko S.B. On the estimation of potential for corrosion inhibitor carryover from bottom-hole of low-production gas and condensate wells ................................................. 44
INFLUENCE OF OIL AND GAS COMPLEX ENTERPRISES
ON THE ENVIRONMENT
Samakaeva T.O. Prospects for introduction of gas and chemical process on the processing of hydrocarbonic components derived from natural gas on the basis of Orenburg gas
and chemical complex ....................................................................................................................... 50
Information on the articles ............................................................................................................. 58
JSC "ALL-RUSSIAN SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ORGANIZATION, MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMICS OF OIL AND GAS
INDUSTRY"
Information on the articles
AUTOMATED SYSTEM OF EMISSIONS MONITORING
OF OIL REFINING PROFILE ENTERPRISES (p. 5)
Lev Shtripling, Dr.Sc. (Tech.),
Vladislav Bazhenov, PhD (Tech.), Assistant prof.
FSBEI HPE «Omsk State Technical University»
11, prosp. Mira, Omsk, 644050, Russia.
Tel.: (3812) 653-389.
E-mail: [email protected]
The implementation of tasks laid into long-term programs of
ecological development of oil refining profile companies is
based on the continuous improvement of systems of industrial
ecological control and contaminants emissions monitoring.
The article considers the possibility of solving the problems
of industrial environmental monitoring system enhancement in
the field of atmospheric air protection by means of introduction
of an automatic system for monitoring emissions (ASME)
including control of both organized and unorganized sources of
pollution.
Taking into account the specifics of oil product processing
processes it is proposed to minimize the number of controlled
sources of atmospheric pollution and provide, through software,
reliable information about the situation in the territory of the
enterprise, at the border of sanitary-protective zone, on the
adjacent enterprise territories. This should be performed both in
real-time and as a forecast for the next period of time.
Information can be presented in a format suitable for
acceptance by managing decisions administration and
acceptable to a broad audience in a form of charts, diagrams and
tables.
Key words: atmospheric air protection; automatic system
for monitoring of emissions; oil industry.
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF PERSISTENT
ORGANIC POLLUTANTS AT OIL AND GAS COMPLEX
ENTERPRISES TERRITORIES (p. 10)
Elena Mazlova, Dr. Sc. (Tech.),
Natal’ya Eremina, post-graduate student
I.M. Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas
65, bld.1, Leninskiy prosp., Moscow, 119991, Russia.
Tel./fax: (499) 233-92-39.
E-mail: [email protected]
Oil and gas complex enterprises are big sources of
environment contamination with persistent organic pollutants
(POPs). Persistent organic pollutants are stable under
environmental conditions for more than few decades and can
harmfully affect human health. Wide use of POPs persistent
organic pollutants in industry has already caused the
contamination of technogenic areas. Currently in Russia there is
no regular environmental monitoring of POPs in industrial sites.
Also there is a lack in the utilization system of POPs-containing
wastes. So to conform with Stockholm convention demands it is
necessary to improve Russian legal framework and regulation
system of POPs presence in environmental objects, to determine
Environmental Protection in Oil and Gas Complex 7/2014
specific contamination sources and to develop maps of zoning
the territories subjected to technogenic influence.
Key words: persistent organic pollutants (POPs);
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); perfluorooctanoic acid
(PFOA); environmental monitoring; Stockholm convention;
contamination sources; transformer; condenser; surfactants; fire
foam.
THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TECHNIQUES
AND TECHNOLOGIES OF LANDS REMEDIATION FOR
THE PURPOSE OF THEIR USE FOR RESTORATION OF
OIL-POLLUTED ECOSYSTEMS IN KhMAO–YUGRA.
PART I. OIL POLLUTION OF NATURAL
ECOSYSTEMS AND CURRENT PRACTICES OF THEIR
REMEDIATION (p. 14)
Irina Makarenkova1,
Alexandr Grebennikov, Dr. Sc. (Agriculture), PhD (Biology)2,
Irina Tikhonova, PhD (Tech.)3,
Kseniya Fyodorova, master’s degree1
1
«Institute of Land Ecology» Ltd.
27, Malaya Kaluzhskaya str., Moscow, 119071, Russia.
Теl./fax: (499) 713-08-04.
E-mail: [email protected];
2
V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute
E-mail: [email protected];
3
D. Mendeleyev Russian University of Chemical Technology
E-mail: [email protected]
The specifics and peculiarities of oil spills impact on the
main types of natural ecosystems in KhMAO–Yugra are
considered as well as self-restoration processes of these
ecosystems measures on oil spills elimination and techniques of
contaminated lands remediation are presented. It is shown that
existing techniques and technologies for remediation of oilcontaminated soils are often unable to provide for evolution
process of disturbed ecosystems to the original natural state.
Furthermore, some remediation techniques may prevent the
indicated direction of evolution.
Кey words: oil spills; ecosystem remediation; oil
decomposition; wetlands restoration.
BIO AGENT FOR REMEDIATION OF CITY SOILS
POLLUTED BY HYDROCARBONS AND HEAVY
METALS: BACTERIA OR YEASTS? (p. 24)
Veronika Vasil’yeva, master’s degree,
Ol’ga Popova, PhD (Chemistry),
Dmitriy Sidorenko, PhD (Tech.), Assistant prof.,
Irina Botvinko, PhD (Biology), Assistant prof.
I.М. Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas
65, Leninskiy prosp., Moscow, 119991, Russia.
Tel./fax: 8 (495) 380-71-93.
E-mail: [email protected]
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Advantage of Rhodococcus sp. bacteria over Candida sp.
Yeast has been demonstrated in the course of resins and
asphaltens destruction by methods of liquid and gas
chromatography. By methods of gas chromatography and massspectrometry it has been established that Rhodococcus sp.
actively oxidizes a wide spectrum of n-alkanes (С11–С20), unlike
Candida sp. (С11–С12). Furthermore, in a mixture with yeast a
hydrocarbon-oxidizing activity of Rhodococcus sp. considerably
decreases. Without addition of bio agent soil indigenous
microbiota is soon inactivated by oil products. In this case an
additional lead pollution suppresses completely its hydrocarbonoxidizing potential and noticeably reduces the degree of soil
bioremediation by the introduced bio agent. The results of the
experiments demonstrate the efficiency of the bacterial
preparations application for the remediation of soils polluted by
oil products and heavy metals and prejudice the necessity of
yeast strains introduction to its composition.
Key words: bioremediation of soil polluted by
hydrocarbons and heavy metals; hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria
and yeasts; chromatography detection of hydrocarbons at soil.
PHYTOTOXIC PROPERTIES OF OIL-POLLUTED
SOILS OF THE NORTH-WESTERN PRICASPIY ARID
ZONE (p. 28)
Anastasiya Bondarenko, PhD (Geography)
Caspian Scientific Research Institute of Arid Agriculture
Block Severny-8, Solyonoe Zaimische village, Chernoyarskiy
district, Astrakhan region, 416251, Russia.
Tel./fax: 8 (85149) 25-7-20.
E-mail: an_ [email protected]
In this article the results on the studying of hydrocarbonic
pollution influence on zone types of the Astrakhan region soils
are given.
The main changes of physical and chemical indicators are
studied. By the results of the experiment being made brown soil
possesses the greatest stability to the action of oil hydrocarbons
and the ability to self-cleaning, light brown and alluvial soils
have the smallest speed of oil hydrocarbons transformation.
Besides the material on decrease in the content of oil
hydrocarbons in soils is given for the period of long-term
researches. The assessment of phytotoxicity of various zone
types of the Astrakhan region soils is given. It is revealed that
the most optimum test culture for indication of oil pollution of
arid zones on the example of the Astrakhan region soils is the
meadow grass bulbous. It is proved that response of plants
depends on their specific features and types of soils. With the
increase of oil dose in the soil multidirectional changes of
growth activity take place. The dose of 2,5 l/m2 oil is maximum
permissible for studied types of soils, as well as for growth and
development of plants.
Key words: types of soils; oil pollution; hydrocarbons; oil
doses; physical properties; chemical properties; the agricultural
plants; inhibiting action; self-cleaning.
EVALUATION OF FRESHWATER BIOCENOSIS
STATE WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF GENERAL
CONCEPT OF THE ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION IN
THE DEVELOPMENT OF SHTOCKMAN GAS AND
CONDENSATE FIELD (p. 33)
Maxim Alekseev, PhD (Biology)
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E-mail: [email protected];
Alexander Zubchenko, Dr.Sc. (Biology)
E-mail: [email protected];
Victor Nelichik, PhD (Biology)
E-mail: [email protected]
FSUE «N. Knipovich Polar Research Institute of Marine
Fisheries and Oceanography» – FSUE «PINRO»
6, Knipovichа str., Murmansk, 183038, Russia.
Tel.: (8152) 47-25-32, (8152) 47-36-58.
Tel./fax: (8152) 47-33-31.
The construction of big industrial facilities in the wide area
of the coastal tundra which is planned within the framework of
the Stockman gas and condensate field development will
undoubtedly influence on the state of biocenoses, of lakes, rivers
and brooks located there. As the environment protection is one
of the priority tasks in the oil and gas complex in the water
bodies located in the zone of the planned construction of the
Stockman gas and condensate field coastal sites, a lot of
ichthyological and hydrobiological data were collected on the
basis of which the stock state of the main fish species and their
food supply were assessed and the lake productivity was
calculated. The investigated lakes and streams have a unique
ichthyofauna, mainly, represented by salmonids (the Atlantic
salmon, sea trout, char, whitefish). They make an essential
contribution to biodiversity of water bodies of the Kola
Peninsula and the entire North-West of Russia. Therefore, the
results of studies on the background state of ichthyofauna and its
food supply in the area of the planned construction of Stockman
field coastal sites are undoubtedly important in the methodical
respect, since they allow us to determine the level in relation to
which the effect extent, direction and dynamics can be
afterwards estimated. Besides, the obtained data are the basis for
ecological monitoring of water bodies in the course of
construction and exploitation of the Stockman gas and
condensate field facilities.
Key words: Stockman gas and condensate field; biocenoses
of lakes, rivers and brooks; stock state of primary fish species;
food supply; lake productivity; ecological monitoring.
ABOUT CELLULAR-AUTOMATIC MODELS
OF FLUID FLOW PROCESS IN THE PRESENCE
OF OBSTACLES AND IMPURITIES (p. 39)
Sergey Rubtsov, PhD (Phys.-Math.),
Alla Pavlova, Dr. Sc. (Phys.-Math.),
Igor’ Shkurat, student
FSBEI HPE «Kuban State University» – KubSU
149, Stavropol’skaya str., Krasnodar, 350040, Russia.
Tel.: (861) 219-95-78.
E-mail: [email protected]
The work deals with cellular-automatic modeling of fluid
flow in the presence of obstructions and impurities. Such models
are used to solve a variety of scientific and practical problems.
In particular, in case of spilled oil contact with aquatic
environment, nature and extent of contamination spread depend
on many factors: chemical and physical properties of oil, nature
of currents in the waters, weather conditions, etc. Speed of
fragmentation and spread of oil slick is largely determined by
the intensity of currents and turbulence of environment.
The classical model of FHP-I fluid flow in the present work
is supplemented with elements simulating the presence of
Environmental Protection in Oil and Gas Complex 7/2014
impurities in the stream. To do so new concepts are introduced –
the state of the particle, and the model object, called particle of
impurity. State of the cell in this model is represented by a
Boolean matrix composed of two vectors, the first of which is
defined by a set of particles in this cell, and the second – their
condition. Model also must consider the gravitational
interactions if the impurity particles have a mass greater than the
mass of «pure» particles. Therefore, one more phase is added to
the elementary automaton – the effect of gravity. In this phase
impurity particle's motion takes place from the upper to the
lower cells. This phase is asynchronous and can be added to the
main automaton after a specified number of cycles, thereby
adjusting the value of impurity particle's mass.
Key words: cellular-automatic modeling; model of fluid
flow; obstruction; impurity.
ON THE ESTIMATION OF POTENTIAL FOR
CORROSION INHIBITOR CARRY-OVER FROM
BOTTOM HOLE OF LOW-PRODUCTION GAS AND
CONDENSATE WELLS (p. 44)
Definitions of Qg min and Vg min are illustrated by concrete
examples.
It is shown that the results of Qg min and Vg determination
when using formulas proposed by various authors have a large
spread.
It was concluded that formulas resulting in higher values of
Qg min and Vg min should be used for the initial Qg min and Vg min
estimate.
At the same time it is assumed to continue search for more
reliable formulas for determining Qg min and Vg min.
Key words: wells; corrosion; well corrosion inhibition; well
bottom hole; liquid (corrosion inhibitor) carry-over from well
bottom hole; formulas for calculation of liquid (corrosion
inhibitor) carry-over from well bottom hole.
PROSPECTS FOR INTRODUCTION OF GAS AND
CHEMICAL PROCESS ON THE PROCESSING OF
HYDRO СARBONIC COMPONENTS DERIVED FROM
NATURAL GAS ON THE BASIS OF ORENBURG GAS
AND CHEMICAL COMPLEX (p. 50)
Alexander Kichenko, PhD (Tech.)
Tat’yana Samakaeva, PhD (Tech.)
«Salym Petroleum Development N.V.» Co.
65, Respubliki str., Tyumen, 625000, Russia.
Tel.: +7 (3452) 566-155, ext.1931.
Mob. tel.: +7 (922) 412-83-89.
E-mail: [email protected];
VolgoUralNIPIgaz, Ltd.
20, Pushkinskaya str., Orenburg, 460000, Russia.
Tel.: (3532) 34-05-09.
Fax: (3532) 34-05-03.
E-mail: [email protected]
Sergey Kichenko, PhD (Tech.)
Separation of multi-component natural gases into individual
hydrocarbon components and their further processing to obtain
highly liquid chemical products – one of JS company
«Gazprom» main technical and economic challenges. The
author of the article on the example of the Orenburg gas
chemical complex analyzes possible technical development of
plants engaged in the processing of isolated from multicomponent natural gas individual hydrocarbons: ethane,
propane, butane and pentane-hexane fractions. Currently all the
above-mentioned components as feed streams are sent to a thirdparty company to produce liquid products.
Key words: gas and chemical complex; multi-component
natural gases; ethane; ethylene; polyethylene; propane;
propylene; polypropylene; butane; pentane-hexane fraction.
Lukoil Overseas Baltic Ltd. (Dubai Branch) – West Qurna-2
Project
Tel.: +971-4-350-77-26.
Mob. tel.: +971-56-174-01-56.
04 – 47. Level 4. Zone C.
Dubai Properties Group Headquarters building.
TECOM, P.O. Box 500551, Dubai, UAE.
E-mail: [email protected]
The formulas are given for calculating of minimum gas flow
rate (Qg min) and flow velosity (Vg min) required for the removal
of fluids (including corrosion inhibitor) from wells bottom hole.
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