Transcript Group members

GROUP 13
PRESENTATION
GROUP MEMBERS
Name
Stanley-Lee Mutizwa
Fortune Musemburi
Mutsa Mapundu
Janet N. Chimusoro
Arnold Pfekenye
Nigel T. Mhambare
Luckia.S Mutambanengwe
Mitchel .R Dari
Shingai Chiwara
Blessing John
Registration number
C1111053N
C1111918D
C1110919S
C1111154Y
C1111948L
C1111693J
C1112193C
C1111546Z
C1111078Q
C1010437T
GROUP PRESENTATION
Question 13
Giving examples explain how the following
systems aid management in decision making:
i.
Expert systems
ii. Simulation
iii. Decision Support Systems
iv. Information centres
EXPERT SYSTEMS
An expert system is an application of artificial
intelligence that emulates knowledge of human
expert, solve problems, make decisions and
make expertise available to novices.
The scope of expert system is limited to
expert’s experience
The domain is specific area of knowledge
EXPERT SYSTEM CONTINUES




Expert system provides decision support to managers in the form
of advise from an expert consultant in a specific problem area
Expert system also help management in solving problems which
the organization is currently facing in form of for example,
diagnosis and prediction of mechanical failures which is vital for
operational managers.
They also help in quick decision making process since vital
information required is quickly and specifically provided
In situations where the managers are inexperienced the expert
system provides expertise to those novices
EXPERT SYSTEM CONTINUES
Examples
 Medical diagnosis
 Help
doctors with treatment advice
 Diagnosis of symptoms

Medical management
 Discern
which treatment patient should receive
 Administrative decisions
SIMULATION
Simulation is a broad term that refers to an
approach for imitating the behavior of an actual or
anticipated human or physical system.
 This involves solving by executing (doing)
 There are three areas covered by simulation which
are:
1. Model design
2. Model execution
3. Model analysis

SIMULATION CONTINUES
Simulation helps management in decision
making by provision of exact problems faced as
a result of the use of the model they have
designed
 Managers would then brain storm solution to
the problems faced by the designed model.
 Managers may choose not to continue with the
model in its business activities if it does not
meet the organisational goals

SIMULATION CONTINUES
A very good example from which simulation do
occur within an organisation is when the
management is involved in the steering
committee during the System Development Life
Cycle.
 In this case they try to solve the problems faced
by the previous system during the course of the
new system’s operation hence the idea of
solving by executing comes about.

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS)
These are systems that combine data and analytical models
or data analysis tools to support structured, semi-structured
and unstructured decision making
 DSS is a computer based information system that:
 Help management select solution
 Reduces costs
 Increase profitability
 Enhances product quality
DSS comprises of three components that are data
management module, model management module and
dialog module. Their interaction is shown by the diagram
below:

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM CONTINUES
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM CONTINUES
DSSs are used by management to assist in making
decisions on issues which are subject to high
levels of uncertainty about the problem They help
management in gathering various responses
which they would undertake and the likely impact
of those actions.
 DSS are intended to provide a wide range of
alternatives information gathering and analytical
tools with a major emphasis upon flexibility and
user friendliness.

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM CONTINUES

Decision support systems are usually used by
many banks in automated decision aids so as
to determine the credit worthiness of their
clients.
INFORMATION CENTRES
This is a place where information or facts or
facilities are constructed on or discovered.
 Within an organisational structure an information
centre is a subunit that provide hardware,
software and people support to end users.
 These centres can be seen as departments within
an organisation for example production
department which provide management with vital
information during decision making.

INFORMATION CENTRES CONTINUES



Information centres like departments in an organisation
do provide strategic managers with vital information
with which they can use in making their decision
pertaining the future of the organisation
Information centres provide problems they are currently
facing so that the management can make proper
decisions so as to address those problems.
Some of the centres like for instance sales department
bring an insight to the management in relation to the
possible new markets which can be exploited by the
organisation hence persuading management to make
decisions towards that.
QUESTIONS AND CONTRIBUTIONS
Leh di almighty lord guidance and
protection be with yah fi ever.