Transcript WHAT IS RESEARCH ALL ABOUT, ANYWAY?

The
Importance of
Practicing
Ethics in
Research
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
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Summarize why it is important to practice
ethical research.
Describe the basic principles of ethical
research.
Distinguish between ethical and unethical
research practices.
Summarize the role of professional
organizations in providing ethical guidelines.
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
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A Bit of History
Basic Principles of Ethical Research
Ensuring High Ethical Standards
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
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David Resnick timeline
Tuskegee Syphilis Study, 1932-1972
U.S. Government, Research on effects of radiation
on human beings, 1944-1980
1966 Henry Beecher article on 22 unethical
studies published in New England Journal of
Medicine
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1974, Congress passes the National Research
Act, authorizing federal agencies to develop
human research regulations
Ongoing, Initiatives through professional
organizations, universities, federal government
to promote ethical conduct in research.
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
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Protect from harm
Maintain privacy
Avoid coercion
Provide for informed consent
◦ When using children as subjects, you must gain
permission from parents, and you must exercise
extra caution.
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Maintain confidentiality
Debrief, especially if you have used
deception
Share benefits
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
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Do a computer simulation if possible.
If the treatment might be harmful, try to find a
population that has already been “naturally”
treated.
Always secure informed consent.
If possible, report summary data rather than
individual results.
If the treatment might have adverse side effects,
begin with a small sample.
Ask your colleagues to review your proposal.
Receive Institutional Review Board approval to help
ensure that you are meeting ethical guidelines.
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
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American Psychological Association (APA)
Ethical Guidelines
Society for Research in Child Development
(SRCD) Ethical Guidelines
American Educational Research Association
American Sociological Association
American Medical Association
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.
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Generally, you may quote if the site does not
prohibit use of information
Gaining consent should not disrupt normal,
ongoing activities of real-time sites
Be conscientious about obtaining consent
Defend the confidentiality and identity of
participants in public forums when results are
reported
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.




Summarize why it is important to practice
ethical research?
Describe the basic principles of ethical
research?
Distinguish between ethical and unethical
research practices?
Summarize the role of professional
organizations in providing ethical guidelines?
© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.