Transcript PowerPoint Presentation - The ICO Mission and Primary Programs

International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
A Critical Challenge for Ophthalmology:
Enhancing Training
To Meet the
Need for Eye Care
International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
Unmet Public Need for Eye Care
• Worldwide at least 161 million people are
severely visually impaired:
– 37 million blind
– 124 million with low vision
• Burden of blindness greatest in the least
developed regions of the globe.
• Global vision loss is certain to increase,
particularly in developing countries, due to
population growth and aging, unless concerted
action is taken.
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
Number of Visually Impaired
(Per Million Population, WHO data from 2002)
45,000
40,000
35,000
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
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Emr
Sear
Wpr
Amr
Eur
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
Unmet Public Need for Eye Care
New WHO Estimates (October 2006):
• 153 million people around the world have uncorrected
refractive errors
• Including at least 13 million children (age 5 to 15) and 45
million working age adults (age 16 to 49)
• 90 percent of those with uncorrected refractive errors live
in low- and middle-income countries
• A total of 314 million are visually impaired
“We must re-double our efforts to ensure that
every person who needs help is able to receive it,”
– Serge Resnikoff, MD, WHO
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
Global Distribution of Blindness
(by Cause, 2002 WHO Data)
Other
13 %
Age Related
Macular Degeneration 9%
Cataract
47 %
Childhood blindness 4%
Diabetic Retinopathy 5%
Corneal scar 5%
Onchocerciasis -1 %
Glaucoma
12%
Trachoma
4%
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
World Health Report 2006
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
Key Issues Related to Training
Particularly in developing countries:
• Not enough ophthalmologists and other eye care
providers to provide the care needed
• Mal-distribution: Lack of providers where most needed
• Not enough training programs
• Existing training programs not focused on public needs,
e.g., for community eye health
• Lack of infrastructure and professional development for
those who are trained
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
Challenge for Ophthalmology
• To provide LEADERSHIP for training the
ophthalmologists and other personnel needed to
meet the public need for eye care
• Long-term goals:
– Increase access to quality eye care worldwide
– Prevent avoidable blindness and visual loss
– Preserve and restore vision
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
What the ICO Asks Societies To Do
• Work with national VISION 2020 programs and others
involved with eye care
• Assess the needs for ophthalmologists and other
providers in your country
• Evaluate existing training programs
• Define what needs to be done to improve and expand
training
• Advocate for funding and other support to do it
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
Eye Care Personnel Needed
Teams of:
• Ophthalmologists (surgeons and “eye
doctors”)
• Subspecialists (pediatric, retina, etc.)
• Primary physicians trained in eye care
• Mid level eye personnel (MLEP) and nurses
• Optometrists or refractionists and opticians
• Managers and community eye health workers
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
Training Principles
• Training in ophthalmology should focus on
meeting needs of communities and
populations, not just individuals
• Needs are best met by eye care teams,
trained together to work as teams
• Comprehensive eye care should be an
integral part of the health care system
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
Training Principles (2)
• Community-level primary eye care should
be integrated into primary health care
• Eye care training should be integrated
with training for the rest of the health
care system
• Those who are trained need infrastructure
and continuing professional development
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
VISION 2020: The Right To Sight
• Global initiative to eliminate avoidable blindness by the
year 2020
• Partnership launched in 1999, led by International
Agency for the Prevention of Blindness (IAPB) and WHO
• VISION 2020 implementation plans being defined at
regional, national and provincial/district levels
• Three core strategies:
– Disease control
– Infrastructure development
– Human resources development
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
WHA Resolution 59-25
• Adopted by World Health Association in May 2006
• Calls on countries to:
– develop and strengthen eye care services and integrate
them in the existing health care system, including
training and re-training of health workers in visual
health
• Calls on WHO to:
– provide support to collaboration among countries for
the prevention of avoidable blindness and visual
impairment in particular in the area of training of all
categories of relevant staff
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
Resources for Enhancing Training
• VISION 2020 Human Resources Working Group
• Corporate and private support
• ICO/IFOS:
– Curricula for training of residents, medical students
and allied personnel
– Pilot project to enhance residency training in Nigeria
– ICO Courses for Residency Program Directors
– ICO Basic and Clinical Assessments
– IFOS/ICO International Fellowship
– ICO International Clinical Guidelines
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
Resources: VISION 2020 HRWG
• VISION 2020 Human Resources Working Group (HRWG)
dedicated to optimizing and expanding training of
eye care personnel around the world
• Co-chaired by WHO’s Para Pararajasegaram, FRCS,
FRCP, FRCOphth, and ICO President Bruce Spivey,
MD, with Suzanne Gilbert as coordinator
• Will encourage and support planning and
implementation of efforts to enhance training
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
Resources: Corporate and Private
• Carl Zeiss has donated $200,000 per year for five
years to support development of five IAPB – Carl
Zeiss Training Centers in different areas of need
– Indonesia (2005), Nigeria (2006), Eastern Africa
(2007), with 2008 and 2009 to be determined
• Eli Lilly and Company Foundation award of $150,000
to ICOFoundation for ICO to establish model Diabetic
Eye Disease Center
• More to come
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
Background: ICO/IFOS
• In 1857 in Brussels, 150 ophthalmologists from 24
countries met in the first International Congress of
Ophthalmology
• International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) founded in
1927 in Scheveningen, Holland
• International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
(IFOS) founded in 1933 in Madrid, Spain
• IFOS represents and serves associations of
ophthalmologists around the world
• ICO is the executive body of IFOS
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
Background: ICO/IFOS
ICO Primary Commitments:
1. Enhance ophthalmic education
2. Support communication and collaboration among
ophthalmologic societies and ophthalmologists
3. Advocate for preservation of vision
4. Define proposed clinical guidelines and standards
5. Stimulate research to eradicate preventable vision
loss
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
Resources: ICO Ophthalmic Education
• Curricula for residents, medical students, allied health
and CME
• Pilot project to enhance residency training in Nigeria
• Courses for residency program directors
• ICO Basic and Clinical Assessments
• IFOS/ICO International Fellowship
• ICO International Clinical Guidelines
• World Ophthalmology Congress
• Atlas of Ophthalmology - atlasofophthalmology.com
(endorsed by the ICO)
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
Resources: ICO Curricula
• ICO international task forces have defined
principles and guidelines for curricula for :
– Ophthalmology residency education
– Medical student education in ophthalmology
– Allied ophthalmic personnel training
– Ophthalmology continuing education
• Intended to be adapted by ophthalmologic
societies and training programs
• Can be downloaded from www.icoph.org/ed
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
Resources: Pilot Project in Nigeria
Initiative of ICO and Ophthalmological Society of
Nigeria (OSN) to improve residency training:
• Six regional residency resource centers with
Internet access
• OSN has defined a Vision for the Future – Nigeria
and established an OSN Foundation
• “Twinning” with All India Ophthalmologic Society
and work with Aravind Eye Care System
• Creating high-quality training center in Ibadan
• Evaluation of impact on patient care
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
Resources: Residency Training
• Two-day ICO Course for Residency Program
Directors offered in Mexico, Peru, Egypt, etc.
• New ICO committee to focus on enhancing
residency training
• Translation of ICO Curriculum for Residency
Training into Spanish
• Minimum Standards for Residency Training in
Latin America defined by Pan-American
Association of Ophthalmology and Pan-American
Council of University Professors in Ophthalmology
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
ICO International Assessments for
Ophthalmologists
• ICO Basic Science Assessment and Clinical
Sciences Assessment offered each year
throughout the world
• In 2006, about 1540 candidates enrolled for
Assessments at 92 test centers in 61 countries
• Assessments offered early in April each year, in
2007 on April 12
• Deadline to apply is January 31 each year
• Used in some countries to evaluate residents
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
IFOS/ICO International Fellowship
• 198 IFOS/ICO Fellowships awarded since 2001
• Purpose: help young ophthalmologists, especially from
developing nations, improve practical skills
• Fellowships generally last three months
• Fellows expected to bring knowledge and skills back to
their country
• Available from more than 60 ophthalmology
departments and institutions in 27 countries
• Application deadline: each March 31 and September 30
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
Conclusion
• There are critical public needs for eye care not being
met, resulting in avoidable blindness and loss of vision
• Not enough ophthalmologists or other eye care providers
being trained and insufficient training programs
• The ICO asks ophthalmologic societies to take the lead in
defining how to enhance training to meet public needs
• Lots resources available to help you do that, particularly
from the ICO
• Thank you for considering this opportunity and challenge
• We look forward to working with you to improve training
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International Council of Ophthalmology/
International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
To Contact the ICO:
Bruce E. Spivey, MD, President
International Council of Ophthalmology
945 Green Street
San Francisco, California, USA 94133
Fax: (+1) 415 409-8403
E-mail: [email protected]
Web: www.icoph.org
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