Transcript Selling an Idea or a Product

QPR
Ask A Question,
Save A Life
Terri Lucero Osborn, Ph.D.
Katie Dunker, M.S.
©
Suicide Stats
31,484 deaths annually*
2002
31,655
2001
30,622
2000
29,350
1999
1998
1997
1996
29,199
30,575
30,535
30,903
attributed to suicide
*2003 Data
Suicide is a leading cause of death
Rank & Cause
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Number of deaths
1. Diseases of the heart
2. Malignant neoplasms (cancer)
3. Cerebrovascular diseases (strokes)
4. Chronic lower respiratory diseases
5. Accidents
6. Diabetes
7. Pneumonia and influenza
8. Alzheimer’s disease
9. Nephritis, nephrosis (kidney disease)
10. Septicemia
11. SUICIDE
685,089
556,902
157,689
126,382
109,277
74,219
65,163
63,487
42,453
34,069
31,484
Ranking 11th in the USA
1 suicide every 16.7 minutes
or
86 suicides every day
3,988 young people
(age 15-24)
complete suicide each year
a rate of one suicide every two hours
2nd Leading Cause of Death for
College Students!
(3rd for 15-24 year olds)
Mental Health on Campus
• Within the last 12 months, how many college
students reported experiencing:
– Depression 17.8%
– Anxiety Disorder 12.4%
– Seasonal Affective Disorder 8.1%
– Substance Abuse problem 3.4%
– Bulimia 2.3%
– Anorexia 1.9%
Academic Impacts
Within the last school year students reported the
following factors affecting their individual academic
performance.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Stress 32%
Cold/Flu/Sore Throat 26%
Sleep Difficulties 23.9%
Concern for a troubled friend or family
member 18%
Depression/Anxiety Disorder/Season
Affective Disorder 15.7%
Relationship Difficulty 15.6%
Depression in college
reported in the last year
• Feeling so depressed it was difficult to
function:
– 1 to 10 times 36.7%
– 11+ times 7.1%
• Seriously considering attempting suicide:
– 1 to 10 times 8.4%
– 11+ times 0.9%
• Attempting suicide:
– 1 to 10 times 1.2%
– 11+ times 0.1%
Depression in College
• Students reported diagnosed with depression:
– Males = 9.8%
– Females = 17.7%
– Overall, 14.8%
• Of those students reporting ever having been
diagnosed with depression:
– 34.4% diagnosed in the last school year
– 26.4% currently in therapy for depression
– 36.6% currently taking medication for depression
Risk Factors
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Male
White
15-24 years old
Alcohol/Substance Abuse
Depression/Mood Disorder
Relationship Conflict
Any Previous Suicide Attempts
And… living in the Rocky Mountain States?
WHY?
What area of
the US do you
think has the
LOWEST rates
of suicide?
National ranking and rate of suicide, 2003
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
16
Wyoming
Montana
Nevada
Alaska19.1
New Mexico
Oregon
Colorado
Idaho
Arizona
West Virginia
Utah
Kentucky
Arkansas
Oklahoma
Florida
Vermont
South Dakota
21.8
19.6
19.4
18
19
20
21 Kansas
18.3
22
16.6
23
16.0
24
15.9
24
15.1
26
14.7
27
14.3
28
13.8
29
13.7
29
13.6
31
13.5
32
13.4
33
13.4
34
Washington
Tennessee
North Dakota
12.7
New Hampshire
Iowa
Missouri
Indiana
Wisconsin
Mississippi
Alabama
Delaware
South Carolina
North Carolina
Georgia
Virginia
Pennsylvania
13.1
35
13.0
36
12.8
37
38 Louisiana
12.3
39
12.0
40
11.9
41
11.9
42
11.8
43
11.7
44
11.6
45
11.5
46
11.5
46
11.4
48
11.2
49
10.9
50
10.8
51
Texas
Maine
Hawaii
10.7
10.5
10.4
10.3
Michigan
Nebraska
Minnesota
California
Ohio
Maryland
Illinois
Connecticut
Rhode Island
New Jersey
Massachusetts
Dist of Columbia
New York
10.2
10.1
9.8
9.6
9.4
8.9
8.0
7.8
7.8
6.8
6.7
6.4
6.1
USA Total Rate 10.8
(Rates are per 100,000 people)
What about the Holidays or Winter? Is
that a time of “risk”?
Means & Opportunity
The
Alcohol/Drugs
Lethal
Triad
Upset or in
Crisis
Estimates on attempted suicide
25 attempts for each documented death
(Note: 31,484 suicides translates into 787,100 attempts annually)
Number of suicide survivors
It is estimated that there are
6 survivors
for each death by suicide
Note: A “suicide survivor” is someone who
has lost a loved one to death by suicide
The ratio of 6 survivors per suicide
means there are:
6 new survivors every 17 minutes
OR
504 new survivors each day
Survivors in the US population
4,496,022
suicide survivors
5
4
749,337
deaths by suicide
3
2
1
2002
1 of every 65 Americans
is estimated to be a suicide survivor
2000
1998
1996
1994
1992
1990
1988
1986
1984
1982
1980
1978
1976
1974
1972
1970
0
QPR
Question
Persuade
Refer
©
QPR
• QPR is not intended to be a
form of counseling or
treatment.
• QPR is intended to offer hope
through positive action.
©
QPR
Suicide Myths and Facts
Myth
No one can stop a suicide, it is inevitable.
Fact
If people in a crisis get the help they need,
they will probably never be suicidal again.
©
QPR
Suicide Myths and Facts
Myth
Confronting a person about suicide will only
make them angry and increase the risk of
suicide.
Fact
Asking someone directly about suicidal intent
lowers anxiety, opens up communication
and lowers the risk of an impulsive act.
©
QPR
Suicide Myths and Facts
Myth
Only experts can prevent suicide.
Fact
Suicide prevention is everybody’s business,
and anyone can help prevent the tragedy of
suicide
©
QPR
Suicide Myths and Facts
Myth
Suicidal people keep their plans to themselves.
Fact
Most suicidal people communicate their intent
sometime during the week preceding their
attempt.
©
QPR
Suicide Myths and Facts
Myth
Those who talk about suicide don’t do it.
Fact
People who talk about suicide may try, or even
complete, an act of self-destruction.
©
QPR
Suicide Myths and Facts
Myth
Once a person decides to complete suicide,
there is nothing anyone can do to stop them.
Fact
Suicide is the most preventable kind of death,
and almost any positive action may save a life.
©
How Can I Help?
ASK THE QUESTION.
QPR
Suicide Clues And Warning Signs
The more clues and signs observed, the
greater the risk. Take all signs seriously.
©
QPR Direct Verbal Clues:
“I’ve decided to kill myself.”
“I wish I were dead.”
“I’m going to commit suicide.”
“I’m going to end it all.”
“If (such and such) doesn’t happen,
I’ll kill myself.”
©
QPR Direct Verbal Clues:
“I’m tired of life, I just can’t go on.”
“My family would be better off without
me.”
“Who cares if I’m dead anyway.”
“I just want out.”
“I won’t be around much longer.”
“Pretty soon you won’t have to worry
about me.”
©
Behavioral Clues:
Any previous suicide attempt
Acquiring a gun or stockpiling pills
Co-occurring depression, moodiness,
hopelessness
Putting personal affairs in order
Giving away prized possessions
Sudden interest or disinterest in religion
Drug or alcohol abuse, or relapse after a period
of recovery
Unexplained anger, aggression and irritability
©
Situational Clues:
Being fired or being expelled from school
A recent unwanted move
Loss of any major relationship
Death of a spouse, child, or best friend,
especially if by suicide
Diagnosis of a serious or terminal illness
Sudden unexpected loss of freedom/fear of
punishment
Anticipated loss of financial security
Loss of a cherished therapist, counselor
Fear of becoming a burden to others
©
Question
Less Direct Approach:
• “Have you been unhappy lately?
Have you been very unhappy lately?
Have you been so very unhappy lately
that you’ve been thinking about ending
your life?”
• “Do you ever wish you could go to sleep
©
and never wake up?”
Question
Direct Approach:
“You look pretty miserable, I wonder if
you’re thinking about suicide?”
“You know, when people are as upset as
you seem to be, they sometimes wish they
were dead. I’m wondering if you’re feeling
that way, too?”
“Are you thinking about killing yourself?”
©
If you cannot ask the
question, find someone
who can.
QPR
Tips for Asking the Suicide Question
If in doubt, don’t wait, ask the question
If the person is reluctant, be persistent
Talk to the person alone in a private setting
Allow the person to talk freely
Give yourself plenty of time
Have your resources handy; QPR Card,
phone numbers, counselor’s name and
any other information that might help
©
How you ask the
question is less important
than that you ask it
How NOT to Ask
the Question
“You’re not suicidal, are
you?”
“You wouldn’t do anything
CRAZY would you?”
©
Persuade
HOW TO PERSUADE SOMEONE TO STAY ALIVE
• Listen to the problem and give
them your full attention
• Remember, suicide is not the
problem, only the solution to a
perceived insoluble problem
• Do not rush to judgment
• Offer HOPE in any form
©
Persuade
Then Ask:
• “Will you go with me to get help?”
• “Will you let me help you get help?”
• “Will you promise me not to kill
yourself
until we’ve found some help?”
YOUR WILLINGNESS TO LISTEN AND TO HELP
CAN REKINDLE HOPE, AND MAKE ALL THE
DIFFERENCE.
©
•
Refer
Suicidal people often believe they cannot
be helped, so you may have to do more.
1. The best referral involves taking the person
directly to someone who can help.
2. The next best referral is getting a
commitment from them to accept help, then
making the arrangements to get that help. ©
Refer
3. The third best referral is to give referral
information and try to get a good faith
commitment not to complete or attempt
suicide.
Any willingness to accept help at some time,
even if in the future, is a good outcome.
©
REMEMBER:
Since almost all efforts to persuade
someone to live instead of attempt suicide
will be met with agreement and relief, don’t
hesitate to get involved or take the lead.
©
For Effective QPR
• Say: “I want you to live,” or “I’m on your
side...we’ll get through this.”
• Get Others Involved. Ask the person who
else might help. Family? Friends?
Brothers? Sisters? Pastors? Priest?
Rabbi? Bishop? Physician?
©
For Effective QPR
• Join a Team. Offer to work with clergy,
therapists, psychiatrists or whomever is
going to provide the counseling or
treatment.
• Follow up with a visit, a phone call or a
card, and in whatever way feels
comfortable to you, let the person know
you care about what happens to them.
Caring may save a life.
©
REMEMBER
WHEN YOU APPLY QPR, YOU
PLANT THE SEEDS OF HOPE.
HOPE HELPS PREVENT SUICIDE.
©
Call (or refer to) LIFELINE
1-800-273-TALK or
1-800-SUICIDE
Questions?