Transcript Flora and Fauna of the Great Lakes Region:

Flora and Fauna
of the Great Lakes
Region:
QuickTime™ and a
GIF decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
A Multimedia
Digital Collection
University of Michigan - University Library
Collaborators
• University Library – Major investment in digital library content,
infrastructure and architecture
• Museum of Zoology and Herbarium
– Strong collections; increasing pressure to
serve a wider audience especially via the
Web
• Exhibits Museum of Natural History
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
Project Goals
• To develop increased access to the
Great Lakes region portions of the
Museums collections
• To develop an extensible infrastructure
for putting natural history collections
online
• To explore, prototype and test tools for
using the online resources for a variety
of scholarly and educational purposes
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
Museum Goals
• Additional support for digitizing
collections
• Opening their collections to new
audiences
• Opportunity to explore partnership
with the Library
– Support for maintenance and long-term
access to their data
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
(screen shot)
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
(screen shot)
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
Library Goals
• Extend digital library support from the
humanities to the natural sciences
• Test the ability of the existing
architecture to support new subjects
and methods of inquiry
• Extend digital library architecture to
include cross-class searching - text,
image, collection database records
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
Digital Library Holdings at the University of Michigan
Holdings as of March 2001
– Full electronic text
– Pages/images
– Bibliographic Records
– Words
– Bytes
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
31,558
6,684,342
57,081,109
2,536,312,477
190,629,303,672
University of Michigan - University Library
Digital Library Architecture at the
University of Michigan
• Image class
– Federation of diverse collection databases
– Support for image retrieval
• Text class
• Other classes such as bibliographic
data and archival finding aids
• Retrieval software available for licensing
• Middleware is Open Source (DLXS)
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
New Challenge - Cross-Class Searching
• To facilitate searching across text,
image, and collection database records
• To return results to users in ways that
will be useful to them, rather than simply
reflecting the characteristics of the
underlying systems
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
New Content
• Supplementing the museum
collection databases with:
– Field notes
• Surrogate records and page images
– Images
• New photography and digitization of
existing slides and negatives
– Major monographs
• Full text searching
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
New Audiences
• Non-specialist users
– Lifelong learners
– Undergraduate students
– K-12 users
• Specialist users working in areas such
as biodiversity research - working
outside the confines of a single
discipline
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
Metadata Challenges
• Federate data from multiple existing
databases
• Augment data to serve new audience
and uses
• Create metadata for new materials
• Provide basis for coherent shared
displays of search results
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
Collections Databases—Federation
Fish
Catalog
Mammals
Databases
Fungus
Catalog
Field Notes
(New Content)
Image
Metadata
Digital Library Metadata
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
Mammals Example
UMMZ Zoology Database Fields
Table 1
Rodents database fields
Museum no.
Locality
Sex
Collector LN
Skin
Initials
Skull
2nd collector
Skeleton
Initials
Fluid
Order
Baculum
Family
Glans
Genus
Karyotype
Species
Field no.
Subspecies
Day
Batch no.
Month
Comments
Year
# individuals
Country
State
County
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
Primary ID
LastMod
Catalog
Alcohol
Skeleton
Clear Stain
Genus
Species
Subspecies
Field[#]
Determiner
Cataloger
Type Status
Size
Remarks
Table 2
Location ID
LOCAcronym
LOCDATE
Latitude D
Latitude M
Latitude S
Longitude D
Longitude M
Longitude S
Latitude NS
Longitude EW
Map Data
Map Code
LocField
OceanCont
Country
State
County
Gear
Collectors
LocTime
Drainage
Temp.
Depth
Locality
LocRemarks
(incl. Orig
Field #)
University of Michigan - University Library
Augmenting Existing Content
• Common Names
• Geospatial Referencing
• Dates
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
Collections Databases—Federation
Fish
Catalog
Mammals
Databases
Species Name
Lookups
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
Fungus
Catalog
Digital
Library Metadata
Field Notes
(New Content)
Geospatial
Lookups
Image
Metadata
ISO
Date
Lookups
University of Michigan - University Library
Collections Databases—Augmentation
Fish
Catalog
Species Name
Lookups
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
Mammals
Databases
Fungus
Catalog
Digital
Library Metadata
Geospatial
Lookups
ISO
Date
Lookups
University of Michigan - University Library
New Databases
• Field Notes
• Image Metadata
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
Field Notes Structure—Collection Event
Collection
Event
Field
Catalog
(projected)
Species
Account
Join
File
Species
Table
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
Page Image
Table
Location
Data
Volume
Data
Collector
Data
University of Michigan - University Library
Field Notes Structure—Species Account
Collection
Event
Field
Catalog
(projected)
Species
Account
Join
File
Species
Table
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
Page Image
Table
Location
Data
Volume
Data
Collector
Data
University of Michigan - University Library
New Processes
• Matching field content to authoritative
forms for lookup construction (A miracle
happens here)
• Lookup export to originating databases
(if time and funds permit)
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
Mapping Image Collections into the Image
Services Metadata Structure
(what do art and fungi have in common?)
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
Dual Model of Image Representation
VRA Representation Model
• Work=physical entity that exists, has
existed at some time in the past, or that
could exist in the future (fish, field notes
page, painting, etc)
• Image=a visual representation of a work
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
Work/Image Relationships
• One work may have multiple image
representations (picture of whole
frog, frog parts, x-rays, etc.)
• Images may have sequential
derivations (photo is digitized,
digital file has thumbnail, etc.)
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
Separating Work Data from Image Data
Collector
Collection Date
Frog=Work
Data is inherited
Frog=Work
Photographer
Photograph Date
Photo of Frog=Image
Digitized Photo of Frog
(derived image)
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
Digitizer
Digitization
Date
University of Michigan - University Library
Why?
• Work only needs to be described once
• Image history is documented
• Each image is associated with data (like
creation dates) that are specific to its
existence
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
Storing data in the Digital Library
• Image database relates work and image
metadata
• Metadata exported as records with 1:1
correspondence with image file names
• Digital Library stores metadata and
image files using standard image class
model core categories
• User search calls up metadata and
linked images
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library
Desired result
• Users can search across classes and
collections using core fields (species,
common name, location, date) or
keywords
• Users can search within collections
using fields chosen from originating
database
• Displays can be customized to show
common or custom field labels.
ASC Annual Meeting
June 9, 2001
University of Michigan - University Library