Transcript Introduction to Innvention and Innovation

Invention and
th
Innovation—8 Grade
Mrs. Mattson
Carl Ben Eieleson Middle School
Fargo, ND
ETP 2006—Tanya Mattson
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
Unit #1
Introduction to
Invention and Innovation
Information for this presentation was taken
from the CATTS curriculum Unit #1 and
Valley City State University Unit #1
readings, unless otherwise noted.
Important Terms
Invention
 Innovation
 Discovery
 Creativity
 Patents
 Trademarks

Copyrights
 Science
 Engineering
 Technology
 Design

Invention
A new manmade device or
process
Innovation
A
better way of doing things
 An improvement
Alexander
Graham Bell’s
Phone
1876
Old Phone
Telephone
1st Cell Phone
March 6, 1983
Razr 2006
Old
Computers
Dell
Computers
2006
Discovery
The primary process used
in science to uncover
new knowledge.
Creativity
 The
ability to see a problem
in several dimensions.
 The ability to truly
understand the problem at
hand.
Patents
 Provide
inventors with
exclusive rights to
manufacture a device for a
period of time that has been
fixed. (Currently 17 yrs.)
 Assigned to individuals, not
corporations.
Patents Cont.
 The
inventor must keep dated
logs in order to prove who
invented something first.
 “Patent Pending” – the inventor
has applied for a patent, but not
received it yet.
Trademarks
Trademarks give an individual or
corporation a right to identify a
product with a graphic symbol that
customers can readily recognize for
the quality and service they have
earned.
 Generally, a trademark has no time
limit.

Trademark Examples
Nike
Abercrombie & Fitch
Mountain Dew
Adidas
Copyrights
 Provide
the creators of written
materials the right to a profit from
the sale of their works for a
definite period of time.
 Related to written material,
graphic material, or music.
Science
 The
pursuit of new
knowledge about nature.
 Its primary goal is
knowledge, not solutions to
problems.
Engineering


The profession in which the knowledge of
the mathematical and natural sciences
gained by study, experience and practice
is applied with judgment to develop ways
to utilize economically the materials and
the forces of nature for the benefit of
mankind.
The deliberate, orderly process through
which technology is created.
Technology
The innovation, change, or
modification of the natural
environment to satisfy the
perceived human wants and
needs.
Design
The process of designing
solutions to technological
problems—innovating and
inventing.
History of Invention,
Innovation and Discovery
The greatest difference
between science and
technology is purpose.
 The
main purpose of science
was curiosity, where the main
purpose of technology was a
matter of survival.
 Science and technology need
and serve each other while
serving mankind.
Early civilizations were based
on just a few inventions:
The plow
 Handwriting
 Metallurgy
 Pottery
 Brick making

Stonecutting
 Spinning
 Weaving
 Surveying
instruments
 And more…

7 Mechanisms that affect
Invention and Innovation
1. Deliberate search
2. Deliberate search for 1 thing
that leads to something else
3. Totally unrelated
developments have an effect
on the main event
4. Military needs or military
inventions give rise to intense
development efforts and
equally significant social
change.
5. Result of religion
6. Weather & other natural forces
7. Pure accident
Invention, Innovation
and Discovery Today
A few of the most influential factors
which are of a different origin than the
previous 7 mechanisms…
1. Information and Communication
Technology

The faster we can communicate, the
faster we can influence others with new
inspiration and new inventions.
2. Specialization of knowledge and
teamwork
3. The rise of organized science



In the past, discoveries often followed
the practical application.
Technology preceded science
Today, technology rarely precedes science
4. The influence of government



The need for rapid wartime development
of technology tends to push the envelope
of efficiency.
The funding of research which is often
available for the asking.
Government can also influence invention
and innovation by legislation that creates
the rules others must play by
Intellectual Property
To promote rapid growth of
technology, there had to be
something in it for both users and
producers, and if the correct
balance could be found, it would be
good for the country.
Inventors
 Thomas
Edison
 Benjamin Franklin
 Elijah McCoy
 Eli Whitney
 Alexander Graham Bell
 Henry Ford
Standards and Benchmarks




1: Students will develop an understanding of the characteristics and scope of technology

1.F: New products and systems can be developed to solve problems or to help do things
that could not be done without the help of technology.

1.G: The development of technology is a human activity and is the result of individual or
collective needs and the ability to be creative.

1.H: Technology is closely linked to creativity, which has resulted in innovation.
3: Students will develop an understanding of the relationships among technologies and the
connections between technology and other fields of study.

3.D: Technological systems often interact with each other.

3.F: A product, system, or environment developed for one setting may be applied to
another setting.
6: Students will develop an understanding of the role of society in the development and use of
technology.

6.D: Throughout history, new technologies have resulted from the demands, values, and
interests of individuals, businesses, industries and societies.

6.E: The use of inventions and innovations has led to changes in society and the creation of
new needs and wants.

6.F: Social and cultural priorities and values are reflected in technological devices.
7: Students will develop an understanding of the influence of technology on history.

7.F: In the past, an invention or innovation was not usually developed with the knowledge
of science.