Transcript Chapter 6: Applications Software

Applications Software
Chapter 6
The User’s Tools
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Overview
• Application software
categories
• Common features
• Productivity tools
• Specialty applications
• Installation and updating
• Ethics and intellectual
property rights
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Applications
• Of-the-shelf up to ten
times less costly than
hiring a company to
write from scratch
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Four Basic Categories of
Applications
• Basic productivity
• Business and Specialty
– vertical market
software
• Entertainment
• Education and
Reference
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Productivity
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Word processing
Spreadsheet
Personal finance
Presentation graphics
Database management
• Group collaboration
• Desktop and personal
information
management
• Integrated
• Web browsing
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Specialty Tools
• Based on requirements of the occupation
– desktop publishing in publications work
– CAD/CAM for engineering and manufacturing
– CASE for software programmers and systems
analysts
– Multimedia authoring for graphic artists
– Project management for system construction
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Entertainment Software
• Arcade
• Intellectual
• Training-style
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Educational
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Encyclopedia
Phonebooks
Almanacs
Atlases
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Common Features
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Insertion points
Scrolling
Windows
Menu bar
Pull-down menu
Help menu and screens
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More Features
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Buttons
Toolbars
Dialog box
Default values
Macros
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More Features (continued)
• Clipboard
• Tutorials and documentation
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Compatibility Issues
• Determine application needs first, before
buying a system
• Applications may not be available for all
operating systems
• The more applications become available on
Web sites, the closer to universal software
applicability we get
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Word Processing
• Basic documents
• Templates
• Add extras found
normally only in
publications
• Can show document as
WYSIWYG
• Grammar checker
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Word Processing (continued)
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Spell checker
Thesaurus
Formatting
Columns
Justification
Pages, footers, headers
More formatting
Linking to other
applications
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Spreadsheet Solutions
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Cells and cell address
Values
Formulas
Functions
Recalculation
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Increased Usefulness
• Simple database
filters
• Linking
• Analytical graphics
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Personal Finance Software
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Income and expenses
Checkbook management
Reporting
Income tax
Financial planning
Retirement planning
Portfolio management
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Presentation Graphics
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Graphs
Data
Information
Charts
Art work
Multimedia
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Database Management Software
• Controls database structure
• Access to data
• Object-oriented databases include
pictures, sound, multimedia
• Can be difficult to use
• Many templates, including
financial
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Principal Features of a Database
• Organization
– field, record, file
• Access
– similar to row, column,
worksheet
• Excel
– select and display
– sort
– calculate and formulate
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More Database Fundamentals
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Queries
Forms
Reports
Macros
Modules
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Groupware
• Exemplified by Lotus Notes
• Novell’s GroupWare another example
• Allows people to work as a group, using
information from a large, installed database
of e-mail and other documents
• Coordinate on group projects
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Specialized Groupware
• Workflow software
– Action Workflow System
– ProcessIt
– tasks and information
required to perform the
tasks
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More Specialized Groupware
• Meeting software
– Microsoft’s NetMeeting
– Netscape Collaborator
– allows computer-linked meetings
• Scheduling software
– Microsoft Outlook
– PowerCore’s Network Scheduler 3
– electronic calendar and synchronization
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Desktop Accessories
• Desktop accessories or
organizer
– Lotus Agenda
– within Windows 9x
– calendar, clock, card file,
calculator, notepad
– works like items that one
uses on a desktop
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PIMs
• Personal Information Managers
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Ecco
Lotus Organizer
word processor
database
desktop accessories
often integrated into e-mail and groupware
products
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Integrated Software
• Combines features of several programs
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word processing
spreadsheet
database
graphics
communications
some have help wizards that employ templates
less powerful than full single-purpose programs
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Office Suite Programs
• Bundled and integrated
– Microsoft Office
• multiple combinations of applications
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Corel’s Perfect Office
Sun’s StarOffice
Lotus SmartSuite
require large storage capacity
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Web Browsers
• Enables Web site viewing
• Microsoft Internet Explorer
combined with Windows operating
system
• AOL unique browser with Internet
access
• Netscape Navigator still a large
portion of browsers installed
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Specialty Applications Software
• Desktop publishing
• Project
Management
• CAD/CAM
• Drawing and
painting
• Multimedia
authoring
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Desktop Publishing
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DTP
Typographical precision
Combining text with graphics
Varied type and layout styles
Use of files from other programs
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DTP
• QuarkXPress
• Adobe PageMaker
• Easily add in files from
Adobe PhotoShop and
Illustrator, CorelDraw,
and Microsoft Word
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Project Management
• Plan, schedule, control
resources
• People, costs,
equipment
• Use of Gantt and
PERT charts
– including identification
of critical path
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CAD/CAM
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Computer-Aided Design
Computer-Aided Manufacturing
Help design products and structures
Assist architects and engineers
AutoSketch
CorelCAD
TurboCAD
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Drawing
• Drawing program
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similar to CAD, vector-based
design and illustrate objects and products
textured papers and backgrounds
Sketcher
CorelDraw
Adobe Illustrator
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Painting
• Raster-based
• Simulate painting on
as screen
• Uses large amount of
memory
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Multimedia Authoring
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Text
Graphics
Sound
Animation
Video
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Multimedia
• Can influence decision
makers
• Microsoft PowerPoint
• Macromedia AuthorWare
• Asymetrix Toolbook
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Installing Software
• Versions
– major upgrade
• Release
– minor upgrade
• Most software is upward compatible
– sometimes software companies have difficulty
producing clean conversions to new versions
• Downward compatible
– new versions that can run on older versions are
less common
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Ethics and Intellectual Property
• Three methods of protecting intellectual
property rights
– patents
• for an invention
– trade secrets ®
• for a formula or method of doing business
– copyrights ©
• for a song or book
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Copyright ©
• Exclusive legal right that prohibits copying
without the permission of the copyright
holder
• Protects the expression of an idea but not
the idea itself
• Do not have to register to be in effect
• Books, articles, music, movies, software
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Piracy
• Software piracy
– unauthorized copy by floppy or
CD-R
• Network piracy
– using networks to distribute
unauthorized copies
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Plagiarism
• The expropriation of
another writer’s text,
findings, interpretations,
and presenting it as one’s
own
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Ownership of Images and Sound
• Pay fees or give
royalties to
prevent future law
suits when images
are used; check
whether violating
copyright laws
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Public Software
• Public domain software
– may be duplicated at will
• Freeware
– free of charge within stated rights
• Shareware
– copyrighted, but required to pay a fee if usage
beyond a time,
– registering allows user to receive help and
updates
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Proprietary Software
• Rights are owned by the individual or
business
• Must be used according to permission
• Is a license to use, not an outright sale
• Shrink-wrap common
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Types of Licenses
• Single-user license
– one user at a time
• Multiple-user license
– more than one on a network
• Concurrent-use license
– specified number at one time
• Site license
– as many copies as needed for a facility
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The Software Police
• Software Publishers
Association
• Hotline: 1-800-388-7478
• Large fines and prison time
for violations
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