Transcript Inside NATO, Consensus Building & Decision Making

Cooperation with
International
Organizations
Presented by: Ratela Asllani, M.A
PhD Candidate
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Contents
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NATO’s Partnership
NATO’s Partners
NATO & International Organizations
Conclusion
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1. NATO’s Partnership
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NATO’s Strategic Concept identifies “cooperative security” as one of
NATO’s three essential core tasks.
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NATO works with partners from Central and Eastern Europe, Central Asia,
the Caucasus, the Mediterranean rim, the Gulf region and individual countries
from across the globe.
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NATO’s partners also comprise other international organizations, including
the UN and the EU, as well as other actors such as the International
Committee of the Red Cross.
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Partners cooperate with NATO in a very broad range of security-related areas
and, when taking part in a NATO cooperation programme, can participate in
over 1,000 activities offered in the Partnership Cooperation Menu.
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Partners contribute in many ways to shaping discussions and debates in the
Alliance.
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1. NATO’s Partnership
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A cooperative Approach
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A comprehensive Approach
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1.1 A cooperative Approach to
Security
Partnership, dialogue, consultation & cooperation
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Political consultations on security developments, as appropriate, including
regional issues, in particular with a view to preventing crises and contributing
to their management;
Cooperation in NATO-led operations and missions;
Interoperability, so that partners can support the Alliance in achieving its
tactical, operational and strategic objectives;
Defense reform, capability- and capacity-building, education and training;
Counter-terrorism;
Counter-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their means of
delivery;
Emerging security challenges, including those related to cyber defense, energy
security and maritime security, including counter-piracy;
Civil emergency planning.
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1.2 A Comprehensive Approach to
Crisis
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Planning and conduct of operations
Lessons learned, training, education and
exercises
Enhancing cooperation with external actors
Public messaging
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2. NATO’s Partners
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Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC)
(NATO+ countries)
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NATO's Mediterranean Dialogue (NATO + 7
Mediterranean countries)
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Istanbul Cooperation Initiative (ICI) (NATO+ 4
Gulf Cooperation Council)
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Partners Across the Globe (countries with mutual
interests)
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International Organizations
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3. NATO & International
Organizations
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United Nations Organizations
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European Union
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Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe
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3.1 NATO & UN
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3.1 NATO & UN (Legal Aspect)
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The Charter of the United Nations, signed in San Francisco on
26 June 1945, establishes the overall responsibility of the UN
Security Council for international peace and security.
NATO’s North Atlantic Treaty signed four years later, on 4
April 1949, makes clear that the UN Charter is the framework
within which the Alliance operates.
In the Treaty, Allies reaffirm their faith in the purposes and
principles of the Charter and commit themselves to the peaceful
resolution of conflicts.
Commit themselves to the principle of collective defense, in line
with Article 51 of the UN Charter which establishes the inherent
right of individual or collective defense of all UN member
countries.
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3.1 NATO & UN
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Share a commitment to maintaining international peace and security.
Cooperation since the early 1990s.
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NATO’s 2010 Strategic Concept commits the Alliance to prevent crises,
manage conflicts and stabilize post-conflict situations, including by working
more closely with NATO’s international partners, most importantly the UN
and the European Union.
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The complexity of today’s security challenges has required a broader dialogue
between NATO and the UN. In 2010, following the signing of the 2008 UNNATO declaration on cooperation, NATO reinforced its liaison
arrangements by establishing the post of NATO Civilian Liaison Officer to
the United Nations, in addition to that of a Military Liaison Officer,
established in 1999. This enhanced cooperation is an integral part of NATO’s
contribution to a Comprehensive Approach to crisis management and
operations.
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3.1 NATO & UN
Framework for Cooperation
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In September 2008, established a framework for expanded consultation and cooperation.
Cooperation on issues of common interest, including in communication & information-sharing;
capacity-building, training & exercises; lessons learned, planning & support for contingencies; &
operational coordination & support.
Cooperation on practical basis, taking into account each organization's specific mandate,
expertise, procedures & capabilities.
Regular exchanges & dialogue at senior & working levels on political & operational issues.
NATO’s Secretary General reports regularly to the UN Secretary-General on progress in UNmandated NATO-led operations & on other key decisions of the North Atlantic Council in the
area of crisis management & in the fight against terrorism.
In recent years, staff-level meetings and high-level visits have become more frequent.
The UN is frequently invited to attend NATO ministerial meetings & summits,
The NATO Secretary General participates in the UN General Assembly,
Staff level meetings take place on an annual basis between the Secretariats of NATO & the UN.
NATO contributes to the work of a number of UN committees and bodies
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3.1 NATO & UN
Key areas of cooperation:
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Counter-terrorism (UNSCR 1373, 2001)
Non-proliferation (UNSCR 1540, 2004)
Women, peace and security (UNSCR 1325, in August 2012, the NATO
Secretary General appointed a NATO Special Representative )
Protecting children in armed conflict (UNSCR 1612, appointment of a
NATO Focal Point for Children and Armed Conflict ).
Small arms and light weapons: NATO also contributes to the UN
Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in
Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW) in All its Aspects, adopted in
July 2001 by nearly 150 countries, including all NATO member states.
Disaster relief: Through the Euro-Atlantic Disaster Response Coordination
Centre (EADRCC), NATO coordinates consequence-management efforts
with UN and other bodies and shares information on disaster assistance.
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3.1 NATO & UN
Evaluation of cooperation in field:
 Bringing peace to the former Yugoslavia
 Afghanistan
 Iraq
 Supporting African Union missions
 Deterring piracy
 Libya
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3.2 NATO & EU
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3.2 NATO & EU
Strategic Partnership:
 Sharing strategic interests.
 Cooperate on issues of common interest.
 Working side by side in crisis management,
capability development & political consultations.
 The EU is a unique & essential partner for NATO.
 Both share a majority of members (22), who share
common values.
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NATO & EU
Framework for Cooperation:
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NATO-EU Declaration on ESDP
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The “Berlin Plus” arrangements
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NATO & EU
Cooperation in Field :
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The Western Balkans
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FYROM
Bosnia-Herzegovina
Kosovo
Cooperation in other regions
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Afghanistan
Darfur, Sudan
Piracy (EUNAVFOR Atalanta)
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NATO & EU
Areas of Cooperation:
Political consultation
 Capabilities
 Terrorism and WMD proliferation
 New areas of cooperation
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3.2 NATO & EU
Participation:
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The organizations have 22 member countries in common.
Albania, Canada, Iceland, Norway, Turkey, and the United States, which are
members of NATO but not of the EU, participate in all NATO-EU
meetings.
Austria, Finland, Ireland, Sweden, and since 2008, Malta, which are members
of the EU and of NATO’s Partnership for Peace (PfP) programme,
participate in all NATO-EU meetings.
However, Cyprus which is not a PfP member & does not have a security
agreement with NATO on the exchange of classified documents, cannot
participate in official NATO-EU meetings. This is a consequence of decisions
taken by NATO in December 2002. Informal meetings including Cyprus take
place occasionally at different levels.
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3.3 NATO & OSCE
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3.3 NATO & OSCE
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Work together to build security & promote stability in the EuroAtlantic area
Cooperate at both the political & the operational level in areas
such as conflict prevention and resolution, post-conflict
rehabilitation, crisis management, as well as in addressing new
security challenges
At the political level, consult each other on thematic and regional
security issues of common interest such as border security &
disarmament.
At the operational level, cooperation in conflict prevention, crisis
management & post-conflict rehabilitation has been particularly
active in the Western Balkans.
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NATO & OSCE
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Complement each other’s efforts on the ground.
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NATO initiatives to support defense reform, including arms control, mine
clearance & the destruction of stockpiles of arms & munitions, dovetail with
OSCE efforts aimed at preventing conflict and restoring stability after
conflict.
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Close cooperation in the development of an international “Comprehensive
Approach” to crisis management, which requires the effective application of
both military and civilian means. At the Lisbon Summit in 2010, the Allies
decided to enhance NATO’s contribution to a comprehensive approach to
crisis management as part of the international community’s effort and to
improve NATO’s ability to deliver stabilization & reconstruction effects.
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NATO & OSCE
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At recent summits, the Allies have reiterated the
importance of the OSCE’s role in regional security & as
a forum for dialogue on issues relevant to EuroAtlantic security.
Encompassing the political/ military, economic/
environmental & human dimensions, the OSCE plays
an important role in promoting security and
cooperation.
The Allies aim to further enhance NATO’s cooperation
with the OSCE.
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NATO & OSCE
Political Dialogue
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Regularly exchange views & information on key security-related issues such as border security, disarmament,
arms control (in particular, controlling the spread of small arms and light weapons), energy security &
terrorism, environmental issues (Environment and Security Initiative (ENVSEC)¹ ),
Political relations governed today by the "Platform for Co-operative Security", which was launched by the
OSCE in 1999 at the NATO Istanbul Summit. Via the Platform, OSCE in order to restore democracy,
prosperity and stability in Europe and beyond.
Since the Platform was adopted, experts from both NATO and the OSCE have met regularly to discuss
operational and political issues of common interest in the areas of conflict prevention, crisis management and
post-conflict reconstruction operations.
December 2003, the OSCE’s "Strategy to Address Threats to Security and Stability in the 21st Century"
Dialogue also takes place at a higher political level. The NATO Secretary General is occasionally invited to
speak at the OSCE Annual Security Review Conference. The OSCE Secretary General addressed the EuroAtlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) Ambassadors meeting (2007 & 2008). NATO regularly participates in
the annual meetings of the OSCE Ministerial Council, as an observer. The OSCE Chairperson-in-Office is
also invited to some of the meetings held at NATO Headquarters in Brussels.
The NATO Science for Peace and Security Programme is associated with the ENVSEC, which brings
together NATO, the OSCE, the Regional Environmental Center, the United Nations (UN) Development
Programme, the UN Economic Commission for Europe and the UN Environment Programme.
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NATO & OSCE
Cooperation in Western Balkan
Bosnia and Herzegovina
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NATO and the OSCE developed a joint action programme
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NATO assisted the OSCE in its work in the area of arms control & confidence & securitybuilding measures in the country.
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NATO has, inter alia, contributed to the proper conduct of elections under OSCE auspices.
Kosovo
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(1998-1999), the OSCE mounted a Kosovo Verification Mission to monitor compliance on the
ground with the Holbrooke-Milosevic cease-fire agreement. NATO conducted a parallel aerial
surveillance mission.
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UNSCR 1244 in June 1999, a new OSCE Mission in Kosovo was established as part of the
United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK).
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
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A NATO Task Force provided additional security for international monitors in early 2000. Today,
the NATO Liaison Office in Skopje continues to exchange information with the OSCE Mission
to Skopje.
Border security
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in May 2003, five Western Balkans countries endorsed a Common Platform developed by the
European Union, NATO, the OSCE and the then Stability Pact for South-East Europe aimed at
enhancing border security in the region.
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Conclusion
New threats led to cooperation with
International Organizations
 Common values & interests led to consultation
& cooperation
 Organizations tried to minimize their
overlapping issues & complement each other
 Building peace & security to the world
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