Transcript TC Strategy

EuropeAid
Reforming Technical Cooperation
__________________
The Backbone Strategy
on TC & its core
elements
__________________
EUROPEAN
COMMISSION
Main challenges __________
Not enough focus
on results
Supply-driven
EuropeAid
Mixed standard
of experts
quality
… and little evidence
of change
Unsatisfactory
tracking
of TA performance …
Parallel PIUs
- outside country
structures –
absorb resources and
do not develop
capacities
Overreliance on
northern commercial
providers
2
Drivers of change __________
EuropeAid

International Aid Effectiveness commitments – Paris
indicators:
 Indicator 4: 50% of TC implemented via coordinated
programmes
 Indicator 6: reduce by 2/3 the stock of parallell PIUs
 EU targets:
 Provide all capacity building assistance via coordinated
programmes and increasing use of multi donors arrangements
 Avoid the establishment of (parallel) PIU
3
European Court of Auditors on TA
(2006) __________
EuropeAid
Recommended areas of work:
 improve design + result orientation
 promote new sources/types of providers
 better selection of expertise/revision of evaluation criteria
 enhance coordination among donors
 performance tracking/database
 more ownership
4
Vision __________
EuropeAid
Improved effectiveness and sustainability of EC
development assistance, based on:
Provision of “quality TC” that
supports country-led
programmes, based on
partner demand and focused
on sustainable results
Provision of support through
partner-owned project
implementation
arrangements, with a
substantial reduction of
Parallel PIUs
5
Eight guiding principles __________
8. Consider
innovative
options for TC
provision
7. Avoid use of
Parallel PIU &
promote effective
Project
Implementation
Arrangements
6. Work
through
harmonized
and aligned
actions
1. Primary aim
is Capacity
Development
EC
Technical
Cooperation
5. Take account
of
country/sector
requirements
EuropeAid
2.Demand led
approach
where TC is
not provided
by default
3.Strong result
orientation
4.Country
owned &
managed TC
processes
6
In line with the Accra Agenda for Action
(AAA) __________
EuropeAid
Donors’ support for capacity development will be demanddriven and designed to support country ownership
Developing Countries and Donors will :
 i) jointly select and manage technical cooperation
 ii) promote the provision of technical cooperation by local and regional
resources, including through South-South Cooperation
Donors will strengthen their own capacity and skills to be
more responsive to developing countries’ needs
7
Four purposes of Technical cooperation
__________
EuropeAid
8
The five working axis __________
EuropeAid
4. Communication, knowledge management,
training
1. Strategic dialogue
2. Improve design management & accountability
3. Improve tendering, contracting & other procedures
5. Implementation and monitoring of the Strategy
9
Axis 1: Strategic dialogue on TC and
PIUs __________
EuropeAid
At country level – menu of interventions:
Support sector/national policies on TC and PIU
Support plans for capacity development at sector level
Address public sector reforms
Promote dialogue on "top up“
Inform other donors on TC operations in the pipeline
engage in joint/co-financing
HQ level:
participation in ongoing dialogue at international level
promote joint guidance
organize joint training/sector seminars
10
Axis 2: TC design, management and
accountability __________
Better design - Guidelines
on TC:
Assess demand for TC
Consider/adapt to context
Assess existing capacity
Optimize harmonization
Result oriented design
Get the right inputs – Dos
and Don’ts in ToR
 Monitor/evaluate results
 … beyond PIU towards
implementation
arrangements






EuropeAid
Process wise:
 Partner countries
involvement in project
design and management
 accountability of TC
providers to partner
countries
 Better monitoring and
performance assessment
systems
11
A summary of the Guidelines in 6 lines
__________
1.
Convert ownership into practice : results, roles,
inputs to be defined both for partners and donors
2.
Assess/adapt to demand, to context and to existing
capacity – and harmonize
3.
Let results be the driver
4.
Analyse options, look for the right type of provider
5.
Track / monitor results, ensure domestic
accountability
6.
…… think in terms of project implementation
arrangements
EuropeAid
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Donor
TC inputs &
activities
Partner-owned TC support
Focusing on the partner’s programme
__________
Donor
TC inputs
&
activities
Activities by
partner and by
donor TC
inputs, under
partner
leadership
is wrongly assumed
leading to
“may” lead to
EuropeAid
Sustainable
capacity and
results
Sustainable
capacity and
results
13
Result-oriented TC support
Look for results beyond TC deliverable
__________
EuropeAid
Start from feasible impact, work backwards to determine
if and how TC support may be and feasible relevant
Recurrent
inputs
Internal
resourc
es
TC
support
Capacity
Outputs
Outcomes
Wider
impact
CD
processes
14
Programme implementation arrangements
…Programme implementation
arrangement… __________
EuropeAid
Five key parameters:
1.
Governance and accountability
2.
Management set-up
3.
Logistical autonomy
4.
Relations between TC experts, partners and the EC
5.
EC’s and other donors’ roles
More autonomous or more integrated depending on
purpose / nature of the programme and changing over
time
!! No blueprint solutions – help partners to
get it right and flexible
15
Quality Matrix in a snapshot__________
1. Demand,
2. Fits the
3. The
4. Link to
5. The
adequate
ownership
and
capacity of
partners
context and
existing
capacity
support is
harmonised
and
sustainability
of benefits
considered
outputs and
expected
outcomes
programme
implementation
arrangements
are appropriate
•Commitment
and demand
•Partner
participation
• No critical
constraints
•Existing
capacity enable
absorption
•Similar
programmes/TC
support has
worked
• Synergies and
harmonisation
options
explored
•Stand-alone TC
support clearly
justified
•Results
defined beyond
TC deliverables
•Partner inputs
are specified
EuropeAid
•PIA is adequate
for results
•Managerial
autonomy is
adequate
•Partners lead
and are
accountable to
domestic
stakeholders
16
Quality Grid: self assessment at country
level __________
EuropeAid
To be attached to the Action Fiche for “significant” TC
operations and all TC focused programmes
1. How have key stakeholders express
their demand (…) ?
2. How does the context analysis
confirm that TC is the appropriate aid
response (…) ?
3. What synergies and harmonization
options have been explored (…)?
4. How are outputs and expected
outcomes defined (…)?
5. How is the PIA design based on
results to be achieved (…)?
17
Axis 3: TC procurement, contracting and
other procedures __________
EuropeAid
Objectives:
More ownership of Partner Governments
Facilitate co-financing and delegated cooperation
Mobilize public sector expertise, including of MS
Improved quality of experts
… These objectives are possible with the existing rules and
procedures!
18
EuropeAid
A menu of options __________
Three levels to
consider during
Identification and
Formulation
Who is financing?
Who is managing
the action
What contractual
forms
Procedures that
support the TC
reform
Results
Co-financing:
preferably pooled
funding under
national leadership
Better
harmonisation of TC
Delegated
Cooperation:
preferably the
Partner
(Decentralised
management)
More ownership
Possible modes of
execution (service
contract, grant...)
Better CD result
19
Who will be managing the action?
__________
Partner country
•Decentralised
management
•More ownership
and less // PIU
•EC procedure or,
eventually, use of
partner
procedures
EuropeAid
National body of
a donor
International
organisation
• Indirect
centralised
management
• Better
coordination of TC
• Choice
between
EC rules or that
of the delegated
body
• Joint
management
• Better
coordination of TC
• Procedures of the
international
organisation
!! Don’t forget national leadership
20
How to contract expertise (public
administration expertise as example)
__________
EuropeAid
• Based on a careful institutional and stakeholders
analysis, choice the contractual forms:
Identification
Service contract
Grant
• Does the context analysis could justify the use of:
Identification
(2)
Formulation
Negotiated procedure
or others tendering
Direct award or
call for proposal
• Present the options in the identification fiche
• Further investigated the feasibility of the preferred
options during the formulation
21
When justified…. __________
Direct award of a grant:
« Actions with specific
caracteristics which require a
particular type of body on
account of its technical
competence, its high degree of
specialization or its
administrative power » (PRAG)
Well proven competence in the
AAP/financing decision
Informal call of interest
to MS
EuropeAid
Negotiated procedure:
« Where services are entrusted
to public sector bodies or to
non profit institutions
/associations and relate to
activities of an institutional
nature or designed to provide
assistance in the social field »
(PRAG)
Informal call of interest
to MS
22
Good practices for more quality
CONTENTS
Drafting good term of reference
take time. Plan ahead!
More 14 days necessary for good
expertise.
Evaluation grid: specify the
competencies needed (related
to local expertise) as a criteria
Check references
Evaluation of tenders/standard
practices:
- organise interview for mid term
position (telephone, video)
-check references
EuropeAid
PROCESS
Has the partner be the leader in
the drafting? Or at least be
involved/consulted?
Is the partner responsible for the
evaluation? If not how is he
involved as a voting member in
the evaluation? If not key
experts must be approved by
partner country. They can ask
replacement of key experts.
Monitoring: assess /fill up forms Is the partner supervising the TC
+ creation of a database to
activities?
monitor TC performance
23
EuropeAid
24
Revision of PRAG (finalised end of 2008)
__________
EuropeAid
Recruitment of individual consultants
 Interviews and references of experts
 Mobilisation of public expertise
 Partner Government ownership (design, evaluation, reporting..)
 Suspensive clause for EDF
Mid-term actions:
 Database on quality experts
 Further develop twinning
25
EuropeAid
Axis 4: Communication, knowledge
management and training __________
 Ongoing broad in-house campaign
 Address broader audience at country level
Mobilize and equip internal "strategy communicators/focal
points“
 Map knowledge centers
26
www.capacity4dev.eu: Facilitating
exchanges, collaboration and learning
__________
EuropeAid
Users:
 EC family
 the rest of the world, including partner countries, Member
States, other donors, academia and civil society
Content:
 Advanced knowledge management and search capability
 User empowered (share knowledge, peer support, upload
material comment, rate, tag etc)
 Online work groups, collaboration spaces and tools: both
Internal (EC Only) and Public Spaces
 Dedicated editorial team for high value contents : news,
interviews, hands on practical info, cases studies
Launch: April 09
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EuropeAid
28
www.capacity4dev.eu: Structure__________
Vertical navigation:
Horizontal access by:
1. Capacity development
Region / Country
2. Public Sector Reform
Sector (DAC)
3. PFM
Type of Content
4. Governance
Keyword / Tag
5. Working with TC
Date, by Author / submitter…
EuropeAid
6. TC and Reforms
Contribute to capacity !
Upload contents at www.capacity4dev.eu
or send us ideas: [email protected]
29
… and training open to other donors and
partners __________
Basic training on TC:
…..and more:
 Hands-on training kit
 HQ - Syslog - 1,5 day (+ 0.5
days coaching)
 (FR) 13-14/05/09
 (EN) 22-23/06/09
 New course on Capacity
Development within SWAP
at country /sector level
 Country level – for pilot
programmes
 E-learning – in progress
 Promote use of internal
trainers
EuropeAid
 More training on Public
Sector Reforms and on PFM
reforms
 Check on Syslog for
upcoming trainings!
30
Axis 5: Implementation / monitoring of the
strategy __________
EuropeAid
Implementation Framework set up with identified responsibilities
at HQ and in Delegations
External evaluation of TA launched by the end of 2009
The Panel - Reach out to external partners to dialogue on TC,
including partner countries
European Court of Auditors announced follow up
31
Implementation at country level
__________
EuropeAid
January 2009
 Mapping of “significant” TC and parallel PIUs
Modulate /
specify the
 Concise Country Action Plans
strategy at
 Redress “policy gaps” in significant TC operations
country
 Phase out parallel PIUs existing by 2010
level
 Improve project implementation arrangements
 Frame the preparation of TC operations and PIUs
 Grasp opportunities for enhanced coordination
32
Delegations tasks __________
EuropeAid
 Dialogue and communication
 Focus on design and management of programmes –
Apply the Guidelines and their quality criteria
 Look carefully at the annex on procedures – Plenty of
new options !
 Follow up on the mapping of TC and your action plan
 Contribute/use the platform « Capacity4dev.eu »
 Organize training (hands on kit)
 Call for Directorate E / HQ support
 Identify innovative programmes and communicate
around them to Headquarters
33
How can headquarters support you
__________
EuropeAid
A menu of possible activities :
 Tailored training and learning/coaching events
 Presentations and working sessions with country stakeholders
 Identification/support to innovations - ad hoc assistance and coaching
Promotion of the web platform www.capacity4dev.eu including
collecting your views on the platform, etc...
Peer support among delegations at regional / sector level and/or partner
countries, including reviews of mapping and action plans.
Thank you for your attention! __________
EuropeAid
For further information:
 Internet:
 www.ec.europa.eu/europeaid/what/delivering-aid/aideffectiveness/index_en.htm
www.capacity4dev.eu
 Intranet:
 www.cc.cec/dgintranet/europeaid/activities/adm/technic
al_cooperation/index_en.htm
 Functional mail box: [email protected]
37
EuropeAid
Glossary / Annexes __________
 DAC definition: Technical Cooperation
 DAC definition: Coordinated TC
 DAC definition: Parallel PIU’s
 Project implementation arrangement
 ECA recommendations on TA
38
DAC definition of “Technical cooperation
_______
EuropeAid
Technical cooperation (also referred to as technical assistance) is
the provision of know-how in the form of personnel, training,
and research, and associate costs.
It comprises:
 donor-financed activities that augment the level of knowledge
 skills
 technical know-how or productive aptitudes of people in
developing countries
 and Services such as consultancy, technical support or the
provision of know-how that contribute to the execution of a
capital project.
The DAC survey of the Paris Declaration uses this definition and
adds that “TC should include both free-standing TC and TC that is
embedded in investment programmes or is included in
programme based approaches”.
39
DAC definition of “Coordinated TC”
__________
EuropeAid
Coordinated TC meets both criteria below:
1. Have relevant country authorities (government or nongovernment) communicated clear capacity development
objectives as part of broader national or sector strategies?
(Y/N)
2. Is the technical cooperation aligned with the countries’
capacity development objectives? (Y/N)
… and at least one of the criteria below:
3. Do relevant country authorities have control over the
technical cooperation? (Y/N)
4. If more than one donor is involved in supporting country
programmes, are there arrangements involving the country
authorities in place for coordinating the technical cooperation
provided by different donors? (Y/N)
40
DAC definition of Parallel PIU __________
EuropeAid
A PIU is parallel when it is created and operates outside existing
country institutional and administrative structures at the behest
of a donor. PIUs are said to be parallel when there are three or
more “Yes” to the four questions below (anything less counts
as integrated):
1. Are the PIUs accountable to the external funding
agencies/donors rather than to the country implementing
agencies (ministries, departments, agencies etc)? (Y/N)
2. Are the terms of reference for externally appointed staff
determined by the donor (rather than by the country
implementing agencies)? (Y/N)
3. Is most of the professional staff appointed by the donor
(rather than the country implementing agencies)? (Y/N)
4. Is the salary structure of national staff (including benefits)
higher than those of civil service personnel? (Y/N)
41
Programme implementation arrangement
__________
EuropeAid
Generic term adopted by the EC for the organizational set-up
that any project needs for implementation, whether supported
by donors or not. A PIA may focuses on how both donor and
country partner inputs will be organized and managed
Five parameters to consider when defining the PIA:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Governance and accountability
Management set-up
Logistical autonomy of the PIA
Relations between TC experts, partners and the EC
EC’s and other donors’ roles in the PIA
42
European Court of Auditors' Report: 8
recommendations on TA__________
EuropeAid
1. Country Strategy Papers to include analysis of institutional
weaknesses & capacity needs.
2. Develop TA guidelines.
3. Improve design of capacity development projects.
4. Review TA procedures for preparation/start-up to allow
more time for implementation and more flexibility.
43
European Court of Auditors' Report: 8
recommendations on TA__________
EuropeAid
5. Review evaluation criteria in TA tenders to reflect
quality and previous experience.
6. Consider more options/choices in procuring technical
expertise,
e.g.
public
institutions
and
beneficiary
country/region.
7. Increase use of TA through coordinated programmes and
apply implementation arrangement that encourage local
ownership.
8. Assess systematically TA performance (management
information system).
44