Transcript Chapter 4
Introduction to Management
UNIT 3
Overview
What is management?
What is management coordination?
What are objectives?
Management characteristics
Management skills
In the home
In the community
In school
In government
In business/enterprise
Management v Enterprise
Management (2006 SQ 3)
Management is the process of setting and achieving
objectives by making the best use of people, time,
money and equipment.
A manager (CEO) or (MD) is responsible for the
overall day to day running of the business.
Co-ordination (2001 SQ 4)
Managers must ensure that all parts of an
organisation is working towards a common goal.
Everyone needs to be aware of the overall objectives.
Good managers ensures that the plans and activities
of each section fits in with each other.
What is an Objective?
An objective is a target to be achieved some time in
the future.
Business Example: Increase sales by 10% in the next
year
Personal Example: Get an A1 in Business in the
Leaving Certificate!!
A general objective
Is a mission statement.
It gives an outline of the overall aims of the
organisation.
Example: Pfizer’s mission is to apply science and
our global resources to improve health and wellbeing at every stage of life
A specific objective
A statement of a more narrow and defined target.
Example: The company will increase the workforce
by 10% this year.
Tactical Objective
A short to medium term goal.
It will take 1 to 5 years to achieve.
Example: increase sales by 20% within three years
Strategic Objective
A long term goal.
It will take 5 to 20 years to achieve.
Example: expand internationally by opening 20
shops around the world.
Management Terms
Effectiveness
Efficiency
Productivity
Management Terms
Effectiveness – measure the success of the business
in achieving it’s objective
Efficiency – a business is efficient when it uses the
least amount of resources to achieve the best results
Productivity – is the relationship between inputs
(raw materials) and outputs (finished products
Productivity is high when few inputs generate many outputs
High productivity reduces costs and increases profits
Management Characteristics
S–S–A–C–H–D–D
Self-motivated
Self-belief
Adaptable
Charismatic
Hard-working
Decisive
Desire for achievement
Self-motivated
Managers are self-starters.
They have the initiative to do things themselves.
Self-belief
Managers have confidence in themselves to make
decisions and promote their business.
Managers are positive in their approach.
Adaptable
Managers must have the innate ability to be flexible
and be able to cope with different situations.
They don’t mind moving outside their “comfort
zone”.
They don’t mind change or trying something new.
Adaptable
Charismatic
Managers must have an air about them that
commands respect.
They must be liked by their subordinates if they are
to be successful in influencing them to achieve
goals.
Hard working
Managers must be willing to spend long hours at
work.
They should be the first to arrive and the last to
leave.
They must lead by example.
Hard working
Decisive
Managers must have the intelligence & judgement
to make quick and effective decisions.
They must be confident in their own ability to make
decisions.
Desire for achievement
Managers must have a strong desire to see their
business succeed.
They must be willing to put in the effort needed
for this.
Management Skills
Leadership
Communication
Motivation
Leadership
A leader is a person who gives direction by guiding
people towards achievieng goals.
They delegate tasks and responsibilities to others in
order to involve them, share the work load and reduce
stress.
Leadership
They coordinate the efforts of staff in each
department in order to ensure that harmony and
common goals are known achieved. (2001 SQ 4)
They motivate staff by being aware of the factors
that entice workers to be more productive.
Communication
Communication is a management skill that involves the
transfer of information from one person to another in a
way that it is received and understood.
Communication involves being able to:
Read and write in the appropriate language
Speak to individuals and groups
Be aware of the recipient(s)
Stimulate, motivate and negotiate
Listen, filter and absorb
Act on feedback
Motivation
Is a management skill that involves persuading
people to act in a certain way.
It involves being aware of the factors that lead
people to act in a certain way.
Theories of motivation include McGregor’s Theory X
and Throry Y and Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs.
Management skills in the home
Leaders: Parents/Guardians
Communicate with: Children, school, doctors, banks,
friends.
Motivate: children to do house & school work & have
healthy lifestyle.
Management skills in the community
Leaders = Volunteers
Communicate with: Businesses, voluntary groups,
government agencies.
Motivate: Government to give grants, businesses to
give sponsorship, locals to give free time.
Management skills in school
Leaders: Principal & Deputy Principal
Communicate with: Teachers, students, parents,
HSE, doctors.
Motivate: Teachers & students to work hard, parents
to support children, fundraise…
Management skills in government
Leaders = Ministers
Communicate with: Civil servants, social partners
(IBEC, ICTU, IFA).
Motivate: All social partners to agree on national
wage agreements and policies
Management skills in business/enterprise
Leaders: Entrepreneurs
Communicate with: Investors, suppliers, customers…
Motivate: Investors to give them money, suppliers to
give credit & discount.
Similarities between Enterprise & Management
Choose three characteristics that are the same and
explain each one using a heading and bullet points.
Distinguish between Enterprise & Management
(2009 SQ 7)
Enterprise is the ability to generate new ideas,
identify opportunities and have the confidence,
motivation & determination to take an uninsurable
risk to turn an idea into reality.
Example: Mark Zuckerberg took the risk to setup
Facebook.
…whereas…
Management is the process of getting objectives &
activities completed efficiently & effectively through
the use of human & financial resources on a day to day
basis.
Management skills
Leadership, Communication & Motivation.
Management activities
Planing Organising & Controlling.
Example: Manager of a branch of Dunnes Stores
Sample Exam Questions
Short
2009 Q 7. Enterprise v
management
2006 Q 3. Management
2001 Q 4. Co-ordination
Long
2009 Q4
2002 Q 4 (Management
skills in home,
community, government,
business start up)
1999 Q 4 (Letter:
management
characteristics)
Applied Business Questions
2010 (C): Management Skills
2004 (C): Management Skills
1999 (C): Management Skills
Recap and Review
What is management?
What is management coordination?
What are objectives?
Management characteristics
Management skills
In the home
In the community
In school
In government
In business/enterprise
Management v Enterprise