Transcript The Constitution - Mr. Pourchot's History Class

Bell Ringer #2
Do you think it is okay for people to
be protesting the shooting of
Michael Brown in Ferguson, MO?
(Ask somebody if you don’t know
what Ferguson is)
Content Vocab
Bicameral Legislature
Federalist Papers
Enumerated Powers
Checks and Balances
Bill of Rights
Academic Vocab
Ratify
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The Madisonian Model
To prevent a tyranny of the
majority, Madison proposed a
government of:
– Limiting Majority Control
– Separating Powers
– Creating Checks and Balances
– Establishing a Federal System
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The Madisonian Model
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Ratifying the Constitution
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Ratifying the Constitution
Federalist Papers
– A collection of 85 articles written by Alexander
Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison under the
name “Publius” to defend the Constitution
Bill of Rights
– The first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution,
drafted in response to some of the Anti-Federalist
concerns about the lack of basic liberties
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Ratifying the Constitution
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Constitutional Change
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Constitutional Change
The Informal Process of
Constitutional Change
– Judicial Interpretation
• Marbury v. Madison (1803): judicial review
– Changing Political Practice
– Technology
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The Importance of Flexibility
The Constitution is short, with fewer
than 8,000 words.
It does not prescribe every detail.
– There is no mention of congressional committees or
independent regulatory commissions.
The Constitution is not static, but flexible
for future generations to determine their
own needs, hence the expression “The
Living Constitution”
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman.
The Four Linkage Institutions
The way people access the
government and government access
the people.
Media
Interest groups/ PACS
Political parties
Elections
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For the APG Test
The U.S. Constitution is composed
of 7 articles.
The APG Test often has questions
concerning the components of each
article.
You should know where and what is
in each article.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman.
Article I
Article 1: The Legislative Branch
– Powers of legislative branch, 17 enumerated
powers
– Bicameral legislature
– Qualifications for holding office
– Terms of office
– Methods of selection
– System of apportionment
– Section 8 carefully lists the enumerated powers –
17 specific powers
– Necessary and Proper Clause
• Elastic clause – basis for implied powers
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Article II
Article II: The Executive Branch
–
–
–
–
–
Vests the executive power in a president
Sets the president’s term at 4 years
Explains the Electoral College
States the qualifications for office
Describes the mechanism to replace the president
in case of death, disability, or removal
– Powers and duties found in Section 3
• Commander in chief, authority to make treaties
with Senate consent, appointment power, State
of the Union, and the “take care” clause,
removal of the president
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Article III
Article III: The Judicial Branch
– Establishes a Supreme Court and defines
its jurisdiction
– Supreme Court was given power to settle
disputes between states or between national
government and states.
– Ultimately, Supreme Court would
determine what provisions of the
Constitution actually meant.
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Article IV
*Full Faith and Credit Clause
• Judicial decrees and contracts made in one state
will be binding and enforceable in other states.
*Privileges and Immunities Clause
Guarantees that the citizens of each state are
afforded the same rights as citizens of all other
states
• Mechanisms for admitting new states to the
Union
• Guarantees a “Republican form of government”,
a government rooted in the consent of the
governed
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Articles V - VII
– Article V specifies the procedure for how
amendments can be added to the Constitution.
– Article VI contains the Supremacy Clause.
• Provides that the “Constitution, and the laws of the
United States” as well as all treaties are to be the
supreme law of the land.
• Also specifies that no religious test shall be required for
holding office.
– Article VII concerns the procedures for ratification
of the new Constitution.
• Nine of thirteen states would have to agree to, or ratify, its
new provisions before it would become the supreme law of
the land.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman.
Summary
The Constitution was ratified to
strengthen congressional economic
powers, even with disagreements
over issues of equality.
Protection of individual rights
guaranteed through the Bill of
Rights.
Formal and informal changes
continue to shape our Madisonian
system of government.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman.