Transcript Step Up To: Psychology - Grand Haven Area Public Schools

Step Up To: Psychology
by John J. Schulte, Psy.D.
From Myers,
Psychology 8e
Worth Publishers
Chapter 14: Stress and Health
What can I do?
Just Relax
Don’t Start
Stressed Out?
It’s part of life.
Stressed Out?
500
400
300
200
100
Just Relax
500
400
300
200
100
What can I do?
500
400
300
200
100
Don’t Start
500
400
300
200
100
It’s part of life.
500
400
300
200
100
1. The subfield of psychology that
provides psychology’s contribution to the
prevention and treatment of illness is
known as:
•
•
•
•
A) medical psychology.
B) neuropsychology.
C) health psychology.
D) psychobiology.
2. As you are waiting to be interviewed for a
job, your heart rate, body temperature, and
breathing rate begin to increase. These
changes are due to activation of the _____
nervous system.
•
•
•
•
A) parasympathetic
B) sympathetic
C) somatic
D) central
3. The three successive phases of
the general adaptation syndrome
are:
• A) attention, comprehension and
resistance.
• B) alarm reaction, resistance, and
exhaustion.
• C) adrenal release, cognitive appraisal
and stomach ulceration.
• D) reactive frustration, sympathetic
arousal, and parasympathetic inhibition.
4. Who is the best example of a
Type A personality?
• A) Philip, a competitive, hard-driving
corporation president.
• B) Kane, a relaxed, easy-going mail
carrier.
• C) Jessica, a self-confident,
intelligent journalist.
• D) Christian, an introverted,
inhibited mental patient.
5. In response to stress, the adrenal
gland releases:
•
•
•
•
A) cortisol.
B) lymphocytes.
C) uric acid.
D) acetylcholine.
6. Jenna wants advice on how to cope
with the stress of college life. She would
be best advised to approach college with
a sense of personal:
•
•
•
•
A) skepticism and humility.
B) ambition and competitiveness.
C) control and optimism.
D) urgency and timeconsciousness.
7. Aerobic exercise has been closely
linked to a(n):
• A) decrease in lymphocyte production.
• B) decrease in depression.
• C) increase in blood pressure in
reaction to stress.
• D) decrease in the production of
endorphins.
8. The most important benefit of
biofeedback is its capacity to:
• A) encourage regular aerobic
exercise.
• B) reduce the proliferation of
lymphocytes.
• C) elevate blood cortisol levels.
• D) facilitate the relaxation
response.
9. Stress is defined in the text as:
• A) a physiological reaction to any
negative life event.
• B) the experience of conflicting motives
that produce anxiety and tension.
• C) the process by which we appraise
and cope with environmental threats.
• D) physical, emotional, or mental
exhaustion.
10. Atherosclerosis is most likely to
increase one’s vulnerability to:
•
•
•
•
A) high blood pressure.
B) stomach ulcers.
C) obesity.
D) pneumonia.
11. Electronically recording,
amplifying and displaying information
regarding subtle physiological
responses is called:
•
•
•
•
A) stress management.
B) biofeedback.
C) relaxation training.
D) visual processing.
12. Homeopathy and acupuncture
are forms of:
•
•
•
•
A) alternative medicine.
B) biofeedback.
C) psychophysiological illness.
D) aerobic exercise.
13. College women who had been
sexually abused as children were
especially likely to report health
problems if they had:
•
•
•
•
A) grown up in a religious family.
B) kept the abuse a secret.
C) been victimized before age 5.
D) been victimized by a stranger
rather than by a close relative.
14. A psychologist would most likely
use biofeedback to provide clients with
information about:
•
•
•
•
A) cholesterol level.
B) blood type.
C) blood pressure.
D) genetic makeup.
15. In a study of Type A heart attack survivors,
Friedman and his colleagues found the most
effective technique for preventing recurrent
heart attacks was:
•
•
•
•
A) acupressure therapies.
B) nutrition education.
C) relaxation training.
D) biofeedback.
16. In North America, which of the
following is most likely to cause
premature death?
• A) the failure to use
automobile seat belts
• B) alcohol abuse
• C) smoking
• D) obesity
17. Smoking is especially common
among young teens who:
• A) are not very self-conscious
about their behavior.
• B) receive low grades in school.
• C) come from wealthy families.
• D) are highly popular among their
classmates.
18. Young teens are most likely to start
smoking in order to:
• A) facilitate their social
acceptance.
• B) trigger the release of
endorphins.
• C) boost their mental alertness.
• D) diminish their appetite for
carbohydrates.
19. Which of the following is a common
symptom of nicotine withdrawal?
•
•
•
•
A) drowsiness
B) diminished appetite
C) insensitivity to pain
D) anxiety
20. Nicotine triggers a(n) ___ in blood
pressure and a(n) ___ in pain sensitivity.
•
•
•
•
A) increase; increase
B) increase; decrease
C) decrease; decrease
D) decrease; increase
21. Studies of those who have lost
weight on weight-loss programs
indicate that most:
• A) males and females manage their
weight loss.
• B) males and females eventually gain all
their weight back.
• C) females regain their weight, whereas
most males maintain their weight loss.
• D) males regain their weight, whereas
females maintain their weight loss.
22. Justin wants to avoid feeling sleepy
during his early afternoon psychology
class. He would be best advised to
avoid eating ___ for lunch.
•
•
•
•
A) chicken
B) vegetable soup
C) spaghetti
D) a lettuce salad
23. A psychophysiological illness is
a(n):
• A) physical illness that produces a
psychological disorder.
• B) illness that is linked to stress.
• C) disease of the central nervous
system.
• D) physical or psychological disorder
that has a genetic component.
24. High-carbohydrate foods
increase:
•
•
•
•
A) mental alertness.
B) pain sensitivity.
C) relaxation.
D) anxiety.
25. Following each of his acupuncture
treatments, Warren has experienced relief
from the nerve pain caused by HIV. His
pain relief is most likely attributable to:
• A) a decrease in lymphocyte
production.
• B) an increase in heart rate and
blood pressure.
• C) his Type A personality.
• D) the placebo effect.
Stop here, or continue as a review
1. The subfield of psychology that
provides psychology’s contribution to the
prevention and treatment of illness is
known as:
•
•
•
•
A) medical psychology.
B) neuropsychology.
C) health psychology.
D) psychobiology.
549
2. As you are waiting to be interviewed for a
job, your heart rate, body temperature, and
breathing rate begin to increase. These
changes are due to activation of the _____
nervous system.
•
•
•
•
A) parasympathetic
B) sympathetic
C) somatic
D) central
551
3. The three successive phases of
the general adaptation syndrome
are:
• A) attention, comprehension and
resistance.
• B) alarm reaction, resistance, and
exhaustion.
• C) adrenal release, cognitive appraisal
and stomach ulceration.
• D) reactive frustration, sympathetic
arousal, and parasympathetic inhibition.
552
4. Who is the best example of a
Type A personality?
• A) Philip, a competitive, hard-driving
corporation president.
• B) Kane, a relaxed, easy-going mail
carrier.
• C) Jessica, a self-confident,
intelligent journalist.
• D) Christian, an introverted,
inhibited mental patient.
554
5. In response to stress, the adrenal
gland releases:
•
•
•
•
A) cortisol.
B) lymphocytes.
C) uric acid.
D) acetylcholine.
551
6. Jenna wants advice on how to cope
with the stress of college life. She would
be best advised to approach college with
a sense of personal:
•
•
•
•
A) skepticism and humility.
B) ambition and competitiveness.
C) control and optimism.
D) urgency and timeconsciousness.
556
7. Aerobic exercise has been closely
linked to a(n):
• A) decrease in lymphocyte production.
• B) decrease in depression.
• C) increase in blood pressure in
reaction to stress.
• D) decrease in the production of
endorphins.
556
8. The most important benefit of
biofeedback is its capacity to:
• A) encourage regular aerobic
exercise.
• B) reduce the proliferation of
lymphocytes.
• C) elevate blood cortisol levels.
• D) facilitate the relaxation
response.
569
9. Stress is defined in the text as:
• A) a physiological reaction to any
negative life event.
• B) the experience of conflicting motives
that produce anxiety and tension.
• C) the process by which we appraise
and cope with environmental threats.
• D) physical, emotional, or mental
exhaustion.
550
10. Atherosclerosis is most likely
to increase one’s vulnerability to:
•
•
•
•
A) high blood pressure.
B) stomach ulcers.
C) obesity.
D) pneumonia.
556
11. Electronically recording,
amplifying and displaying information
regarding subtle physiological
responses is called:
•
•
•
•
A) stress management.
B) biofeedback.
C) relaxation training.
D) visual processing.
569
12. Homeopathy and acupuncture
are forms of:
•
•
•
•
A) alternative medicine.
B) biofeedback.
C) psychophysiological illness.
D) aerobic exercise.
570
13. College women who had been
sexually abused as children were
especially likely to report health
problems if they had:
•
•
•
•
A) grown up in a religious family.
B) kept the abuse a secret.
C) been victimized before age 5.
D) been victimized by a stranger
rather than by a close relative.
567
14. A psychologist would most likely
use biofeedback to provide clients with
information about:
•
•
•
•
A) cholesterol level.
B) blood type.
C) blood pressure.
D) genetic makeup.
569
15. In a study of Type A heart attack
survivors, Friedman and his colleagues
found the most effective technique for
preventing recurrent heart attacks was:
•
•
•
•
A) acupressure therapies.
B) nutrition education.
C) relaxation training.
D) biofeedback.
567
16. In North America, which of the
following is most likely to cause
premature death?
• A) the failure to use
automobile seat belts
• B) alcohol abuse
• C) smoking
• D) obesity
577
17. Smoking is especially common
among young teens who:
• A) are not very self-conscious
about their behavior.
• B) receive low grades in school.
• C) come from wealthy families.
• D) are highly popular among their
classmates.
578
18. Young teens are most likely to start
smoking in order to:
• A) facilitate their social
acceptance.
• B) trigger the release of
endorphins.
• C) boost their mental alertness.
• D) diminish their appetite for
carbohydrates.
577
19. Which of the following is a common
symptom of nicotine withdrawal?
•
•
•
•
A) drowsiness
B) diminished appetite
C) insensitivity to pain
D) anxiety
578
20. Nicotine triggers a(n) ___ in blood
pressure and a(n) ___ in pain sensitivity.
•
•
•
•
A) increase; increase
B) increase; decrease
C) decrease; decrease
D) decrease; increase
578
21. Studies of those who have lost
weight on weight-loss programs
indicate that most:
• A) males and females manage their
weight loss.
• B) males and females eventually gain all
their weight back.
• C) females regain their weight, whereas
most males maintain their weight loss.
• D) males regain their weight, whereas
females maintain their weight loss.
588
22. Justin wants to avoid feeling sleepy
during his early afternoon psychology
class. He would be best advised to
avoid eating ___ for lunch.
•
•
•
•
A) chicken
B) vegetable soup
C) spaghetti
D) a lettuce salad
589
23. A psychophysiological illness is
a(n):
• A) physical illness that produces a
psychological disorder.
• B) illness that is linked to stress.
• C) disease of the central nervous
system.
• D) physical or psychological disorder
that has a genetic component.
556
24. High-carbohydrate foods
increase:
•
•
•
•
A) mental alertness.
B) pain sensitivity.
C) relaxation.
D) anxiety.
588
25. Following each of his acupuncture
treatments, Warren has experienced
relief from the nerve pain caused by
HIV. His pain relief is most likely
attributable to:
• A) a decrease in lymphocyte
production.
• B) an increase in heart rate and
blood pressure.
• C) his Type A personality.
• D) the placebo effect.
570
Acknowledgements
• Step Up Created by:
– John J. Schulte, Psy.D.
• Based on Psychology,
Eighth Edition by
• David Myers
• Published by
• Worth Publishers, 2006
Answers
1.
C
9.
C
17.
B
2.
B
10.
A
18.
A
3.
B
11.
B
19.
D
4.
A
12.
A
20.
B
5.
A
13.
B
21.
B
6.
C
14.
C
22.
C
7.
B
15.
C
23.
B
8.
D
16.
C
24.
C
25.
D