Transcript Russia

Russia
a.
Czar – Russian name for Caesar.
b.
Ivan III – (the Great) ends the Mongol yoke and takes the title Czar
c.
Slavs – ethnic people of Eastern Europe/Russia
d.
Vikings – Germanic tribe of Northern Europe who invaded
throughout Europe in the 800’s.
e.
Mongols – Asian nomadic tribe that invaded Russia and established
the world’s largest empire.
- Genghis Khan – leader of Mongols
f.
Yaroslav the Wise – created Russia’s law code
Rise of Russia
•Area inhabited by Slavs
Vikings arrive using river
system
•Set up state based on
trade & conquest
around 9th Century
State founded by Rurik
Capital at Kiev
•People called Rus
Kievan Russia
Kievan Rus
•“Third Rome”
•Decentralized
government
Divided into
provinces
Constant strife
between boyars
and princes
•Constant threat of
nomadic invasion
Origins
• It is believed Rurik, a Viking, settled
in the city of Novgorod in 862 CE
•Rurik joined the city of Novgorod and
Kiev to create Russia
•Kiev became the major trading city
The Founders of Kiev
Three Brothers: Kyi, Schek, and Khoryv
Кий, Щек,
Хорив
Kiev
• Kiev becomes a major trade center
and eventually adopts Orthodox
Christianity under the rule of Vladimir
__________
I around 980.
•Orthodox Christianity was selected
Constantinople
because of ties to ____________
which includes trade and the belief
that the Emperor was head of the
church as well.
Russia & Christianity
•Prince Vladimir
converted in 989 CE
-Converted for trade,
commercial reasons
•Elites baptized by
order of prince, often
against will
Famous Russian onion
domes
•Missionary – St. Cyril
St. Cyril and the Cyrillic Alphabet
St. Sophia Church in Novgorod
Kiev Expands
Because of its close ties to the
Byzantine
____________
Empire, Kiev grew in
prominence and was considered an
protectorate of
ally and __________
Constantinople. The Patriarch
_______ of
Constantinople sent teachers to spread
the faith and educate
_______ the masses.
Kiev became the first unified state in
Russia.
Yaroslav the Wise
United the former kingdom of
Novgorod
___________
with Kiev to expand
his Empire
 Created Russia’s first _____
Law
Code
_______,
the Russkaya Pravda, to
bring about unity.
 Attacked Constantinople in 1043
unsuccessfully
1019 to 1054
 Ruled Kiev _____

Reading the Russkaya Pravda in Kiev
Yaroslav I - the Wise
Kiev Falls
Yaroslav dies in
The Kievan king, __________
1054 leaving his kingdom to multiple
heirs. This resulted in the fracturing of
Kievan ______
Rus into multiple
the ________
principalities: a region controlled by a
prince
_________.
This would weaken the
Russians just as a fierce threat
Mongols
emerged, the ____________.
Mongol Invasion
The Tatar Yoke (1237 – 1480)


Mongols invade and take over Kiev
Russian princes collect tribute and pay it
to the Mongols as a from of homage.
Ivan I
(Moneybags)
 The
unite Russia by
Mongols helped _______
forcing the Princes to submit to their
puppet ruler.
 Ivan I, from the city of ________,
Moscow was
appointed as the Mongol emissary.
 He collected _________
and paid it to
tribute
the Mongols after keeping a share for
himself.
Moscow modernizing
 He invested in ________,
the city.
Moscow under Ivan I
Ivan I
Ivan III (The Great)
1462 - 1505
Took the title “Grand Duke of all the
Russians”
 Claimed Russia was the _______
Third
Rome
________.
 Ended the Tatar Yoke in 1480
Tsar
 Took the title ________,
Russian for
Caesar.
 Made a new law code
Boyars
 Created the noble class - _________

The Palace of Facets
Commissioned by Ivan III
Ivan III rejects the Tatars request for Tribute
Ivan IV
(Ivan the Terrible: 1533 – 1547)
 Had
St. Basil’s constructed in
Moscow
_________.
 His wife, Anastasia Romanovna, died
early – possibly murdered by the
Boyars
__________.
 Accidentally killed his son in a fight.
 Created the Oprichnina system as a
way to “get back” at the boyars.
Oprichnina
 Direct
control over the nobles by:
marriages
– Arranging all ____________.
– Could strip a boyar of their title.
secret police.
– Ruling with the first ________
death
The Oprichniki: a ________
squad.
Killed as many as 60,000 in the Massacre of
Novgorod
______________.
Ivan the Terrible at the deathbed of his first
and most-beloved wife, Anastasia Romanovna.
Ivan married 7 times, sometimes divorcing a
wife a week after the marriage.
Ivan the Terrible
Ivan the Terrible killing his son by Ilya Repin
Ivan seeks repentance for the murder of his son
The Mongols
Temujin, a Mongol chieftan united
many Mongolian tribes and would take
the title “Ghengis Khan” or Universal
Ruler.
Regions conquered by Ghengis would
become “provinces” that were referred to
as “Khanate”… or kingdoms.
TACTICS:
Mongols used FEAR to conquer enemies.
They used the technique of “false retreat”
They are superior horsemen.
Modern Day Mongolia
Kublai Khan
Ghengis Khan’s
Grandson
 Founded the Yuan
Dynasty in China
 Conquered most of
China
 Met with Marco Polo,
according to legend

Mongols Crash Course
Marco Polo
An Italian (Venetian)
 Father was a trader who sat up business in
Constantinople, which was burned in 1206
forcing them to flee
 Resided in what would become the Mongol
“Ilkhanate”
 They (and Marco) became ambassadors for
the Khans and since they spoke Latin, were
sent as emissaries to Pope Gregory X
 1274 Marco Polo (then 17 years old) began
his journey as a mediator between the Pope
and the Great Khan

The Fra Mauro Map
1453
Crash Course