Transcript Solar Energy in China

Solar Energy
Utilization in China
Wang Qiming
Counsellor for S & T
Embassy of the People’s Republic of China
12 September 2007
1
Contents

China solar energy industry

Government support to solar
energy industry

Future trends and key
development areas
2
China solar energy
industry
3
China solar energy industry
Solar energy utilization includes:

Solar power generation
 Photovoltaic power (mainstream)
 Solar thermal power

Solar heat utilization
 Solar water heater (mainstream)
 Others: solar house, solar oven, solar dryer
and solar sea water desalination
4
Solar Power Generation
Solar Photovoltaic Power

1984: annual output 200 KM

1988: annual output 4.5 MW

2005: annual output 139 MW

2006: annual output 300 MW

China: ranking the 3rd in the world

Solar energy efficiency of monocrystalline
silicon cell : 11-13% (commercial), 25%
(in lab)
5
Solar Power Generation
Solar Photovoltaic Power (up to 2006)
 Mainly in west China used in rural areas,
communication stations, oil fields, transport
stations, meteorology and military posts
 40 solar PV power stations built with total
capacity: 600 KW
 150,000 solar power units in rural areas,
total capacity: 2.9MW
A solar power
station in Tibet
 Lanzhou-Lhasa optical fiber cables, solar
pv power used in 26 communication
stations
 216 satellite earth stations in Tibet
powered by solar panel
6
China solar heat utilization
Solar heat utilization
in China Includes 5
parts:

solar water heater
(mainstream)

solar house

solar oven

solar dryer

solar sea water
desalination
7
China solar heat utilization
Development up to year 2004
Solar water heater
2004 production
in 1,000 M2
Total amount in
1,000 M2/pcs
13,500
62,000
Solar house
20,000
Solar oven
500
Solar dryer
R&D in demo stage
Solar seawater
desalination
R&D in demo stage
8
Solar Water Heater
Year
Production
(1000 m2)
Increase
(%)
Total amount
(1000 m2)
Sale
(%)
1998
3,500
1999
5,000
43
20,000
33
2000
6,400
28
26,000
30
2001
8,200
28
32,000
23
2002
10,000
22
40,000
25
2003
12,000
20
50,000
25
2004
13,500
12.5
62,000
24
2005
15,000
11.1
75,000
21
2006
18,000
20
90,000
20
15,000
9
Solar Water Heater
9000
8000
7000
6000
5000
Annual output
Total Amount
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
10
Solar water heater

Three kinds of solar water heater: vacuum
tube, flat Plat and direct solarization

In 2004, total output of solar water heater
13.5 million m2
 Vacuum tube type:11.8 million m2, 87.5% of
the total
 Flat plat type: 1.525 million m2, 11.3% of the
total
 Direct solarization: 0.162 million m2, 1.2% of
the total
11
Application of Solar Water Heater
Main users are family households
 Market share in 2001
 Gas heater 20.5%
 Electrical water heater 11.2%
 Solar water heater 5.7%
 Market share in 2004
 Gas heater 22.9%
 Electrical water heater 15.4%
 Solar water heater 12.3%
12
Governmental
Support to Solar
Energy Industry
13
R & D Input



Chinese government has been increasing
R&D support to renewable energy industry
Main programmes: Key Research Program,
863 program, 973 program, Natural Science
Foundation
R&D input（￥ to Rs times 5.2）
 7th five-year (1985-89):
￥30 million
 8th five-year (1990-95):
￥30 million
 9th five-year (1996-00):
￥60 million
 10th five-years (2001-05):
￥220 million
14
Financial support




From 1987 to 1997, ￥120 million per year
technical innovation loan to support
renewable energy industries
In 2002, ￥175 million technical innovation
loan further allocated to the production lines
upgrading solar industries
Financial support also available from local
governments
In 2007, National Reform and Planning
Commission launched a “bright project” with
￥10 billion to application of PV power
15
Promote standardization and
legislation
The standard systems set up for solar water heater

Standard system for solar water heater, including
16 national technical standards and 3 industrial
standards

All production in solar water heaters are
standardized consistent to the standard systems
16
Promote standardization and
legislation

Setting up a solar water heater quality monitoring
and authentication system
 Three quality monitoring centers set up in Beijing,
Wuhan and Kunming
 An authentication center set up in Beijing by 2004

Legislation
 On 28 February 2005 China released the Renewable
Energy Act, enforcing from 1 January 2006
17
Future development
and key development
areas
18
China’s Long-Term Plan for
Renewable Energies up to 2020


On the day of 4
September 2007,
China released a plan
for next 13 years of
renewable energies up
to 2020
By 2010 renewable
energies 10% of total
consumption; by 2020
reaches 15%
2010
2020
Hydro
power
190 GW 300 GW
Biopower
5.5 GW 30 GW
Wind
power
5 GW
Solar
power
0.5 GW 1.8 GW
30 GW
Solar is more expensive, still 7 times higher than coal power
19
Solar Market Development

Combination of solar energy in
building industry
 China’s building and real estate
industries in fast moving, annual
building completion area 200 million
m2
 Goal: contributing 6.5% of energy
consumption of buildings
 Many cities in China launched
scheme of “solar hotwater for million
houses”
20
Solar Market Development

Rural areas, a huge market for solar energy
utilization
 in 2000, total housing area 17 billion m2
 in 2020, total housing area 26 billion m2

Rural housing is scattered in a vast areas,
traditional energy (coal, electricity, natural gas),
not technically and economically efficient

But a great potential for solar energy in rural
areas where there is no access to electricity and
natural gas
21
Solar Market Development
Toward remote areas:

Solar power station for telecommunication

Solar power unit for satellite ground stations

Solar power pumps

Solar power station for schools


Solar power unit for individual farmer
households
Solar power unit for frontier military posts
22
Technology Development Treads

Integration of solar energy
in buildings

Solar lights

Solar city demo in Baoding

Solar energy sea water
desalination

Solar drying technique and
its application

Medium and high
temperature utilization
(thermal power generation)
23
Thank You！
24