Transcript Types of Sentences - St. John the Beloved School

Types of Sentences
• Declarative makes a statement and ends with
a period.
• Interrogative asks a question and ends with a
question mark
• Imperative makes a command or request &
ends with a period
• Exclamatory expresses strong feeling and ends
with an exclamation point
Subjects & Predicates
• Subject: tells whom or what the sentence is
about.
• Predicate: tells what the subject is, does, has
or feels
– Includes Verb
Every cloud |has a silver lining
People in America | eat three meals a day.
• Simple Subject: the key words or words that
the sentence is about (usually noun or
pronoun)
– Oil is a peanut product.
– Carver’s discoveries made peanuts important.
• Simple Predicate: verb or verb phrase telling
what the subject does
– Peanuts have been important for years.
– We have often wondered about their origin.
– Peanut crop pests must be controlled.
Finding the Subject
1. Many sentences are in a natural order
Subject->Predicate
The Mad Hatter came out of the woods.
The bird flew into the tree.
2. Sometimes, they can be in inverted order.
Predicate->Subject
Out of the woods came the Mad Hatter.
Into the tree flew a bird.
“WHERE ON THESE MAPS IS BRAZIL?”
Interrogative Sentences are usually inverted
order.
To find a subject, try arranging the words into
their natural order.
Compound Subjects & Predicates
Compound Subject: 2+ simple subjects that have the same
predicate
- Marie and Sam arrived late.
Compound Predicate: 2+ simple predicates with the same
subject
- Sara went to jazzercise and then went to the mall.
- Molly went to jazzercise but was too tired to go to the mall.
Forming Compound Subjects and Predicates
You can make your writing more concise by creating compound
subjects & predicates.
Example:
My best friend makes me laugh. My best friend gives me advice
too.
My best friend makes me laugh and gives me advice.
Sara attended the school dance. Her little brother went too.
Sara and her little brother went to the school dance.
Compound Sentences
A simple sentence expresses one complete idea.
- A simple sentence can have a compound subject, compound
predicate, or both.
- Mary and Sam fought a lot but eventually made up.
A compound sentence expresses two or more ideas that are related
and are equal in importance.
- The two clauses will be connected with a conjunction (and, but, or
or)
- OR, you can join two separate sentences with a semicolon (;)
- Our English class is hard and the homework never ends!
- Our English class is hard; the homework never ends!
Conjunctions
“A word that joins words or groups of words”
Coordinating Conjunction: connects related words that have the same
function
and
but
or
nor
for
yet
so
Correlative Conjunction: pairs of conjunctions that connect related word groups
Either…or
Not only… but (also)
Neither…nor
Whether… or
Both… and
Just as… so
Complex Sentences
• Clause: group of words that has a subject and predicate
• Independent Clause + Independent Clause= Compound
Sentence
• A clause that does not express a complete thought is a
dependent or subordinate clause.
• Independent Clause + Subordinate Clause = Complex
Sentence
• When a tree matures, it bears fruit.
Subordinate Clauses
A subordinate clause can come at the beginning or end of a sentence.
If it begins a sentence ALWAYS USE A COMMA AFTER IT.
If it is at the end of a sentence DO NOT USE A COMMA
When you go to the library, read about trees.
Read about trees when you go to the library.
Subordinating Conjunctions: often used to introduce subordinate clause
(p. 58 has a list of Sub. Conj.)
Forming Complex Sentences
To make your writing better, use a subordinating conjunction to connect two
simple sentences.
All trees produce sap. Not all sap produces syrup.
All trees produce sap, although not all sap produces syrup.
We did the work. She talked to her partner.
She talked to her partner while we did the work.
Be sure to use a variety of subordinating conjunctions. Also, be sure to use
the CORRECT subordinating conjunction, as they can express different
meaning.
Run-Ons and Fragments
Fragment: does not have both a subject & predicate or does not
express a complete thought
But we wanted to!
The teacher told us not to, but we wanted to!
Run-On: consists of two or more sentences that are run together
with commas or without any punctuation
Dean looked, he didn’t see the flashlight appeared from
nowhere.
To Fix a Run-On
1) Divide it into separate sentences
Dean looked. He didn’t see the flashlight.
2) Rewrite it as a compound sentence, using a comma
and a coordinating conjunction.
Dean looked, but he didn’t see the flashlight.
3) Rewrite it as a complex sentence, using a a
subordinating conjunction.
Although Dean looked, he didn’t see the flashlight. When
he looked again, the flashlight appeared from nowhere.