Transcript Slide 1
Bell Ringer Define blame. Have you ever been blamed for something? Define blame. How did that make you feel? We will… Today in class… Describe the causes and impacts of the worldwide depression that followed WWI. You will be able to… Language Social Studies • Review the major provisions of the Treaty of Versailles. • Explain the causes of the worldwide depression during the 1930’s. • Explain the rise of totalitarian dictators in Europe and Asia. • Define: Depression, inflation, Tariff, Fascism, Totalitarian • Read an article about the rise of Hitler and answer questions. • Design a propaganda poster that Nazis might use to gain support in an election. NEXT TIME/SOON: Propaganda poster Unit Vocabulary 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Depression Appeasement Fascism Inflation Tariff Totalitarian 7. Blitzkrieg 8. Axis Powers 9. Ghetto 10. Final Solution 11. Holocaust 12. United Nations (UN) Depression Economic crisis that lasts several years Fascism Military form of government that includes extreme nationalism, few individual rights, and rule by a dictator Inflation Quickly increasing prices for goods One Loaf of Bread 1919 1922 1923 1 mark 160 marks 200 billion marks Tariff • Tax on imported goods with the goal of making home made goods more popular Totalitarian Form of government that does not allow individual freedoms and tries to control all aspects of life Impact of the Treaty of Versailles on Germany http://hometown.aol.co.uk/met alhead015/page3.html Treaty of Versailles’ Effect on Germany Excluded Germany from the League of Nations Took away its territories Severely restricted the size of their military Prohibited them from making or importing any war material • Forbid submarines and air force • Blamed Germany for 100% of war (“War Guilt”) • Forced them to pay $33 billion to the allied nations over a 30 year period. • • • • Some people felt the Treaty of Versailles was too harsh on Germany. Treaty of Versailles Caused…Inflation! • To pay for the war, Germany decided to print more money. – As the money lost its value, they printed more and more. • It then cost more and more to buy the same goods Money Became Totally Worthless • This caused the Germans to think their democratic government (the Weimar Republic) was also worthless. • U.S. loaned Germany $2 billion to help with their economy in the 1920s. • Only the U.S. and Japan had come out of the war in better financial shape than when they had gone into it. • Neither had to fight on its own soil. European Dynasties Were Overthrown • From 1914 to 1918 the remaining absolute rulers in Europe had been overthrown. • The Hapsburg, Romanov, and Ottoman dynasties/empires all ended. • Democratic governments began popping up everywhere. HIGH PROTECTIVE TARIFFS Tariff = tax on imported goods Tariffs were supposed to protect American farmers and manufacturers from foreign competition… …BUT…they didn’t!! Tariffs reduced the flow of goods into the US and prevented other countries from buying American goods. The bottom line – tariffs made it harder to trade People bought goods that they couldn’t afford on credit 1. The Stock Market was the most visible symbol of American prosperity. 2. In the 1920s stock prices rose steadily. 3. Economists warned the people about the weakness of the economy. Early September 1929: Stock prices peaked then fell and confidence begins to waver. October 24, 1929: The market takes a plunge. Panicked investors unload their shares. October 29, 1929: The Stock market crashes! Shareholders frantically tried to sell their stocks before prices went even lower. (16.4 million shares were traded) October 29, 1929 Black Tuesday Safari Montage - People's Century The Saga of World War II - Breadline: The Great Depression at Home Impact of the Worldwide Depression High Unemployment in Industrialized Countries 25% in the United States Bank failures and collapse of credit. Hard times make democracy & capitalism seem silly Many people lost faith in their democracies during the Great Depression, some turned towards Fascism & Nazism. The importance of the Nazi Party grew in Germany. The Nazi Party blamed European Jews for the economic collapse. National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi) Based on totalitarianism & belief in racial superiority. Faces of Totalitarianism Fascist Italy Nazi Germany Communist Soviet Union Benito Mussolini Adolf Hitler Joseph Stalin Hitler’s Rise to Power • Read the article • Answer the questions (1-7). • Complete the Propaganda poster assignment as homework – due next block