Transcript 活化英語教學

活化英語教學
歡迎，夥伴們！
Cummins (2005) says,
 To promote the development of the kinds of literacy (and
numeracy) skills required to function effectively in the global
economy and society of the 21st century (henceforth, 21st
century literacy skills);
 To improve traditional learning outcomes for all students, but
particularly for socioeconomically marginalized students who
experience disproportionate underachievement.
 您說呢?
美國政府說…
 The United States has invested more than $90
billion in computer technology for schools during
the 1990s (Oppenheimer, 2003) and the
Schools and Libraries.
 Universal Service Support Mechanism, more
commonly known as the E-rate, has provided
$2.25 billion a year to assist schools and
libraries to obtain affordable telecommunications
and Internet access.
FRANK POMPA - USA TODAY / SOURCE: CONSUMER
ELECTRONICS ASSOCIATION MARKET RESEARCH
BACK-TO-SCHOOL SURVEY.
歐盟教育委員會說…
 The European Commission (2004) : Information and communication
technologies (ICT) are opening up accesses to education, training and
learning resources, while also establishing avenues of self learning.
This is why the European Union believes the proper use of such
technologies may contribute to Europe's shift to a knowledge-based
society.
 This report makes explicit the belief that technology is fundamental to
economic competitiveness in a knowledge-based society arguing that
“Europe should become, by 2010, the most competitive and dynamic
knowledge-based economy in the world, capable of sustainable
economic growth, with more and better jobs.”
我國的相關政策
名稱
1993-1997
各級學校資訊教學計畫
1997-2007
資訊教育基礎建設計畫
1998
資訊教育基礎建設擴大
內需方案
發展與規劃
每年編列經費補助各級學校設置電腦教室
1. 國小100%有電腦教室。
2.加強國小、國中、高中職在職教師資訊應用訓練，使 70%教師具資訊素
養。
1.「班班有電腦」方案，並且經由校園網路連接台灣學術網路
2.所有中小學教師均有機會進行基本資訊素養之培訓。
2001
教育部中小學資訊教育
總藍圖
1.「網路與硬體基礎建設」:「建置校園網路」、「建構資訊化設備」、「整合人力物
力資源」2.以老師為起始點，帶動學生、家長，進而提昇全民運用資訊的能力與
學習素養
3.希望學生能具備運用資訊進行判斷、組織、決策與處理的能力，並能創造新資訊，
有效傳遞資訊；能養成愛好學習、獨立學習的習慣，並能主動尋求資訊進行學
習活動
2008-2011
教育部中小學資訊教育
白皮書
1.增加單槍投影機、無線網路、電子白板、可攜式電腦及可寫式電腦等資訊設備，規
劃適合中小學一般教室各學科教學使用的環境。
2.推動多功能e化專科教室：建置投影機、無線網路、電腦、電子白板、攝影機、可攜
式電腦及可寫式電腦等設備。
3.學生資訊科技應用能力評量的辦理校數達全國中小學總校數的40%，應用資訊科技
進行教學的教師數達全國中小學教師數的90%，中小學生人數與教學用電腦數量
的比值達5:1，自由軟體的使用校數達1,000校，各縣市中小學生家中擁有電腦比
例與全國平均數的差距均小於4%。
Internet World Stats reports that
 15,400,000 users as of June/07, 67.4% penetration,
per TWNIC.
 At end-2004, the IDC Information Society Index
(ISI) rated Taiwan as having the world’s best
wireless Internet penetration.
 Taiwan has undoubtedly one of the most
advanced telecommunications networks in Asia.
台中市西區中正國小 Enters2008 資訊科技融
入國際交流實施計畫
 本國際交流計畫之重點：
 1. 由學校安排國際交流前之相關資訊科技技能培訓與英語聽說能
力訓練。
 2. 學校安排固定時間，於電腦教室與新加坡道南學校之師生進行
視訊同步交流（新加坡與台灣同時區）。
 3. 學習具有延續性及創新性：老師安排一系列之課程，提升學童
基本之外語能力，並透過Moodle線上教學平台，與國外學校教
學合作，由老師或學生在網路上進行開課。
 4. 進行國外學校遊學參訪：預計於98 年暑假期間，安排新加坡
遊學行程，早上於道南學校與外國學童共同學習，了解新加坡之
多元文化，下午安排新加坡著名之文化景點參訪。晚上家長、師
生下榻於簽約之渡假村。
效果呢?
?
US: Goolsbee and Guryan (2002) examined the impact of
the federal E-rate program concluded that while the
program had certainly increased access, there was no
evidence that Internet investment had any measurable
effect on student achievement.
World-wide: From a sample of 175,000 15-year-old students
in 31 countries, researchers at the University of Munich
announced that performance in math and reading had
suffered significantly among students who have more
than one computer at home. And while students seemed
to benefit from limited use of computers at school, those
who used them several times per week at school saw
their academic performance decline significantly as well.
(The Christian Science, December 6, 2004)
?
?
?
以台北縣樹林市某國民小學六年級學生在
「英語學習動機量表」前後測之總分平均數與標準差
(鄭可偉，張順宜，林佑親，管珮吟，葉欣儒，林烈群，張順宜2003)
前測
組
別
後測
後測減前測
平均數
標準差
平均數
標準差
實驗組E1
（35人）
124.29
14.74
148.57
9.60
24.28
實驗組E2
（35人）
-
-
150.49
8.52
-
控制組C1
（35人）
127.09
14.68
127.34
17.83
0.25
控制組C2
（35人）
-
-
122.74
10.99
-
變異數同質性考驗：F=4.52，P＜ .05，Levene的變異數同質性檢定達顯著性水
小結
 資訊融入教學的可行性及成效
 資訊融入英語教學的成效
 應有的做法與期待
 軟硬體設備 digital divide
 課程規劃 pedagogical divide/ cognitive divide
語音辨識技術 (Speech Recognition Technology)
The user speaks into a microphone, and a computer uses
acoustic analysis to analyze the phonemes (individual sounds)
uttered. The computer searches the available vocabulary
database and then chooses the words that seem most likely to
have been produced.
Accuracy increases under the following circumstances: words are
spoken slowly and individually, there is a small range of
vocabulary possible, low background noise exists, repetition
exists, and/or the computer is familiar with the speaker’s voice.
Speech recognition accuracy can reach 99 % if these
conditions exist; 87 % is the best that can be done without
these aids (Ordinate, 2002).
SRT的運用
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Telephone companies
Assistive device for students with disabilities
Translation: Phraselator (English to Arabic)
Testing of spoken language http://www.ordinate.com
Pronunciation training for the profoundly deaf
http://cslu.cse.ogi.edu/asr/
 Language learning programs
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New Dynamic English (adult)
Tell Me More Pro (adult)
Let’s Go (children)
Tell Me More Kids
主要SR系統
 ViaVoice Pro USB Edition (2003) by
IBM
 Naturally Speaking Preferred 7.0 (2003)
by Dragon Systems
成效
 Carnegie Mellon University ’s Project LISTEN
(Literacy Innovation that Speech Technology
Enables) http://www2.cs.cmu.edu/~listen/index.html
 見證影片播放
有缺失嗎?

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對non-native speakers口音的辨識力低
學生花許多時間學習native speaker 口音
所提供的回饋過於專業 (linguistic jargons)
內容受限
其他
腦力激盪與分享
我對Reading Companion的期待
使用對象
與課程的搭配或結合
加強能力
(聽 說 讀 寫 譯 字彙 拼音
發音 興趣 動機 思考)
提供使用SR相關教學的資源網站
21st Century Eloquence (US)
Supplier’s site with product information, press releases and
general information. Also hosts Speech Recognition Users’
Forum.
AbilityNet (UK)
Several useful information sheets covering different aspects of
speech recognition, including use by people with dyslexia
and visual impairment.
ACE Centre (UK)
Mick Donegan’s update on issues contained within and arising
from the ACE Centre’s excellent publication Voice
Recognition Technology in Education.
BECTa (UK)
Report on Speech Recognition Project concluded in 2000, along
with discussion group, information sheets and other material.
Comp Speech FAQ (UK)
Lots of information on computers and speech, though it hasn’t
been updated for a while and is a bit “techie”.
Computing Outloud (US)
This site brings together the thoughts of a number of speech
recognition users on different programs, with useful
information and tips.
iANSYST Ltd (UK)
Supplier’s site offering unbiased and detailed comparisons of the
different products available and valuable advice on hardware.
IBM Voice Systems (US)
Information on ViaVoice and other IBM products. Support, hints
and tips and advice.
L&H - Dragon Naturally Speaking
Information on Naturally Speaking, including technical notes.
LD-Online (US)
Massive collection of resources covering learning disabilities. The
LD In Depth section contains a number of articles looking at
strategies for introducing and using speech recognition and
other supportive writing technologies.
The Literacy Center (US)
Deals with literacy and students with SEN; includes case studies
and hints and tips on speech recognition.
LumenVox
A Speech Recognition company with over a decade of
telephony experience.
Metroplex Voice Computing
Developers of “add-ons” to allow use of NaturallySpeaking for
mathematics.
Naturally Speaking Unofficial Information
Pages
Information resource of information on using NaturallySpeaking
set up by former Dragon software developer. No longer
maintained, but still with useful information.
Special Needs Opportunity Windows
(SNOW) (Can)
Lots of useful information, including downladable lesson plans for
using DragonDictate with children with learning difficulties
and case studies of successful (and unsuccessful) students
usin speech recognition.
Speak to Your PC (US)
Supplier site with details of software and accessories and useful
information on how to use speech recognition systems.
Speaking to Write (US)
Very useful site, with a particular focus on the use of speech
recognition, particularly DragonDctate in secondary schools.
Has a very active discussion group, but check archive before
asking a question!
Typing Injury FAQ - Speech Recognition
(US)
Useful introduction with links to other resources.
Voice Recognition Software: Ensuring
Effective Training And Usage (UK)
University College Worcester project using speech recognition
with students. Includes project report and downloadable
training materials.
Words WorldWide (UK)
Suppliers of Keystone, which provides additional support for users
of NaturallySpeaking. Site includes details of hardware and
software, and a discussion forum.
讓我們有個很棒的一年！