Transcript Slide 1
NON- COMMUNICABLE DISEASES COMMUNICABLE DISEASES What is it ?????? Other illnesses caused by how people live, by conditions they are born with, or by hazards around them. Most noncommunicable diseaes are present over a long time, often years. These illnesses are called chronic diseases Noncommunicable diseases result in the breakdown of the body’s tissue. Degenerative diseases Three ways to develop noncommunicable diseases Person born with the disease Develop the disease because of the way he or she lives Develops the disease because of a hazard around him/her Genetic disorders Disease or condition in which the body does not functiuon normally becaue of the abnormal genes the baby received from one of the parents or both. Cystic fibrosis Birth Defects Disorders of the developing baby or newborn baby. Fetal alcohol syhndrome Cerebral palsy Lifestyle diseases Diseases that are caused by our health habits. What can people do to lesson their chances of getting lifestyle diseases Eat a balanced diet Exercise regularly Maintain our ideal weight Lower your stress Avoid using tobacco, alcohol, and drugs Risk factors Traits or habits that raise someone’s chances of getting a disease – Family history Bodies Defense against infection Outer protective surface keep germs from entering your blood: Cover and protect eye from dust and germs – chemicals that kill germs: Line the nose, mouth, eyes and other body openings, trap germs: Washes germs away from teeth – chemicals that kill germs: Secondary circulatory system helps body fight germs and maintain its fluid balance. WBC: system Response to injury or disease, results in swelling, pain, heat, redness. WBC rush to affected area and destroy germs: Gastric juices lining the stomach: Types of Noncommunicable Diseases Heart disease Heart attack – myocardial infarction- damage to the heart resulting from blackage of its normal blood supply Atherosclerosis – build up fatty substances on the walls of the arteries causing blood flow to slow down Stroke – blood clot in the brain that stops the flow of blood causing brain cells to die from lack of oxygen HBP – hypertension- higher than normal blood rpessure Congenital heart disease – heart disease that is present at birth Murmers – heart sounds made as a result of blood pressing through irregular valve closures what is cancer? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LEpTTol ebqo Large group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells One out of every five deaths is caused by cancer in the U.S. Facts about cancer Tumor – neoplasmic mass that grows more rapidly than surrounding tissues Neoplasm – uncontrolled, abnormal cellular development that serves no physiological function Malignant – very dangerous or harmful; refers to cancerous tumor Benign – harmless; refers to a noncercerous tumor Biopsy – microscopic examination of tissue to determine if canre is present Metastasis – process by which cancer spreads from a localized area to different areas of the body Cercinogens – cercer producting agents Cancer treatments Surgery – removal of the cancerous area Chemotherapy – using chemical to destroy cancer cells Radiation – using radiation to destroy the cancerous growth Lung cancer – chemotherapy Leukemia – camcer of the blood-forming tissues of white blood cless which causes the abnormal cells to crowd out the normal white blood cells, platelets, and RBC. Chemotherapy and bone marrow transplants Diabetes – disease in which the pancreas fails to preduce enough insulin or the body fails to use insulin effectively. Insulin is a hormone preduced by the pancreas; required by the body for the metabolism of carboydrates. Arthritis – inflammatory, painful disease of the joints osteoarthritis.- deterioration of bones and joints because of “wear and tear” of aging Those who are doing research on noncommunicable disesases need to be extremely specific on the exact causes and treatments…. Make sure to include a history, symtoms, and who is most susceptible Give as much information as you can… we want to know everything… What is communicable disease?? Illnesses that can be passed on from one person to another. Disease that affects the body or mind What are the causes??? GERMS So small a person can see them only through a microscope. Germs get into body cells, grow and reproduce Some produce waste products that are poisonous to cells. Results in infection, destroys or damages body cells. 5 types of germs Can you name them What is a germ??? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3phZfvO FcHE Betty Bacteria Single celled organism that may be disease causing Ear infections Infected cuts are types of bacteria viruses Minute parasites that live insed another cell Rabies and AIDS are a couple 150 viuses that are known to cause disesases Ricketsias Are disease causing organisms that are spread by different kinds of animals Lice, mites, ticks carry rickettsias Fungi Simple life forms that cannot make their own food which like to live in warm, moist areas. Disease of fungi include: athletes foot, ringworm, Keep infected areas clean and dry plus treatment brings relief to these infected areas Protozoa Microscopic Single celled organisms associated with tropical diseases such as – Malaria – Water-borne diseases Video on parasites… http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ABeBqb By2Lo HOW ARE GERMS SPREAD Close contact with person who has the germ: couph or sneeze Direct contact with a person who has the germ: STD, kissing Contact with animals Contact through drinking water or eating uncooked food What is your immune system? How can it help? Group of body organs, tissues and cells that fight germs and that have the ability to remember how to destroy the same germ again. How and why do people get fevers? The body’s defense mechanism to destroy germs Lots of rest, medicine, stay hydrated Phagocytes Lymphocytes What do these words mean…. Why are they important to know??? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kskFjm1 pKEs Phagocyte – special WBC that are released in the blood when a germ enters the body Main germ fighters made up of special white blood cells that contain T-cells and B-cells. B- cells produce antibodies which give you immunity to a disease. T-cells stimulate B-cells to produce antibodies IMPORTANT FACTS Receive vaccines against disesases and practice good health habits Hold your arm over your mouth when you cough of sneeze. Wash your hands after using the bathroom and always wash your hands when handling uncooked meat CHICKEN POX – WHY VACCINES ARE IMPORTANT http://www.pkids.org/immunizations/videos/chickenpox.html Vocab words to know Epidemic – disese outbreak that affects many people in a community or region at the same time Incubation period – time between exposure to a disease and te appearance of the symptom Antigen – substance capable of triggering an immune system. Can be a virus, bacterium, or fungus or parasite Anitbodies – substance produced by the body that are individually matched to specific antigens YOU WILL NEED TO TAKE NOTES WHILE THE PRESENTATIONS ARE BEING DONE THE INFORMATION WILL BE SEEN AGAIN ON A TEST…. THESE ARE THE SPECIFIC DISEASES YOU NEED TO KNOW- PAY ATTENTION