Transcript Special Diets - Paignton Online

Special Diets
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Special diets
Lots of people choose what they eat very carefully for all
sorts of reasons. Can you think of any?
personal preferences
religion or culture
their time of life
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health problems
sporting activities
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Special diets
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Diets without meat
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Replacing the nutrients
Vegetarians and vegans choose to restrict their diet
because of their personal beliefs.
If you choose to leave out whole food groups from your
diet, you have to be very careful that you still get all the
nutrients your body needs.
Meat is a good source of protein, which vegetarians
and vegans have to replace with nuts and beans, plus
meat substitutes like tofu and Quorn. Vegetarians can
also get extra protein from dairy products like cheese.
Some vegetarian food is designed
to look like meat, like these
Cumberland sausages.
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Times of life
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Food intolerance
Some people have to restrict their diet because their
bodies react badly to certain types of food. We call this
food intolerance.
Other people are allergic to some foods. Their body
thinks the food isn’t safe and releases chemicals like
histamines to deal with it.
The most common allergies are to milk, eggs, nuts, fish,
shellfish, soya and wheat.
A severe allergic reaction causes the body to go into
shock, and in rare cases the person can die.
Labelling foods clearly is very important to people with
food intolerance or allergies.
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Choosing alternatives
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Health problems
Some medical conditions can mean that people need
special diets.
Diabetes develops when someone’s body can’t use
glucose properly, and this can lead to too much glucose
in the blood.
Some types of diabetes need to be treated with insulin
to help the body process the glucose. Other types can be
controlled by diet.
People with diabetes should eat a diet that is low in fat
and sugar and high in fruit, vegetables and starch.
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Sports nutrition
Sportsmen and women take their diet very seriously,
because it can help to improve their performance.
Physical exercise uses up energy, and it is important to
eat the right foods to provide an energy store. Starches
release their energy more slowly than sugars,
and are good for long distance.
It is also important to keep up fluids to
avoid becoming dehydrated.
Exactly what the best diet is for sport will
depend on the type of sport, and
professional sportsmen and women will be
helped to find the best diet by their trainer.
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Spot the mistakes
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Summary
If we eat a balanced diet, most of us will get all the
nutrients we need.
If we exclude a food group, we must make sure we still
get the missing nutrients from other sources.
Some people restrict their diet for religious reasons.
Some have medical reasons for avoiding certain
foods.
Some people change their diet for personal reasons.
Sportsmen and women may have special diets planned
for them by their coach or a dietician.
Our dietary needs change as we grow older, and are
not always the same for men and women.
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