Transcript Biometrics

Biometrics
Chuck Cook
Matthew Etten
Jeremy
Vaughn
Overview
• What is Biometrics?
• Why use Biometrics?
• Types of Biometrics
• Uses and Applications of Biometrics
Definitions
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As a process:
Automated methods of identifying a person based on
measurable biological and behavioral characteristics.
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As a characteristic:
A meaurable biological and behavioral characteristic
that can be used for automated identification.
Why Biometrics
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Universal – we all share
the same physiology
Unique – especially
when used together
Permanent – most do
not change over time
Collectable – easy to
gather and store data
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Performance – accuracy
and speed increase with
technological advances
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Public Acceptance
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Difficult to forge
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Do not need to
remember passwords
Fingerprints
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Advantages:
Multiple fingers, easy use,
proven technology, large database
exists, ridges last a lifetime
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Disadvantages:
Age and/or occupation may
impede recognition
Facial Recognition
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Advantages:
No contact required,
cameras are common,
easy for people to verify
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Disadvantages:
Face can be obstructed, sensitive
to changes in expresson, age
and lighting
Iris Recognition
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Advantages:
No contact required, eye is
less prone to injury, and
iris is stable over lifetime
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Disadvantages:
Difficult to capture for some
Hand Geometry
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Advantages:
Easy to capture, believed to
be stable over lifetime
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Disadvantages:
Requires some training, not
sufficiently distinctive over a
large population
Other Techniques
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Signature/Handwriting
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Voice/Speech
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Retinal Scans
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Facial Thermography
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Vascular Patterns
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Keystroke Patterns
Biometric System
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5 Basic Components
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Sensors – collect data
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Processing Algorithms – develop a template
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Data Storage – Hard drives or smart cards
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Matching Algorithms – compare template with new
data
Decision Process – Automated or Human-assisted
Usage
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Verification
A one to one comparison of a captured biometric with
a stored template to verify that the individual is who
he claims to be. Can be done in conjunction with a
smart card, username or ID number.
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Identification
A one to many comparison of the captured biometric
against a biometric database in attempt to identify an
unknown individual.
Applications
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Building or secure
location access
Access to computer
systems
Passports/Travel
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Employee recognition
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Elections
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Law enforcement
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Consumer/Retail
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National security
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Secure banking
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Health services
Health Care Applications
• Privacy
• HIPAA and other such acts guarantee privacy
• United States require that physicians and healthcare
professionals who use electronic records track every
time a patients record is accessed.
• Biometrics can help secure these records, as well as
keep track of who did, or tried to, access healthcare
records
Law Enforcement Applications
• Greatly reduce paperwork
• Sensitive information can be identified using national
or regional databases
• Move from ink and paper fingerprinting to digital
systems to save time and money
• Facial recognition can be obtained using “mug shots”
Consumer Applications
• Controlled access to personal computers, mobile
devices, private data, medical records, etc.
• Product can customize itself to you, based on your
identity
• Identify age or criminal record for selling of
restricted items (Alcohol and firearms)
Financial Applications
• ATM machines could use Iris or facial recognition as
opposed to a 4 digit PIN
• Easier to steal cash or credit card numbers than
physical features