Transcript Emerging Issues in Transportation Security

Transportation Security:
Three Years After 9/11
Eva Lerner-Lam and Monica Isbell
Palisades Security Consulting Team
Presented at the
ITS Washington Annual Meeting
Tuesday, September 21, 2004
Overview of Presentation
 What is being done today
 3 years after attack on our homeland
 9/11 Commission Report
 Legislative Initiatives in the 108th Congress
 Emerging Issues
 Process vs. technology (both are important, but
technology is not the “magic bullet”)
 “I can tell you, but then I’d have to shoot you…”
 Who’s going to pay for all this?
What is Being Done Today:
Better Integrated Planning
 DHS is developing a
National Response Plan
(NRP) that consolidates and
reconciles multiple nationallevel incident response
plans into a single, focused,
universally understood
strategy
What is Being Done Today: Cargo
 Every port in America has
submitted a security plan
 The Coast Guard is
overseeing physical and
procedural security
improvements through
federal grants and selffunding by ports
What is Being Done Today: Cargo
 U.S. Customs and Border
Protection (CBP) screens
data and documents of all
imports and physically
inspects 100% of cargo
identified as “high risk.”
 CBP continues to
introduce new voluntary
and mandatory programs
covering imported cargo
What is Being Done Today: Cargo
 Customs-Trade
Partnership Against
Terrorism (voluntary)
 Container Security
Initiative (CSI)
(voluntary)
 Random NonIntrusive Inspections
(NII) and Vehicle and
Cargo Inspection
Systems (VACIS)
What is Being Done Today: Cargo
 48-hour Port Entry
application and notice to
the Coast Guard for all
vessels
 Advance Manifest
requirement for key data
elements to enable CBP
to perform risk
assessment
 Ocean cargo - before cargo
loading at foreign port
 Airfreight, rail and truck
shipments - prior to
entering U.S. borders
What is Being Done Today: Cargo
 “Smart” technologies for
cargo containers are being
developed
 High security seals
 Container sensor devices
to detect tampering,
radiation, explosives, etc.
 Costs must go down to
encourage wide-spread use
What is Being Done Today:
Passengers
 Air Travel
 Vulnerability
assessments
 Hardened cockpit
doors on 100% of
large passenger
aircraft
 100% of all
checked baggage
is screened
What is Being Done Today:
Passengers
 Transit
 Bus, Rail and Ferry
Operators have
performed vulnerability
assessments of
operations and
facilities
What is Being Done Today:
Passengers
 Immigration
 US-VISIT system links
databases
 TSA Secure Flight
Program
What is Being Done Today:
HazMat
 Trucking and Rail
 American Chemical
Council and others
have required security
vulnerability
assessment of all
aspects including the
accountability of
security of chemicals
in transit.
What is Being Done Today:
Information Sharing
 The Homeland
Security Information
Network (HSIN)
 New 24-hour
Homeland Security
Operations Center colocates 35 different
Federal agencies
What is Being Done Today:
Response
 Interoperability:
 DHS’s Safecom
and RapidCom
programs
 Developing a
patch-panel
device
What is Being Done Today:
Training
 450,000+ first
responders trained
since FY2002
What is Being Done Today:
Citizens
 Citizen Preparedness:
 National Preparedness
Month
 Citizen Corps Councils
 Transit Watch
What is Being Done Today: People
 BioShield Act of 2004:
 BioShield ensures
vaccines, drugs and
medical supplies are
ready for rapid
distribution
 BioWatch monitors air
samples frequently in
major urban cities
nationwide
What is Being Done Today:
Emerging Technologies
 Homeland Security
Advanced Research
Projects Agency
(HSARPA)
 University-based
partnerships
What is Being Done Today:
Emerging Technologies
 ITS methods and
technologies and
enhancements for:
 Tracking of hazmats
and other
weapons/targets
 System Security
against terrorist
interference
What is Being Done Today:
Funding
 Congressional
Funding:
 $19.8 billion in FY03
 $31.2 billion in FY04
 $40.2 billion in FY05
 Is this enough? If not,
from where will the
money come?
45
40
35
30
FY03
FY04
FY05
25
20
15
10
5
0
Fiscal Year
9/11 Commission Report:
Key Finding
 “Lack of Imagination”
by people and
organizations with
responsibility for
public safety and
security
9/11 Commission Report Findings
 “Fighting terrorism was not a high priority”
 Capabilities of Intelligence, Defense and
other agencies were constrained by
antiquated and ineffective policies and
processes
 Inefficient management of government:
“The enemy made mistakes; our
government wasn’t able to capitalize on
them.”
9/11 Commission Report
Recommendations
 DHS should develop an integrated plan to
focus resources in a manner to best
protect all the transportation modes
 Seek improvements in technologies with
applications across transportation modes
 Standardize equipment, data, processes
Pending Congressional Legislation
 9/11 Commission
Report
Implementation Act of
2004
Pending Congressional Legislation
 Fifty other bills related to “Transportation
Security” including:
 Intermodal Shipping Container Security Act
(S.2297.IS)
 Rail Security Act of 2004 (S.2273.RS)
 Safe TRAINS Act (H.R.4361.IH)
 Rail Transit Security and Safety Act of 2004
(H.R.4476.IH)
 Public Transportation Terrorism Prevention
Act of 2004 (S.2453.RS/H.5082)
Emerging Issue #1:
Over-Reliance on Technology
 Technology can only go so far; must
address Process
 Process improvements include:




“Layered” security throughout the system
Employee duties adapted for security
Companies securing their supply chains
Interoperability of systems
 Standards, protocols, interfaces are very
critical!
Emerging Issue #2:
Increasing Reluctance to Share Information
and Best Practices
 Notion that security-related projects must be
kept secret, even among peers and colleagues,
for fear of information falling into the “wrong
hands” (or those of a competitor)
 Need to find a way to exchange knowledge or
we risk unnecessary duplication of effort--or
worse
 To “win the war” we need to find ways to
communicate with each other on the “battlefield”!
Emerging Issue #3:
Who’s paying for all this security?
 Partnership between government, private sector
and users
Contributors and Reviewers
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Donald Estes, Sonalysts, Inc.
Ric Finn, Sonalysts, Inc.
George Kovatch, Kovatch Consulting
Ronald S. Libengood, CPP, Securacomm, Inc.
Tom McPherson, Sonalysts, Inc.
William C. Nicholson, Widener University School
of Law
 Pete Sklannik, Jr., Chief Operating Officer,
Trinity Railway Express