Transcript UTTAR PRADESH BHUMI SUDHAR NIGAM

Uttar Pradesh
Bhumi Sudhar Nigam
Welcomes the Participants
of the IK Distance Learning Course
 Out
of 329 m ha geographical area of the country, around 175 million
ha is degraded – 6.9 m ha. is sodic.
SCENARIO IN UP
 Salt affected area estimated at 1.2 m ha
(Source: RSAC satellite imagery in 1986 ).
 Sodic lands are owned by small and marginal farmers or Gram Samaj
(Village local body).
 In 1993, U.P. Bhumi Sudhar Nigam started a sodic land reclamation
project with financial assistance from World Bank with a target to
reclaim 45,000 ha sodic lands in ten districts of Uttar Pradesh.
 Sodic Land Reclamation Project was planned providing flexibility to
introduce changes based on implementation experiences and increased
community participation.
UP SODIC LANDS RECLAMATION I PROJECT
MAP SHOWING PROJECT AREA
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Muzaf f ar N ag ar
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Bijn ore
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Meer u t Joyti F u lena ga r
Moradabad
Ram p ur
Buland Sa har
Ha t hras
Eta h
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Ba lr am pur
Ha r doi
Fe rozab ad
Sra w asti
Sidd hart a N ag ar
Kannau j
Gon da
Lu c knowBarab ank i
Eta w ah
Au ra iy a
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Bahr a ic h
Sitap ur
Main pu ri
Agra
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La k .Khe ri
Shahja ha npur
Farrukhab ad
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Pilib hit
Bada un
Aligarh
Mathura
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Ba reilly
Y A
Unn ao
Ka npu r D e hat
Ka npu r
Ja la un
Faiza bad
Basti
Sa nt K abirna gar
Kush ina gar
Gora khp ur
Rae Bareli
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Ha m ir pur
Jhans i
Mahar ajg anj
Fatehp ur
Amb edkar N agar
Sult a npur
Deoria
Aza mga rh
Pra ta pg arh
Mau
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Jau npu r
Ballia
Bhad ohi
Chit ra ko ot Allah aba d
Gh azip ur
Ch an dau li
Vara nas i
Mirza
Stpur
R a vidas N aga r
La litp ur
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Ka us h ambh i
Ba nda
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Bagpat
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Legend
DISTRICTS
Phase-I Districts
District Boundary
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So nbh adra
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Sahar anpu r
GB N agar
Ghaziabad
RAJASTH AN
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Objectives
The objectives of the project are to :
i) develop concomitant models for environmental
protection and improved agricultural production
through large scale reclamation of sodic lands;
ii) strengthen local institutions, enabling effective
management of such programme with strong
beneficiary participation and NGO support ;
iii) contribute towards poverty alleviation of families
managing sodic lands.
Implementation Methodology
• Major thrust on community participation and transparency.
• Beneficiary farmers involved as key stake holders right
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from survey planning, execution , Monitoring &Evaluation.
NGOs also involved as key stake holders for motivation ,
awareness and to ensure farmers participation and
transparency.
Capital intensive and work technical in nature assigned to
line departments and rest of the work executed by the
farmers themselves under the supervision of UPBSN staff.
Whole package was designed for four years. From Day 1
basic strategy revolved around ensuring farmer participation
in the implementation of the project.
Outputs & Outcomes of the Project
( Third Eye View : At the time of completion)
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68,400 ha sodic land reclaimed
Crop productivity & Cropping intensity increased
Additional irrigation potential created
Annual household income increased by 53%
Per capita income increased by 163%
Labour migration reduced by 41%
Value of reclaimed land appreciated 3 to 4 times.
The value of incremental production is Rs 180 million per
annum.
• 2166 SHGs formed mobilizing Rs 15 million and Rs 20
million added as Bank credit.
Food Security: Peoples’ Initiatives
Why ITKs
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Cost effective
Sustainable (eco-friendly)
Local resource usage
Capitalizing on natural resources
Easily accessible
Simple technology
Easy to adopt
Sodic Land Reclamation Through Bio-Mass
Paddy straw and water hyacinth are used as alternate
amendment
 This bio degradable material is spread over a moist
field and ploughed in.
 Water is added to a height of 10 cm to help in
decomposition
 The repeated process reclaims the land over a period
of 2 to 3 years
 The technology has been widely adopted
 UPBSN has recorded reclamation of 714 ha sodic
lands by 1905 farmers in 679 project villages
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Use of Sand in Place of Flat Fan Nozzle
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Canary grass ( Phalaris minor ) is a major weed in
wheat crop
As a selective weedicide Isoproturon was used for
which a flat fan nozzle is required to spray it
Resource-poor farmers do not have access to this
implement
In Azamgarh district one such farmer evolved an
indigenous technique of broadcasting weedicide after
mixing with sand
Department of Agriculture validated this technique and
now it is widely used by the farmers
Relay Cropping as a tool to optimize the
sowing time
• Garlic is a major cash crop in Etah & Mainpuri districts
• Garlic follows paddy crop in rotation
• Usual harvest time of paddy is November which delays
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sowing of garlic which is normally sown in October
Productivity of garlic is affected due to delayed sowing
Farmers of three villages of district Etah thought of relay
cropping system
Sowed garlic in standing paddy crop 15-20 days before
harvest of paddy
Garlic began to germinate subsequent to harvest of paddy
Recommended dose of fertilizers for Garlic was given at the
time of first hoeing
Accrued 3 benefits : (i) no pre-irrigation (ii) zero tillage and
(iii) high yield due to timely sowing
Gaining popularity now
Mixed cropping to control aphids
• Mustard is a cash crop in Etah & Aligarh districts
• Mustard is badly affected by Aphids in the month of
January
• Small and marginal farmers wish to get more profit from
the same field
• Shishu Pal Singh of Aligarh tested mixed cropping of
mustard with fenugreek.
• Mixed seasonal cropping gave him additional income
• The field remained free from Aphid’s infestation where
as near by crops were attacked
• An ITK evolved to control the aphids - Being used by a
large numbers of farmers
Alternate Technique of Planting Paddy
• Transplanting of paddy is a labour intensive activity
• Ram Abhilash , a farmer of Allahabad district noticed a few paddy
plants in one of his fields
• Found that this is the result of some pellets embedded with paddy
grains thrown by his children
• He made earthen pellets embedded with paddy seeds and sowed them
in the field
• Through this experiment he concluded:
– 2 to 3 months before sowing ,time, pellets can be formed and seeds
can be embeded within
– Pellets formation and sowing requires less manpower
– Paddy seeds embeded in pellets ( dried) are safely stored
– This technique is useful for rain-fed paddy cultivation
• Hon’ble President of India awarded the farmer for this innovation in
the year 2005
Use of Margossa Leaves in place of Chemicals
• Huge loss occurs in stored food grains due to weevils
• Farmers of Fatehpur & Aauriya districts thought of utilizing the
disinfecting quality of Margossa (Neem) leaves
• Shade dried neem leaves were placed in grain bins in alternate
layers of grains 30 cm and neem leaves 5-8 cm thick
• Grains bin is closed air tight by putting paste of mud and cow dung
• Precautions are taken to keep grain well dried
• Some farmers refined this technique by putting 15-20 cloves of
Garlic along with 250 g neem leaves per quintal of grain
Sesbania Controls Viral disease of Paddy
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Tungru virus causes a severe disease in paddy
Grass hoppers are carrier of this virus but it was not known to the farmers
In 1996-97 Hardoi district ,Jagmohan grew Sesbania for green manuring and
after turning, some of the Sesbania plants left at the border of the field
Many fields were affected with tungru virus but his field was not
Jagmohan and other farmers investigated and found that it was grass hopper
which could not enter the field because of alternate host crop
They concluded that it was sesbania which had protected the field
Another farmer in district Sultanpur observed that Ipomea also attracts grass
hopper and prevents spreading of tungru virus in paddy crop
On the basis of strong belief of farmers and scientific base, this ITK was
published in UPBSN’s periodical and circulated
Low cost winnowing fan
• Manual Winnowing after thrashing of crop is a major challenge
before resource poor, small and marginal farmers
• Keshav Prasad Tripathi of Raebareli district made an effort to
simplify the winnowing process with the help of locally
assembled fan
• He made winnowing fan with the help of scrap material of old
bicycle and some other parts which were easily available locally
– was successful
• The cost of fan is only Rs 600 and is known as “ Keshav
winnowing Fan”
• Learning from Mr Tripathi some other farmers of nearby villages
are also making such fans for their own use and also for rent
purposes
Food Grain Bin made
of local waste
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Some poor farmers of district Jaunpur did not have money
to purchase metallic bins and also did not have space to keep
them inside their small houses
They were successful in preparing a structure as a substitute
to metallic bin which was equally effective in storing grains
even in open air outside the house
A platform is made using paddy straw and torn gunny bags
The grain is put over it and a rope made of straw is spiraled
tightly around it
Finally the top of this structure is covered with a piece of
polyethylene as shown in the picture
This kind of storage has become popular in many villages of
Jaunpur
Zero Energy Cool Chamber
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Members of Adarsh SHG in district Raebareli wanted to
enhance shelf life of perishable items.
Construction of zero energy cool chambers with sand
and bricks.
Two walls of bricks are constructed with sand in
between.
To maintain the inside temperature, water droplets are
applied on sand.
Vegetables are kept in this zero energy cool chamber
and are marketed on better prices.
PROJECT INTERVENTION
WITH
RESPECT
TO
WOMEN
EMPOWERMENT
WHY CONSIDER GENDER IN LAND RECLAMATION
PROJECTS ?
1. To Break the myths that•
Women do only domestic work, they have no significant
contribution for household income, agriculture etc.
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Project benefits are equally shared by each family member
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Technology although targeted for men folk, will benefit both men
and women
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Women’s voice can be heard through male head of the family.
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Women’s knowledge and access is limited, hence they are
incompetent for certain activities
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Women are exposure phobic, prefer to continue to confine to their
surroundings
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Women are passive agents for change.
2. To recognize women as a major stakeholder in our project. Despite
significant contribution, they lack ownership rights and permanent
access to the resources
3 Mobilize resources for effective management of agriculture and
allied activities to produce more.
4. Assist them to gain new access to productive resources.
5. Provide frame work for collective action
6. Help them generate and use their own resources to advocate their
own rights.
8. Provide social infrastructure to improve social cohesion at village
level
What was done towards Gender Equity ?
• Both male & female members of family recognized as
members of SIC to involve them in land reclamation
process and establish their access to resources and
technology
• Women farmer selected as Mahila Mitra Kishan to
disseminate technology to women farmers
• SHGs enhanced economic capacities of women and they
emerged as “ Provider “ of credit for agriculture support
• Capacity enhancement of SHGs through training and
exposure visit
Glimpses of successes of WSHGs’
•The majority of SHG women are from families with almost little
or no access to the productive resources,
•These resource poor women, with the use of indigenous
knowledge, are contributing towards enhancing their family
income
•Some of these activities include Bidi-making from Tendu leaves,
leaf cup plate making, basket making and mat-making through
elephant grass, rope making from sun hemp etc.
Economic activities
•Bhadki Devi, member of "Sneh" SHG, of Tulsipur village
of Sultanpur district has established Rice Mill.
•Kamlesh Devi, member of "Puja" WSHG have opened
Public Distribution System shop in district Kanpur.
•Cheddi devi of Girta SHG has established Flour mill,
•Numerous others have diversified themselves in activities
like apiary, dairy, piggery, goatry, grocery etc
Collective economic endeavors of SHGs
•Members of Rekha WSHG, of village Chirkuaa of district
Auriya are collectively doing embroidery work.
•Similarly Members of "Jaanki" WSHG, of "Karnau" village of
district Pratapgarh are collectively doing fishery.
•Nandani, member of SHG of "Pepalgava" village of Aligarh
district facilitated in establishment of Parag Dairy in her village
and currently all the members of the group are collectively
engaged in dairy
Economic Activities with Corporate
Linkages
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247 women appointed dealers of Hindustan Lever Ltd.
for marketing the personal care products.
Gets a daily business of Rs 250 – Rs 300
A change in the attitude of women from housewife to
business lady.
A step towards her economic empowerment, where
women decides her own product portfolio.
Support to Agriculture activities
•The Members of "Durga" WSHG of Vero-savaya village of
district Jaunpur purchased winnowing fan through group
dividend and are providing it to other farmers on hire basis.
• Member of "Aakansha" WSHG of village gadha is running an
agriculture input service shop through group loan.
• Rekha Devi of "Jai Haridas Baba" WSHG of village
"Salemabad", of district Fatehpur is a dealer of IFFCO input
service center.
Functional literacy and Empowerment
•Chandra Devi of Beni Harsinghpur of District Fatehpur was a
Mahila Mitra Kisan and was later elected as a Panchayat member
•369 members were elected as ward members / BDC members /
Gram Pradhan
Feeling of Self-Help
•Ms Rachkala, president of “Radha SHG”, of Belwa hasanpur
village of Raibarielly district, despite of being a widow and disabled
with one limb, not only reclaimed the sodic land but is also doing
goatry and running grocery shop through group loan.
•Champa, a Scheduled Caste member of Parvati SHG of Bhikampur
village of Etawah district started piggery through group loan and
repaid old debts of her family.
Voice against social vices
•"Shakuntala Devi" SHG member of village Goghmau of Sultanpur
district with the support of cluster not only restrained her husband
from alcoholism but also restricted the sale of alcohol in her village.
Drudgery reduction
•Sangita, a scheduled caste member of Santoshi SHG and Vidhya of
Jai Lakshmi SHG of Soro village of district Allahabad, facilitated in
establishing common toilets for women through group capital.
•Members of SHGs of Sandila, Hardoi district are participating in
the scheme of "Unnat Rasoi Yojana", in which they have been
provided safe cooking appliances such as Cooking gas, pressure
cooker, gas connection etc by Govt. / bank
Networking of SHGs into Cluster
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Groups formed under UPSLRP-I were further network
into 227 clusters
With the intervention of Swashakti project the clusters
were strengthened to address broader issues of women
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Gender equity through workshops, seminars , street plays etc
Literacy through primary schools
Health & hygiene including RCH & MCH services
Social vices including domestic violence, dowry , sex abuse etc.
SEWA Lucknow has extended support in the areas of
training and marketing of chiken work
QUANTITATIVE ACHIEVEMENTS (WSHGs)
Number of Women SHGs =6962
Savings and Linkages with bank
•Total saving = Rs 531.95 Lacs
•Total groups linked with banks = 3452
•CCL disbursed = Rs. 371.17 Lacs
•Total Capital = 903.12 Lacs
Internal Loaning in WSHGs = Rs. 867.40 Lacs
•Agriculture = 359.86 Lacs
•Domestic = 279.55 Lacs
•Economic= 227.99 Lacs
FARMER LED EXTENSION
FARMER FIELD SCHOOL
WHY?
•“Farmers school" a community-based, demand-driven
system for technology development and dissemination
established to ensure the sustainability of project impacts.
•Such institutions have increased the participation of farming
communities towards agriculture development, appropriate
land use, exchanging knowledge & indigenous technology,
upgrading the quality of life of members and ensuring
effective management of their resources.
•126 FFS have been formed, catering to the needs of 19,850
member farmers of 1470 villages
THE CONCEPT
•The Farmer school is a network of progressive farmers of
villages within the radius of 5 Kms.
•These schools involve farmers in learning and disseminating
the appropriate technologies to other farmers
•The network also provides a mechanism of shared
participation both in ideas and collective efforts for community
development and opens a formal channel to facilitate linkages
with government organization and credit institutions at local
level
ACTIVITIES OF FFS
Transfer of technology
• 1473 master trainers on different subjects (Agriculture, Horticulture,
Animal Husbandry, ITK, SHGs, Fisheries, Bee keeping, Organic
farming etc.) have been developed .
•They are providing regular training to member farmers.
Promotion of Organic farming
•647 Nadep, 573 Vermi Compost pit and 100 CPP have been
formed with the support of master trainers.
•474 fertilizer sale outlets established for providing quality
fertilizer to other farmers.
Credit facilitation
•FFS facilitated in formation of 708 WSHGs and 418 MSHGs
•Credit camps have also been organized where 7840 KCC were
distributed to farmers and 425 SHGs were linked with bank for
CCL
FFS & e-choupal
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A corporate Information Technology intervention to Farmers
Field School
An internet kiosk in the village to promote agribusiness and
sustainable extension network
An access point to readily available crop-specific vernacular
websites
Weather forecast and best farming practices
Price trends of different crops
A service centre for input supply and procurement of produces
ITC’s e-choupal has been set up in FFS of Sultanpur ,
Allahabad & Hardoi district
Corporate Linkages of FFS for Sustainability:
•FFS linked with private institutions to get support in the area of
procurement of seeds, fertilizers, skill based trainings, literature,
activities to develop FFS as a `Centre of Excellence’ in the field of
Agriculture.
IFFCO provided literature, training and building maintenance support
as well as dealership for sale of fertilizers to 17 FFS.
INDOGULF provided support in the areas of training and free soil
testing
Libraries established in almost all the FFS and a set of 27 books worth
Rs.13000/- provided to highly vibrant 99 FFS and Clusters with the
support of Dept. of Information .
•Linkages also established with Dept. of Agriculture, horticulture,
animal husbandry KVK etc for updation of technical know how and
derive benefits of schemes implemented by these Departments.
THANKS