Transcript World Semester 1 Review

World
Semester 1
Review
Ms. Ramos
Alta Loma High School
What was groundbreaking
about the development of
democracy?
• People were governed by councils,
instead of by an absolute ruler.
A political system in which
representatives are elected by
the people follows the model
of
• a republic.
Greco-Roman and JudeoChristian traditions share an
emphasis on
• individual choice.
According to ancient Greek
philosophers, with whom did
a tyrant share power?
• nobody
Plato wrote that a tyrant can
become dangerous because
every tyrant has too much
• freedom to rule.
“We, the Japanese people… do proclaim that
sovereign power resides with the people and do
firmly establish this Constitution.”
—The Constitution of Japan, 1946
What principle is reflected in the
quotation from the Japanese
Constitution?
• popular sovereignty
The U.S. Constitution reflects
the principle of _____ by
sharing power between the
national and state
governments.
• federalism
The division of South Korea’s
government into three
branches with distinct powers
reflects the principle of
• separation of powers
European intellectual movement
that emphasized the
responsibility of government to
protect people’s natural rights
was called the
• Enlightenment.
The phrase “natural rights” is
original to and central to the
writings of which
philosopher?
• John Locke
The ideas of Locke and
Rousseau influenced ____ in
his commitment to fight for
democratic revolution in Latin
America.
• Simón Bolívar
The American Declaration of
Independence and the French
Declaration of the Rights of
Man and Citizen both
• emphasize the rights of the individual.
English colonists in America
expected to have
representative government in
the colonies because
• there was a tradition of representative
government in England.
John Adams, second U.S.
president, said that even before
the War for Independence began,
“The Revolution was in the
hearts and minds of the people.”
What is the best way to
paraphrase Adams’s meaning?
• The American Revolution was rooted in
people’s beliefs.
Which document was written
before all the others?
Articles of Confederation
U.S. Constitution
Declaration of Independence
United States Bill of Rights
• Declaration of Independence
In pre-Revolutionary France,
what were the social classes
called
• estate system
Who carried out the “Reign of
Terror” in France?
• the Committee for Public Safety
What form of government did
Napoleon Bonaparte lead?
• dictatorship
What was the primary
concern of the Concert of
Europe?
• the possibility of revolution
What was a direct effect of
increased food production
during Europe’s Agricultural
Revolution?
• The population increased.
A defining feature of Europe’s
Industrial Revolution was that
many commercial goods were
made by ____.
• machine
A geographic advantage of
England in the Industrial
Revolution was its
• natural harbors
The “Black Country” of
England was known for its
• smoke from coal.
What impact did the steam
engine have on the growth of
industry?
• provided an efficient source of power
By the 1840s, England was
connected by a network of
• railroads.
In Great Britain, the Factory Act of
1819 declared it illegal for children
to work more than 12 hours a day.
What does the act suggest about
labor conditions at that time?
• Some children spent more than half of
each day working.
In 1902, Pennsylvania coal
miners refused to work,
returning to their jobs only when
guaranteed a 10 percent pay
increase and reduction of hours.
The miners’ action is an example
of
• a strike.
“They are the leaders on the way to material
progress . . . . They guess what the consumers
would like to have and are intent on providing them
with these things.”
—from Human Action: A Treatise on
Economics, Ludwig von Mises
According to the quotation, what skill is
important to a business leader?
• an understanding of people’s needs
What is the goal of industrial
production?
• the manufacture of consumer goods that
can be sold
What was the relationship
between work and property in
a utopian community?
• People worked together and shared their
property.
With what economic idea is
Karl Marx most closely
associated?
• communism
Citizens in a social
democracy expect their
government to
• provide them with certain benefits.
Which economic system
emerged in Europe as a
response to both capitalist
and socialist ideals?
• social democracy
Which would have been the most likely
subject for a classical painter?
a farmer milking a cow
folk dancing
ancient Greek philosophers
a sunset over magnificent mountains
• ancient Greek philosophers
European Romanticism
celebrated the beauty of
nature at a time when
• industrialization was polluting the land.
Nineteenth-century European
Romantics tended to view the
past as a
• gentler time.
What geography-related goal most
motivated 19th-century European
imperialists?
exploration of major waterways
exploration of inland areas
discovery of shorter trade routes
control of trade routes
• control of trade routes
Christian missionaries in
colonized lands, in the 1800s,
wanted people in other lands
to
• become Christians.
A 19th-century English Social
Darwinist would say that his
or her nation’s power was
proof of
• its superiority.
What two European nations
colonized most of South
America?
• England and France
The purpose of the Berlin
Conference was to plan for
the
• division of Africa.
STUDY for your
final!!!!!!