Transcript The Rise of Russia - ESM School District

The Rise of Russia
Geography
• Cold
• Surrounded by
water but……no
warm water port
for trading
• Forest
• Grasslands
People
• Mix of Slavic tribes and Vikings
City of Kiev
• 1st major city
• Present day
Ukraine
Vladimir
• Converted Russian people to Christianity
• Linked emperor with religion
– Influenced by Byzantine Empire
– Common trade routes
Begin Contact with Byzantine
• Orthodox Christianity
• Cyrillic Alphabet
Mongols invade
• Between the Crusades and Mongols, Kievan
Empire declined
• Kiev destroyed in 1240
– Mongols isolated Russians
from Europe
Ivan III
• Russian Prince
• Freed Russians from
Mongol rule in 1480
• Crowned himself “Czar”
• Proclaimed Russia
would be 3rd Rome
• Moved to Moscow
Ivan IV (Ivan the Terrible)
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•
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1533
1547-1560 –Good Ivan
1560 1584 Bad Ivan
Execution of
traitors/enemies of
boyers (nobles)
• Secret police
Was Ivan terrible?
• In 1581, Ivan beat his pregnant
daughter-in-law for wearing
immodest clothing, which may
have caused a miscarriage. His
son, also named Ivan , upon
learning of this, engaged in a
heated argument with his father,
which resulted in Ivan striking
his son in the head with his
pointed staff, causing his son's
(accidental) death.
• Killed son
• Accused of poisoning wife
• Younger son took thrown at death and died
without an heir
Romanov Dynasty
• After years of quarrel, boyars chose next
leader, Michael Romanov beginning
Romanov dynasty
• Restored power to government
Isolation
• Mongol Rule and religious
differences had kept Russia from
interaction with Europe. (missed
Renaissance and Age of
Exploration)
• No Seaport for trade
• Russians looked to Constantinople
for guidance, not Rome
Peter the Great- Absolute
Monarch
• 6’6
• Prior to becoming czar at
24, Peter went and studied
in the “west” as a
commoner
• Decided it was best to
westernize Russia
• Russia needed warm
water port to trade
Westernization by Peter
• Reduced power of great
landowners
• Introduced potatoes
• Western clothes and fashions
– Beard Tax
Advanced schools (stressed
education)
• Increased women status
• Newspaper
• Fought Sweden for warm
water port
St. Petersburg
• Peter’s “window to the west”
• New capital of Russia