Transcript Slide 1
Chemistry 177 October 16, 2009 Take out CLICKERS: “GO 41 GO” -or- “CH 41 CH” and CALCULATORS NEXT LECTURE: Monday, Oct. 19; Bring CLICKERS READ BLBM, Chapter 7 HOMEWORK #9: Ch. 7: # 4, 26, 37, 40, 46, 47, 70, 111 (Due in Recitation Thursday, October 22) QUIZ #9: On-Line WebCT Quiz EXAM #3: Monday, October 23 Chapters 5.8, 6, 7, some of 8.4 1 Chapter 6: Electronic Structure of Atoms The Periodic Table: Electronic Configurations (H – Xe) Number of Valence Electrons: n s d (Transition Elements) p (Main Group) 1 1s H 2 2s Li Be 2p B C N O F Ne 3 3s Na Mg 3p Al Si P S Cl Ar 4 4s K Ca 3d Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn 4p Ga Ge As Se Br Kr 5 5s Rb Sr 4d Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd 5p In Sn Sb Te I Xe 6 6s Cs 7 7s Fr Ba 5d Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg 6p Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Ra 6d Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt He f (6) Lanthanides 4f La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb (7) Actinides 5f Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Ground State Electronic Configuration for Ge (Z = 32): 2 Chapter 6: Electronic Structure of Atoms Possible Clicker Question 3 Chapter 6: Electronic Structure of Atoms Possible Clicker Question 4 Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements Effective Nuclear Charge 2 2 4 R ns(r) 1s 2s 1 3s 4s 10 11+ r Na 0 5 Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements Effective Nuclear Charge: Valence Electrons Zeff ? n s d (Transition Elements) p (Main Group) 1 H He 2 Li Be B C N O F Ne 3 Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar 4 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr 5 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe 6 Cs Ba Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn 7 Fr Ra Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt f (6) Lanthanides La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb (7) Actinides Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No 6 Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements Periodic Trends: Atomic Sizes Atomic Radii: Electrically neutral atoms; based on structures of elements Source: Vainshtein BK, Fridkin VM, Indenbom VL, Structure of Crystals (3rd Ed.), Springer Verlag, Berlin (1995). 7 Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements Periodic Trends: Atomic Sizes Distances in pm (1012 m) 8 Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements Periodic Trends: Atomic Sizes Ionic Radii: = sizes based on electron transfer in “salts” Sources: Shannon RD, Prewitt CT, Acta Crystallographica (1969) B25, 925-946; Shannon RD, Acta Crystallographica (1976) A23, 751-761. 9 Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements Periodic Trends: Electronic Configurations of Main Group IONS n s d (Transition Elements) p (Main Group) 1 H He 2 Li Be B C N O F Ne 3 Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar 4 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr 5 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe 6 Cs Ba Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn 7 Fr Ra Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt f (6) Lanthanides La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb (7) Actinides Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No 10 Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements Periodic Trends: Atomic vs. Ionic Sizes Radii in Å (1010 m) 11 Chapter 6: Electronic Structure of Atoms Possible Clicker Question 12