Transcript Chapter 3 Review Canada’s Charter of Rigts and Freedoms

Chapter 3 Review
Canada’s Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Vocabulary!!
Constitution - A special set of laws that establish a
framework of governance
Indian Act - Federal legislation related to the rights and
status of First Nations peoples first passed
in 1876 and amended several times.
Labor Union -
An organization of workers that acts to
protect workers’ rights and interests.
Vocabulary!!
Charter of Rights and Freedoms The part of Canada’s constitution which sets out
the framework for how Canada is to be
governed. It includes individual rights and
collective rights.
War Measures Act The War Measures Act was a Canadian statute
that allowed the government to assume sweeping
emergency powers in the event of "war, invasion
or insurrection, real or apprehended”
Vocabulary!!
Rights What individuals and groups are allowed to do in
society, as established in law.
Suffrage The right to vote or to run for office.
Internment -
the imprisonment or confinement of people,
commonly in large groups, without trial.
Questions!!!
What is “governance?”
The rules that describe what the government
can do with its power.
When did the Charter of Rights and Freedoms come into effect?
It dates from 1982!
It contains what 2 classifications of rights?
Individual Rights and Collective Rights
Questions!!!
What does entrenched mean?
It means that something is fixed firmly within something else.
Who was Prime Minister when the Charter was entrenched into
the Constitution?
Pierre Trudeau
Who has the final decision as to whether or not rights have
been violated?
The Human Rights Commission
What is the Notwithstanding Clause?
The ability to declare a law or part of a law temporarily "notwithstanding”.
To override the Charter protections for a limited period of time. This is done
by including a section in the law clearly specifying which rights have been
overridden. Can last a max. of 5 years.
Your Rights!
Fundamental Freedoms:
The freedom to express your opinions
The freedom to choose your own religion
The freedom to organize peaceful meetings
and demonstrations
The freedom to associate with any person or
group
Your Rights!
Democratic Rights:
The right to vote for members of the House of
Commons and of provincial legislatures
The right to vote for a new government at
least every 5 years
Your Rights!
Mobility Rights:
The right to move anywhere in Canada
and to earn a living there
The right to enter, stay in, or leave Canada
Your Rights!
Legal Rights:
The right t be free of imprisonment, search and
seizure without reasons backed by law and evidence
The right to a fair and quick public trial by an
impartial court that assumes you are
innocent until proven guilty
Your Rights!
Equality Rights:
The right to be free of discrimination
because of race, national or ethnic origin,
religion, gender, age, or mental or
physical disability
Questions!!!
The Indian Act
When was it passed?
Passed in 1876
What was it about?
Required First Nations people to obtain government
permission wear traditional clothing.
Banned traditional ceremonies, such as the
Sundance of the Siksika.
Prevented the First Nations from taking
political action.
Questions!!!
The Indian Act
What was unfair about this Act?
The First Nations people where the subject of the Act but
were never involved in the decision making. They were
not consulted at all.
It was a way to oppress their culture simply because it
was believed to be inferior to the European one.
Questions!!!
Canadian Women and the Right to Vote
When did women secure the right to vote?
1918
Who was Emily Howard Stowe?
Canada’s first female doctor who founded a club to
promote women’s suffrage.
Why did she give it a cover name and what was that name?
The idea was so radical at the time, they could
Have faced major issues so she gave it the cover
Name “The Toronto Women’s Literary Club”
Questions!!!
Internment of Ukrainian Canadians
What event prompted the internment? In what year?
WWI in 1918 Ukraine was in enemy hands.
What allowed the Canadian government to do so?
The War Measures Act passed in 1914 at the
outbreak of war.
What happened to these Ukrainians?
- Some deported
- Homes and possessions seized
- Made to do labor for little or no wages
Questions!!!
Internment of Italian Canadians
What event prompted the internment? In what year?
WWII in 1940 Italy declared war on Canada.
What allowed the Canadian government to do so?
The War Measures Act
What happened to these Italians?
- worked on the Railway
- Sent to work camps
- Property seized
- Made to do labor for little or no wages
Questions!!!
Internment of Japanese Canadians
What event prompted the internment? In what year?
WWII in 1941 Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor.
What allowed the Canadian government to do so?
The War Measures Act
What happened to these Japanese Canadians?
- Moved inland, away from the coast
- Property was supposed t be safe
guarded by the government but wasn’t
- Made to do labor for little or no wages
Questions!!!
Internment Responses
How was the Ukrainian internment recognized and when?
In 2005, Canada passed the internment of Persons of Ukrainian Origin
Recognition Act. It acknowledges this event in Canadian history.
How was the Italian internment recognized and when?
In 1990, Prime Minister Brian Mulroney apologized to Canada’s Italian
community for the internment.
How was the Japanese internment recognized and when?
In 1988, Canada’s government formally apologized to
Japanese Canadians.
Questions!!!
FLQ Crisis
When and where did this take place?
In Montreal in 1970
Who was involved?
The Front de libération du Québec. A terrorist group working
for French domination and sovereignty in Quebec.
What triggered it?
The FLQ kidnapped government officials and put
ransoms on them to obtain their goals.
Why is this important?
This is the third time the War Measures Act was used in Canadian
History and the only time it was used in peacetime.
Questions!!!
The Charter and Law Making
What are some of your responsibilities?
- Challenge government legislation that threaten individual rights.
- Make the decision to exercise your rights.
- Examine the extent to which lawmakers are fair and equitable
in protecting individual rights.
Two examples we looked at?
- A deaf person who requires an interpreter to help understand her
doctor’s advice.
- In June 2007, Canada’s government banned certain people from
traveling by air for security reasons.
Questions!!!
The Charter and The Workplace
What does the charter protect against in the workplace?
- No discrimination based on age.
- No discrimination based on gender.
- No discrimination based on race or ethnic origin.
What are two examples we looked at?
- Ontario women and five labor unions launched a challenge arguing that
the province was discriminating against them based on gender. They
fought for Pay Equity.
- University of Alberta professor Olive Dickason challenged whether they
could force her to retire at age 65 claiming it was discrimination based on age.
Questions!!!
The Crooked Path to Liberty
What did Galileo Galilei get convicted of heresy for?
-For putting forward the idea that the Earth revolved around the sun when
the church taught it the opposite.
What part of the Charter would this conviction go against?
-The fundamental freedom to express your own opinions and possibly
the right to choose your own religion.
Who was Desmond Tutu? What did he suggest?
- He was a leader in the fight against South Africa’s apartheid system. He
said that they must use methods that won’t be looked back on in disgust
or dislike but “methods that will withstand the harsh scrutiny of history.”
Questions!!!
Modern Issues
What are some examples of times when the Charter is not
being upheld as it should?
- Aboriginal housing continues to be sub standard.
Eg. The little girl who died in a house fire because it burnt up so quickly.
- Mr.. Dziekanski was killed when shot five times by a taser gun because there
Was a communication gap. He spoke neither English or French and no one
could translate.
- Abousfian Abdelrazik was arrested and without a trial imprisoned when he went
back to Sudan to visit family. He was not allowed back into Canada because they
will not issue him a new Canadian passport.