Transcript Urban sprawl in Harju County

Indications of urban sprawl in
Harju and Tartu County
Pille Metspalu
Main points
1. Basic statistics about Tallinn and
surroundings
2. New residential areas around
Tallinn and Tartu
3. Dealing with sprawl –
developments in planning practice
24 local municipalities (6 towns,
18 rural municipalities)
Population (01.01.2006)
Estonia – 1 347 510
Tallinn - 396 010
Harju county – 122 863
M u n icip ality
A egviid u vald
P op u lation
933
A n ija vald
6345
H ark u vald
6652
Jõeläh tm e vald
K eila lin n
5203
K eila vald
K ern u vald
3833
K iili vald
K ose vald
K u u salu vald
9400
1674
2365
5751
4652
K õu e vald
1664
L ok sa lin n
3487
L ok sa vald
1785
M aard u lin n
16677
N issi vald
3323
P ad ise vald
1774
P ald isk i linn
4230
R aasik u vald
4398
R ae vald
8026
S ak u vald
7342
S au e linn
5001
S au e vald
7350
V asalem m a vald
V iim si vald
K ok k u
2864
8134
122863
The population of Tallinn is
rapidly decreasing
POPULATION CHANGE 2001-2005
400000
399000
398000
397000
396000
395000
394000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Increase of population in surroundings –
IIIrd suburbanisation wave in Estonia (after
the II world war)
Population change in surrounding municipalities
(official statistics)
9000
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
Harku
Kiili
Rae
Saku
Saue
Viimsi
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
About 1000 detailed plans for residential areas (1995-2003)
69% of the residential areas planned are
monofunctional – no reservations of land
planned for public open space, schools etc
Relatively poor access to public transportation
The realisation of the detailed plans
would bring ab 100 000 new residents
to Harju county
The analysis of the building permits
shows that the realisation of detailed
plans is ca 1/3
Spatial development of Harju county
follows the landuse patterns
characteristic to urban sprawl
(uncordinated spatial planning, largely
monofunctional areas, car-dependance)
Detailed planning is used as a tool to
“book” the development right, the
planning system operates through
detailed plans, although the Planning
law requires comprehensive plan
As the general vision and
comprehensive approach in spatial
planning is weak, the “cross-border”
issues (road, traffic, social
infrastructure) in planning are largely
unsolved
Current situation could be described as
market-friendly trend-planning
Tartu
271 detailed plans,
About 13 000 people
moving to
hinterlands
Characteristic to new residential
areas around Tartu
No light traffic roads planned, caroriented approach
Vast majority of the planned
developments consists of one-family
houses (3000 one-family houses, only
80 multi-storied houses)
New developments planned are largely
monofunctional