Transcript Book III Unit 2

Book III Unit 2
Civil Rights Heroes
The Freedom Givers
GO
Quit
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Contents
1
Listening, Watching,Thinking & Speaking
2
Intensive Reading
3
Reading skill
4
Writing skill & practice
5
Translation techniques & practice
6
Learning in Fun
BACK
7
Supplementary Exercises
Quit
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Listening Watching Thinking & Speaking
Movie Clipping
Audio
Thingking
&
Speaking
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A day to dream –
Remembering Martin Luther King Jr.
Listening to the recording carefully and try to
retell the topic as much as possible. Then have
the discussion with your classmates on the
followings：
What did the racial separation mean to the Black
people in the United States?
What incidents marked the beginning of the civil
rights movement in the United States?
What is the philosophy of the civil right
movement?
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Have Martin Luther King’s dream come true?
What is your opinion on the issue?
New Words
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
New words
 Baptist n. 浸信会 改革的祈祷传统，崇尚个人自由、政教
分离和自愿洗礼、理智信仰
 Minister 基督教会牧师尤指在新教中被授权进行宗教活动
的人
 Mahatma ，圣哲
 Gandhi. 甘地(1869-1948，印度政府、社会和宗教领袖)
 Henry David Thoreau. 美国思想史上一个有创见的人物，
作品包括“公民的反抗”
 Montgomery蒙哥马利：美国亚拉巴马州首府
 Memphis, 孟斐斯 A city of southwest Tennessee on the
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Mississippi River
 Tennessee. 田纳西州A state of the southeast United
States.
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Intensive Reading
Warm-up Activities
Text
Analysis
Background
Imformation
Language
Focus
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Practice in : match work; Appreciation & Extension
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Text Analysis
Add Your Title
Add Your Title
Main
Idea
Text
Organizati-on
Text
Analysis
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Warm up activity
1. What are the special contributions of
Abraham, John and Martin to the
Americans?
2. What did these people stand for?
3. What are the Southern States?
4. Can you guess what the texts in this
unit are going to be about?
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Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Answers
1. They all advocated black civil rights. They were all
assassinated.
2. They stood for justice and freedom.
3. Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana,
Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina,
Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia
4. They are about struggle for civil rights and freedom
BACK
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Background Information
1. Freedom and Rights
Freedom of the individual is considered one of the
essential features of western civilization, which itself
sometimes called the Free World. This freedom is often
expressed in terms of rights to do certain things or to be
treated in a particular way. When a person does sth.
That others think strange, British and American people
will often say, “It is a free country”, meaning that
although they disagree with the choice they recognize
the other person’s right to make it.
In Britain and the US the most basic rights include
freedom of expression, (to say or to write) freedom of BACK
choice (to make decisions), and freedom of worship (to
practice any religion).
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
You are a slave.
 Your body, your time, your very breath belong to a farmer in
1850s Maryland. Six long days a week you tend his fields and
make him rich. You have never tasted freedom. You never
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expect to.
 And yet . . . your soul lights up when you hear whispers of
attempted escape. Freedom means a hard, dangerous
trek(旅行). Do you try it?
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
2. The Civil Rights Movement
(in the US) the national campaign by African-Americans for
equal rights, especially in the1950s and 1960s. The campaign
included boycotts(抵制运动) (=refusals to buy particular
products), the actions of freedom riders, and in 1963 a march
to Washington led by Martin Luther King. It succeeded in
causing the introduction of bussing and affirmative action. The
Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965
were also introduced as a result of the civil rights movement,
which has helped to change the attitudes of many white
BACK
Americans.
The Civil Rights Movement was at a peak from 1955-1965.
Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting
Rights Act of 1965, guaranteeing basic civil rights for all
Americans, regardless of race, after nearly a decade of
nonviolent protests and marches, ranging from the 1955-1956
Montgomery bus boycott to the student-led sit-ins of the 1960s
to the huge March on Washington in 1963.
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Event of civil rights movement 1
 (Montgomery, Ala.) NAACP member Rosa Parks refuses to
give up her seat at the front of the "colored section" of a bus to
a white passenger, defying a southern custom of the time. In
response to her arrest the Montgomery black community
launches a bus boycott,
which will last for more than
a year, until the buses are
desegregated Dec. 21, 1956.
As newly elected president
of the Montgomery Improve-ment Association (MIA),
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Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., is
instrumental in leading the boycott.
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Event of civil rights movement 2
 Over the spring and summer, student volunteers begin
taking bus trips through the South to test out new laws that
prohibit segregation in interstate travel facilities, which
includes bus and railway stations. Several of the groups of
"freedom riders," as they are called, are attacked by angry
mobs along the way. The program, sponsored by The
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) and the Student
Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), involves more
than 1,000 volunteers, black and white.
BACK
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Martin Luther King
 Martin Luther King and “I have a dream”
 He led a mass struggle for racial equality that doomed(毁灭)
segregation and changed America forever
 (Washington, D.C.) About 200,000 people join the March on
Washington. Congregating(聚集) at the Lincoln Memorial, participants
listen as Martin Luther King delivers his famous "I Have a Dream"
speech.
 The Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., delivered this speech on August
28, 1963, on the
 steps of the Washington,
 D.C., Lincoln Memorial
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 during the march on
 Washington for Jobs
 and Freedom
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
I have a dream
 “I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and
live out the true meaning of its creed(信念): “We hold
these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created
equal.” I have a dream that one day on the red hills of
Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of
former slave owners will be able to sit down together at a
table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day even
the state of Mississippi, a desert state, sweltering(闷热)
with the heat of injustice and oppression, will be
transformed into an oasis(绿洲)of freedom and justice. I
have a dream that my four children will one day live in a
nation where they will not be judged by the color of their
skin but by the content of their character. I have a dream
today.”
BACK
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
BACK
Bus Express
Rights
Photos Voices of Civil
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Martin Luther King
BACK
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
3《汤姆叔叔的小屋》Uncle Tom’s Cabin
A novel (1852) by the US writer Harriet Beecher Stowe which increased
support for the movement to free slaves.
如今你很难再看到《汤姆叔叔的小屋》热销的场景了.或许这本书引发了南北
战争的书代表的那个时代已经离我们远去.然而,在那个时代, 它对美国废奴
运动的启示是不可估量的,美国之所以发展到今天也与它密不可分.虽然如今
它被冷落在书架的角落,它依然是 “文学史上最伟大的胜利”.
 Author: Harriet Beecher Stowe
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 "Visit Uncle Tom's Cabin Again... For The First Time!"
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
BACK
Uncle Tom's Cabin Historic Site commemorates the life of Reverend Josiah Henson and
his contributions to the famous Underground Railroad. It was Henson's life experiences
that inspired Ms. Stowe's creation of the character Uncle Tom in her 1852 outcry
against slavery.
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
4.Underground Railroad
The Underground Railroad refers to the effort--sometimes
spontaneous, sometimes highly organized--to assist persons
held in bondage in North America to escape from slavery.
Historic places along the Underground Railroad are testament
of African American capabilities. The network provided an
opportunity for sympathetic white Americans to play a role in
resisting slavery, and brought together, however uneasily at
times, men and women of both races to begin to set aside
assumptions about the other race and to work together on BACK
issues of mutual concern. At the most dramatic level, the
Underground Railroad provided stories of guided escapes
from the South, rescues of arrested fugitives in the North,
complex communication systems, and individual acts of
bravery and suffering in the quest for freedom for all. Find out
how you can list a property associated with the Underground
Railroad in the National Register of Historic Places.
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Underground Railroad
 For a more detailed map of escape routes of the Underground
Railroad produced by the National Park Service Cartographic
Staff at Harpers Ferry Center
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Underground Railroad Center
 Why Cincinnati?
 Now as in the past, Cincinnati's location on the Ohio River
puts it at the crossroads of freedom's journey. In the 1800's
the city served as a major hub of activity on the Underground
Railroad and its banks offered refuge to thousands seeking
hope and a new way of life. Today, as the home of the
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Freedom Center, it acts as a beacon of light once more.
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
5.比尔.克林顿 Bill Clinton
(1946-- ): the 42nd president, elected in 1992 and 1996. He is a
democrat and was previously the governor of Arkansas. The
US economy improved under Clinton, and the North America
Free Trade Agreement has been sighed. His successes in
helping to achieve world peace include the Camp David
Agreement for the Near East and the Dayton Agreement to end
the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Main Idea
In 2004 a centre in honor of the
“Underground railroad” opens in
Cincinnati. The railroad was unusual.
It sold no tickets and had no trains,
yet it carried thousands of
passengers to the destination of
their dreams.
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Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
课文赏析
2004年, 一个纪念 “地下铁路”的中心将在辛辛
那提州成立.这条铁路不同寻常,它不出售车票,也
无火车行使.然而, 它将成千上万的乘客送往他们
梦想的目的地.
这里说的“地下铁路”是美国内战之前一个帮助
奴隶逃到北方废奴诸州和加拿大的秘密网络. 为
了保密, 该网络的各种成员都有着很隐蔽的称谓:
帮助奴隶逃跑的人被称为 “乘务员”,在逃跑途
中奴隶用来休息并制定下一步计划的地方称作
“车站”,而逃跑中的奴隶理所当然就成了 “乘
客”.就是这个用“地下铁路”来掩盖其实质的营
救奴隶的组织,在40年中帮助40万奴隶重获自由.BACK
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Text Organization
Parts
Part I
Part II
Paragrap Main Ideas
hs
Paras 1-5 It’s high time to honor the heroes
who helped liberate slaves by
forging the Underground Railroad in
the early civil-rights struggles in
America.
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Paras 6- By citing examples the author
23
praises the exploits of civil-rights
heroes who helped slaves travel the
Underground Railroad of freedom.
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Stories of three civil-rights heroes
►Story 1: (6-10) After winning his own freedom
from slavery, John Parker helped other slaves
to escape north to Canada to get freedom.
► Story 2: (11-15) Supported by a strong
religious conviction, the white man Levi Coffin
helped black slaves to escape at huge risk.
► Story 3: (16-23) By traveling the Underground
Railroad, Josiah Henson reached his
destination and became free at last.
BACK
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Text Analysis
 When we learn a foreign language, we must learn the culture
of the speakers of that language. Text A is a good case in
point. Readers need some knowledge of Christianity.
 The author tells three stories about the Underground
Railroad and the early Black civil rights movement.
 We learn about the name of Josiah Henson at the beginning
of the text, yet his full story is not told until the last part. In
this way, the author achieves coherence of text.
 Direct speech is more convincing than indirect speech,
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especially when it comes to expressing personal beliefs.
For example, the text quotes Levi Coffin saying “The Bible,
in bidding us to feed the hungry and clothe the naked, said
nothing about color.” On other occasions, direct speech
makes a story more vivid. “Oh, no! … His joy affects us all”.
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Language Studies Para. 1
Alongside … American story. 是到装句
Slender: slim slender hands/legs/figure Each
girl has a dream of owning a slender figure.
Confident: feeling or showing trust in oneself (be
confident of /that)
翻译: 我深信正义一定能战胜邪恶.
I am confident that justice can defeat evil.
Be created equal: 生来平等
Give up: abandon an attempt to do 放弃
BACK
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Para. 2
 Devotion: deep strong love 深爱, 挚爱 devotion to 对…的热
爱
翻译: 出于对教育事业的热爱, 他自愿成为一名人民教师.
Out of devotion to the cause of education, he wants to be a
teacher of his own accord.
 Stand up (for): speak, work, etc. in favor of; support支持 BACK
 You have to be prepared to stand up for the things you
believe in./ Don’t be afraid to stand up for yourself.
 A man of principle 有原则的人
翻译: 从小我妈妈就教导我要坚持自己的意见,做一个有原则的人.
My mother told me to stand up for myself and become a man
of principle from my childhood.
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Para. 3
 now …directed: Henson’s last home 的一个同位语
 a man: 是暗喻, 亨森被比做摩西– 基督教《圣经》中曾率以色列
人逃脱埃及人奴役的尤太人的领袖.
 Site: 地方,位置,遗址 a historic site: 历史遗址
BACK
翻译: 滑铁卢战役的遗址在比利时.
The site of the battle of Waterloo is in Belgium.
 In many ways: 很多方面
翻译:的确, 中国在很多方面还赶不上发达国家,但其巨大的潜力使它
前途无限.
It is true that China can’t catch up with developed countries in
many ways, but it is promising because of its great potentials
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Para. 4
 Mission: particular task or duty 特殊任务,使命
-- The five young people have been on a mission to help the
Cambodians.
 Mission in life: 天职
翻译: 她认为帮助老人和病人是自己的天职.
She believed that helping the old and the sick was her mission in
life.
 but: just
 used to: 意思是 “用于” 而不是 “过去常常”
 Courageous: brave, fearless 勇敢的,无畏的
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 Forge: create by much of hard work (靠艰苦工作)建立
翻译: 一切新的东西都是从艰苦奋斗中锤炼出来的.
Hard and bitter struggle forges everything new.
 Liberate from: set free 解放
翻译: 我们都应该尽力把我们的思想从教条主义中解放出来.
We should all try our best to liberate the mind from
doctrinairism.
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Para 5
 Authorize: give approval or permission to; give authority to 批
准,委托 n. authority 权威
-- The central government authorized $200 billion to construct
new dams to generate cheap hydro-electric power.
 翻译: 地方政府批准建造一个新机场.
 The local government authorized the construction of a new
airport.
 It’s about time=It’s high time 早该去做某事而实际没有做, 从句
用过去时构成虚拟语气.
 For the heroes… largely unsung. 它实际是连接上一句的，可
以看成it’s about time for the heroes of the Underground
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Railroad remain too little remembered, their exploits still
largely unsung. For 连接的是并列句．The
heroes…remembered 是主谓结构，their exploits…unsung是
独立结构．
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Para. 5
 Exploit: (usu. pl.)功绩，业绩/（vt)剥削;开发,利用
－My grandfather entertained us with stories of wartime exploits.
翻译：他们的英雄业绩将被载入史册．
Their heroic exploits will go down in history.
 Intent: having the stated firm intention 热衷的，坚决的
 be intent on (sth./doing sth.): be eager or determined to do sth.
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热衷于，坚决要做
-- Working day and night, Janet seems intent on breaking the
record in the Guinness Book of Records.
翻译：他一心想被人认可，却总是事与愿违．
He was intent on being recognized, but things always went
contrary to his wishes.
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Para. 7
 in the 1820s 是two decades before的同位语
 On the side : as an additional job or source of income
secretly 作为兼职，秘密地
－Some teachers have to find ways of making some
money on the side.
BACK
翻译：他有家室，但暗地里还有一个情人．
He is married but he has a sweet on the side.
 Capture: capturing or being captured 抓捕，捕获
翻译：罪犯在企图逃离这座城市时被捕获．
The criminal was captured when trying to escape from the city.
 Dead or alive: 无论死活
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Para. 8
Chilly: rather cold and unpleasant 寒飕飕的，
冷的
On that chilly night: 在那个阴冷的夜晚
翻译；我们能从阴冷的空气里感觉到秋天的到来．
We can feel the coming of autumn from the chilly air.
BACK
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Para. 9
But: “除了”，常用在no, all, everything, nobody, 或
what, who, where 等的后面
翻译：我别无选择，只有接受．
-- I had no choice but to accept the offer.
Close in (on/around): come near to, esp. in order to
attack from several directions; surround 接近，包围
-- Hitler committed suicide as Soviet forces were closing
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in on Berlin.
翻译：夜幕降临．Night is closing in.
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Para. 10
The first leg of journey: leg 指旅程中的一段．
Make: 在这里指 “到达”．
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Para. 11
Motivate: 激发
翻译：考试并不能促使学生去追求更多的知识．
－Examinations can not motivate a student to seek
more knowledge.
BACK
Conviction: firm opinion or belief 坚定的看法或信仰，
burning religious conviction 狂热的宗教信仰
Clothe: provide clothes for; put clothes on 供给…衣
服；给…穿衣服
教友派（贵格派）Quaker: 17世纪50年代成立于英国
的基督教宗教团体，是基督教一个新的派别，创始人
乔治．福克斯，该教反对暴力和战争．
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Para. 12
 Come to: 终于开始（认识，理解，相信或喜欢）
翻译：她开始从新的角度看待这个问题．
She had come to see the problem in a new angle of view
 Converge: come together at a point 回合；集中
翻译：两方聚集在敌方首都，准备一决胜负．
The two armies converged at he enemy capital for the last
battle of the war.
BACK
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Para. 13
 Impose: place a (penalty, tax, etc.) officially on 把…强加于
-- The government has made a decision to impose a further tax on
wines and spirits.
翻译：不要把你的政治观点强加于别人身上．
Don’t impose your political idea on others.
 Sentence: 宣判，判决 be sentenced to death 被判处死刑
 Imprison: put or keep in or as if in prison 关押，监禁；束缚
翻译：繁杂的家务把她拴住了．
BACK
 Domestic details imprisoned her.
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Para. 14
As for: with regard to 至于
As for your request for a free sample, we will send it
to you in about ten days.
翻译：你只管做好你的事，至于其它事你就不要操心
了．
You only do your own jobs, as for others you needn’t
worry about.
BACK
Word of mouth: 口口相告
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Para. 15／16/ 17
 Under cover of night: 在夜色的掩护下
 Their faces… powder: 独立结构
 Abolish: end the existence 废除（法律，习惯）
翻译：不良的习俗和法规应予以废除
Bad customs and laws ought to be abolished.
 Make the best of : try to manage as well as you can 尽量利用，
充分利用
翻译：我们大学生要充分利用在校时间，勤奋学习，充实自己．
We college students must make the best of campus time BACK
studying diligently in order to enrich ourselves.
 In one’s regard: 深受某人的器重
翻译：凭借你的才能和勤奋，你一定会受老板的器重．
By right of your ability and diligence you will rise far in your
boss’s regard.
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Para. 18 / 19／20
 Compel: force 强迫，要求
翻译：强烈的责任感驱使军人志愿加入此任务．
The intense duty compelled the soldiers to volunteer for the
mission.
 Salvation: saving or being saved from danger, evil, etc. 拯救，
解放
 At risk: threatened by the possibility of loss, failure, etc.; in
danger 有危险，冒风险
BACK
翻译：禽流感肆虐，凡是家畜都有被传染的危险．
Bird flu is spreading, and all domestic animals are at risk.
 Set off: 动身出发
翻译：要想达到梦想的彼岸，现在就要起程．
If you want to arrive at the other shore of dream, you should set
off now.
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Para. 22
 In the eyes of: in the opinion of 在…看来
-- In the eyes of his students, Richard is a sensible and reliable
teacher.
翻译：在影迷的眼里，格列高里．派克是一棵影坛常青树．
In the eyes of fans, Gregory Peck is a evergreen of moviedom.
 Pass for: appear like, be accepted or looked upon as 被看作，
被当作
-- He speaks American English well enough to pass for an BACK
American.
翻译：“泰坦尼克”被认为是到目前为止他拍得最好的影片．
Titanic passed for his best film so far.
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Match Expressions
1.微风
2.支持
3.有原则的人
4.历史遗迹
5.解放奴隶
6.决定要做某事.
7.轻轻的敲门声
8.铸铁
9.报告
10.宗教信仰
historic site
liberate slaves
be intent on doing sth
iron molding
religious convictions
spread the news
BACK
stand up for
a man of principle
a gentle breeze
soft knock
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
11.得到庇护
12.下一段行程
13.主要路线
14.面临危险
15.课以罚金
16.记录
17.路标
18.出殡队伍
19.未开垦的土地
20.在某人看来
keep a log of
impose a fine
road signs
a funeral procession
a virgin land
in the eyes of sb.
find refuge
next leg of the journey
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principal routes
face danger
Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB
Homework
Writing: The Civil Rights Movement in the US
Do exercises of text A and B.
Do Fast Reading Unit 2.
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Copyright© 2007 Foreign Language Department of CUEB